At the same time, however, the development of the pharmaceutical industry is also facing some deep-seated problems and difficulties, such as: externally, the financial crisis will adversely affect China's pharmaceutical exports in the short term; Internally, R&D investment is insufficient, the innovation ability is not strong, the quality standard system is not perfect, there are hidden dangers in drug safety, low-level redundant construction has not been effectively suppressed, disorderly competition has intensified, environmental protection problems are prominent, and governance measures are ineffective.
However, in recent years, the awareness of industry innovation has been enhanced. Song cited the following figures: from the acceptance of drug registration in China since June 2007 10, the proportion of generic drug applications dropped to 52.3%, and the proportion of innovative drug applications dropped to 2.6%. He believes that innovation is a systematic innovation including ideas, systems, markets and technologies. Among them, concepts and systems,
Looking back on the 30 years of reform and opening up, the two major problems that need to be solved urgently in the development of China's pharmaceutical industry are to improve industrial concentration and improve drug quality standards.
As far as industry concentration is concerned, the competitiveness of a country depends on the number of internationally competitive enterprises and market coverage, so it is necessary to improve enterprise concentration. Without concentration, there will be no industrial competitiveness and national competitiveness. In 2008, the concentration of pharmaceutical industry in China was 40%, which was 10 percentage point higher than that in 2006, but there was still a big gap compared with developed countries.
On the issue of drug quality standards, the overall level of drug standards in China is not high. The drug standards recorded in the 2005 Pharmacopoeia account for 20% of the total drug standards, while the proportion in the United States is 80%.
"The breakthrough in the development of the pharmaceutical industry is to improve the overall level of the national pharmaceutical industry by improving the drug quality management system and drug quality standards. It is necessary to formulate transitional policies to improve drug standards. Actively improve the drug implementation standards, recognize the cost of improving quality, and realize that this standard is a quality standard higher than the statutory standard and should be upgraded to a national standard within a certain transition period. This is verifiable. " Song believes that it is not a single policy that supports the development of Chinese medicine, but a perfect policy system. Otherwise, different, fragmented and reasonable policies may reduce the comprehensive benefits of policies because of hedging, or even go to the opposite side.
The opportunities brought by the new medical reform outweigh the challenges.
This paper analyzes the development trend of the pharmaceutical retail market in the new environment, and expounds the general situation of the pharmaceutical retail market, the influence of the new medical reform policy on the retail industry and the forecast of the pharmaceutical retail market in 2009.
The increase in the number of retail pharmacies is unevenly distributed
The data shows that the number of retail enterprises in China continues to increase.
By the end of 2008, there were 365,578 pharmacies nationwide, an increase of 5.99% over the same period in 2007. In the first half of 2009, there were 378,600 pharmacies in China, with an increase of 3.56%. Chain enterprises expanded steadily. In the first half of 2009, the number of stores increased by 2.4 1% compared with 2008, reaching 13.2008.
In terms of the regional distribution of retail enterprises, the former 10 province has the largest number of pharmaceutical chain enterprises, accounting for 56.26% of the national chain enterprises and 37.34% of the total number of chain stores. The density of pharmacies in China is high, but the regional distribution is uneven. Among the 27 cities monitored, the density of pharmacies in Chengdu is the highest, with 28 14 people/store. Nanning has the lowest density, with 8528 people/shop.
Judging from the sales scale of pharmacies in China, the retail market of drugs in China was129.5 billion yuan in 2008, up by 17.7% year-on-year. In the first half of 2009, the scale of pharmaceutical retail market was about 74 1 100 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.24%.
"Overall, the concentration of the top 100 retail stores in China has increased steadily, but the profit level is low. Before 2008, the average profit of 10 stores increased by 2.58%, the average profit of top 100 stores increased by 16.3%, the average gross profit of domestic chain pharmacies was 20.4%, while the average gross profit of international retail chain pharmacies was 24% ~ 37%. In fact, among the top chain pharmacies 100, the profit rate of 15% is lower than that of 1%, while that of 2 1.25% is between 1%-2%, and only 3.75% is higher than/kloc.
By comparing the share of major categories in the retail market, we can find that the category structure is changing, the proportion of sales of Chinese patent medicines and health care products is declining, the proportion of sales of chemical medicines is rising, and the proportion of medical devices of other categories is rising, indicating that the diversification trend of pharmacies is obvious. Among chemical drugs, the proportion of drugs used in digestive system, cardiovascular system and respiratory system is increasing, and anti-infective drugs are relatively stable.
Summarizing the development trend of retail market in China, the number of retail pharmacies continues to increase, and the average number of customers per store decreases, showing excessive competition; The pharmaceutical retail market has grown steadily, but the growth rate has slowed down; The average sales growth rate of single store decreased, and the growth rate of rural drug retail market slowed down; Chain operation occupies a dominant position in the retail market, but its expansion has been slow in recent two years, and the concentration of the pharmaceutical retail market has improved, but it is still scattered, and the profitability of pharmacies is generally low.
