Abstract is an indispensable part of every paper, whether it is the title of the paper or the graduation thesis, the abstract is indispensable. So what is abstraction?

That is, abstract, which is based on the summary of the paper, summarizes the full text in simple and clear language, leaves the trunk to the branches and leaves, and extracts the main information, author's views, main contents, research results and unique opinions of the paper.

Thesis abstracts are divided into Chinese abstracts and foreign abstracts. In terms of space limitation, Chinese abstracts usually do not exceed 300 words, English abstracts do not exceed 250 substantive words, and Chinese and English abstracts should be consistent.

The content of the paper should contain the same amount of main information as the paper, so that readers can determine whether it is necessary to read the full text. To sum up, there are four elements: purpose: the purpose, scope and importance of the study; Methods: Means and methods adopted; Results: What work has been completed, data and results obtained; Conclusion: The important conclusions and main viewpoints of this paper are obtained, and new opinions of this paper are put forward.

How should I write it?

1, concise text: the text must be very concise and the content needs to be fully summarized.

2. Objectivity and truthfulness: When compiling, a document should be objectively and truly reflected, and subjective opinions, explanations or comments of the author of the abstract should not be added.

3. Rigorous structure: what should be written first and then in the abstract should be arranged in logical order, with concise expression and precise semantics. Sentences should be coherent and echo each other. Sentence patterns should be simple and long sentences should be used with caution. Every sentence should be clear, and there should be no vague, general or ambiguous words.

4, should focus on reflecting the new ideas in the manuscript.