Introduction (also known as preface, preface or overview) is often used as the beginning of scientific and technological papers, which puts forward the problems to be studied in the paper and guides readers to read and understand the full text.

The writing requirements of the introduction:

1 Cut to the chase and don't beat around the bush. Avoid long-winded narration of historical origin and research process.

2. Be concise. We shouldn't talk too much about the familiar common sense content of colleagues and textbooks. When it is really necessary to mention other people's research results and basic principles, we only need to mark them in the form of quotations. In the introduction, when putting forward the work and opinions of this paper, we should make the meaning clear and the language concise.

3 Respect science and seek truth from facts. When discussing the research significance of this paper, we should pay attention to discretion and avoid using uncomfortable words such as "high academic value", "filling gaps at home and abroad" and "appearing for the first time". At the same time, we should also be careful not to use such pleasantries as "a little knowledge", "asking for advice" and "throwing bricks to attract jade".

The content of the introduction should not be the same as the abstract, nor should it be a comment of the abstract. The introduction should generally echo the conclusion, and the questions raised in the introduction should be answered in the conclusion, but the similarity between the introduction and the conclusion should be avoided.

The introduction does not need to explain the bid opening process and the evaluation procedure of the results, nor does it need to quote all the conclusions about the contract documents and evaluation.

It is best not to discuss the introduction in sections, nor to prove it with illustrations, lists and mathematical formulas.