Essential drugs are not dominant.
The monitoring data of sample hospitals in 22 major cities by Southern Institute of Medical Economics showed that the sales share of essential drugs decreased year by year, from 14.58% in 2008 to 12.9% in the first half of this year. At present, although there are many manufacturers of some basic drugs sold in the hospital market, the market has been concentrated.
In the retail market, antibiotics account for the largest proportion of essential drugs, reaching 47.5%, while other categories account for a low proportion. Judging from the proportion of essential drugs in major retail drugs, non-catalog products have a large space in the retail market, especially cold medicines, skin medicines and cough medicines.
Summarize the competitive pattern of the retail market of essential drugs. Essential drugs are not dominant in the retail market. Among the top 20 brands in major retail categories, major brands of anti-infection and cardiovascular essential drugs account for a large share. Brand drugs are originally low-margin products of retail pharmacies. Once the community zero-difference rate is implemented and the prices of essential drugs are lowered, the sales of these varieties in pharmacies will be affected.
Influence of medical insurance system reform on pharmaceutical retail industry. The expansion of medical insurance will stimulate the consumption demand of terminal drugs, which is an opportunity for the retail market. However, the operation of rural pharmacies will be impacted by the full coverage of the new rural cooperative medical system. The reform direction of medical insurance payment method is to pay by disease type and per head, which will be a potential benefit for retail pharmacies to consumers. With the improvement of medical insurance coverage, having designated qualifications will be the leading factor to attract consumers with medical insurance cards to buy medicines in pharmacies, which will lead to more intense competition for designated medical insurance qualifications.
The retail market may reach 654.38+050.5 billion yuan.
According to the monitoring data of "Southern Research Institute-China Pharmaceutical Economic Operation Analysis System", using exponential smoothing model, it is predicted that the total industrial output value of the seven major pharmaceutical sub-sectors will be about 654.38+000 billion yuan in 2009, an increase of about 654.38+08% year-on-year, and the scale of pharmaceutical retail market will reach 654.38+04.9 billion yuan to 654.38+05 billion yuan in 2009.
The expansion brought by the new medical reform has brought more opportunities than challenges to the retail market, such as the basic drug system, the zero difference rate in the community, the "new rural cooperative medical system" and the drug price reform, which will bring new changes to the competitive environment of pharmacies. Because the relevant supporting policies are still in the pipeline, there are still some variables in the future. However, the major reform of the retail pharmaceutical industry is inevitable, and the leading reason is not external factors, but excessive competition within the industry.
With the sinking of the internet, it will become a trend to open more stores and small shops.
Under the new situation of new medical reform, the pharmaceutical industry must improve its professional level if it wants to gain competitive advantage in the future.
The scale and speed of China's pharmaceutical industry development, and China's pharmaceutical consumption potential is huge. Under the turbulent macroeconomic situation, the pharmaceutical economy has always been on the track of rapid development. The standardization process of the pharmaceutical industry has been accelerated, the market expansion is in sight, the capital force is surging, the industrial transformation has stirred up the growth of the pharmaceutical industry, the enterprise benefits have picked up, the industrial concentration has been significantly improved, the commercial scale advantage has been highlighted, and the terminal has recovered rapidly. However, due to the financial crisis, the import and export of medicine has also encountered challenges. At the same time, the industrial structure of the pharmaceutical industry at this stage is unreasonable.
Tao believes that after the implementation of the basic drug system, the implementation of the zero-difference rate of drugs in community medical institutions will also bring great pressure to pharmacies, and then the adjustment of the medical insurance catalogue has started, and the competition for designated medical insurance qualifications will be a major focus in the future retail industry. Moreover, the Food Safety Law, which was implemented in June this year, clearly stipulates the low-priced functional foods that pharmacies traditionally operate, so the varieties of retail pharmacies will face some adjustments.
Nowadays, China's pharmaceutical retail industry has been fully baptized by market competition and gradually matured in self-regulation and purification. Mainstream chain pharmacies are good at using the power of capital to realize the rapid expansion of scale, and then begin to develop in the direction of deepening pharmaceutical services and consolidating the foundation of enterprise management, which is manifested in the diversification and category management from the most primitive pharmacies to the application of IT technology.
After the goal of universal health insurance is achieved, the drug consumption capacity of the vast rural areas and basic markets will be discovered, and the outlets of mainstream chain pharmacies will sink from the basically saturated urban areas to the low-end counties with low pharmacy density and rich urban and rural areas. Opening more stores and small shops will become a trend. Moreover, the health concept of prevention first advocated by the new medical reform and the increase in investment in public health and chronic disease prevention require the pharmaceutical industry to strengthen the health service function in the future in order to improve the professional service level and gain competitive advantage.