Administrative model essay 1: administrative model essay 1. Set goals reasonably according to motivation.
Motivation, a psychological concept, is the direct cause of behavior. People's behavior is caused by motivation, all pointing to a certain goal. Motivation plays a role in triggering, strengthening the promotion and guidance of people's behavior, and drives a person's behavior towards the established goal. In the work of mobilizing the enthusiasm of employees, we should not only understand the needs of employees, but also set valuable goals in time according to the needs of employees to stimulate their motivation. University administrators should try their best to achieve the following points when setting goals for employees: First, goals must be combined with needs and motives, which is not only an inspiring direction, but also a goal to meet people's needs. So psychology is usually called goal? Incentive measures. Second, whether setting personal goals or group goals, employees should be involved. The deeper the participation, the stronger the sense of obligation. If their superiors set a goal for them, they will think that it is not their own goal, thus reducing the inducement. Third, scientific. The target is of moderate height and varies from person to person. We must set suitable goals for administrative staff, which should not only conform to the overall goal of performing various functions of the school harmoniously and efficiently, but also make feasible work plans according to their own characteristics and work nature. Let employees think that they have the ability to achieve their goals through hard work, that is, if they have high personal subjective expectations, they will have confidence and determination, and they will inspire great power; On the other hand, if the goal is too high, out of reach or too low, it is not enough to effectively mobilize their enthusiasm and give full play to their potential. Fourth, the stage. Take? Eat less and eat more? 、? Charming? 、? Step-by-step tactics, because the overall goal is often too big and too far, the phased goal is easy to achieve, and this sense of accomplishment can inspire people to forge ahead and stimulate the vitality of employees. Fifth, variability. After the goal is set, it often becomes too easy or too difficult because of the change of the situation, so it should be adjusted appropriately.
Second, improve administrative efficiency by applying management by objectives.
Management by objectives is a well-known management technology, which is essentially an incentive technology in management and one of the forms for employees to participate in management. Management by objectives was first put forward by Drucker, a famous American management scholar, in the book Management Practice 65438-0954. He discussed? Management by objectives and self-control In his view, to achieve an overall goal, we must have well-planned and consistent sub-goals to guide everyone's work. He pointed out that if every employee sets his own personal goals according to the requirements of the overall goal and strives to achieve them, the realization of the overall goal can be more guaranteed, and each employee has made his own contribution to the organization. In order to achieve this goal, he also advocated that in the implementation stage and performance evaluation stage of target management, we should fully trust employees, implement decentralization and democratic consultation, and let employees manage independently and complete their respective tasks independently; In addition, the performance appraisal, evaluation and reward must also be carried out in strict accordance with the completion and actual effect of each employee's objectives and tasks, so as to further stimulate each employee's work enthusiasm and give play to each employee's initiative and creativity. If management by objectives can be well applied to university management, administrative efficiency can be improved. Its specific measures include: First, the implementation of target management. Let each employee not only understand the overall goal of the organization, but also master the sub-goals of groups and individuals to form the consistency of goals. Second, implement a participatory system. Let every employee feel that he is a member of the organization. Have the rights corresponding to the post and define the responsibilities. Implement democratic management to ensure that employees have the opportunity to participate in management from the organization and system. Let everyone know their responsibilities in achieving the overall goal, and let them implement self-management in their work and accomplish their personal goals independently. Third, strengthening leadership and management mainly refers to strengthening the exchange of views with subordinates and giving necessary guidance. When arranging work, leaders only explain tasks to subordinates and put forward clear requirements; Specific implementation plans and methods should be formulated by subordinates, so as to give full play to the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of personnel at all levels, thus improving work efficiency and ensuring the full realization of goals. Fourth, the implementers of the target must strictly follow it? Target implementation timetable? Requirements for the job. The purpose is to keep every job busy in an orderly way during the whole target implementation stage, so as to ensure the completion of the expected target value. Practice has proved? Target implementation timetable? The finer the preparation, the more specific and clear the safeguard measures, the stronger the initiative of the work, the smoother the implementation process and the better the target effect. Fifth, while achieving organizational goals, make individuals obtain? Reasonable degree? Satisfaction includes both material and spiritual aspects, which makes employees have a sense of organizational superiority and personal accomplishment. Sixth, timely feedback information. Let every employee know the degree of achievement of organizational goals and personal work achievements in time. Establish good communication channels.
Third, the conclusion
What is the most important thing in university administration? People? By studying management psychology, we can fully understand the psychological needs of employees, and use the method of target management to make employees fully understand the overall goal of efficient, unified and harmonious operation of school administration, and independently set personal goals according to this overall goal, so that everyone can clearly understand their responsibilities in achieving the overall goal and complete the task independently; In addition, the assessment, evaluation and reward of performance must also be carried out in strict accordance with the completion of each employee's objectives and tasks and the actual performance. This can stimulate the enthusiasm of employees, give play to their enthusiasm and initiative, and thus improve the administrative efficiency of colleges and universities.
Fan Wen-2 on Administrative Management: University Administration from the Perspective of Electronic School Affairs I. The Significance of Electronic School Affairs to the Development of University Administration
(A) the construction of electronic school affairs plays an important role in the internal development of university administration.
The construction of electronic colleges and universities directly refers to the management of colleges and universities, and it is to reform the traditional administrative means and methods of colleges and universities through advanced information technology. Therefore, the implementation of university management informatization will lead to the transformation and simplification of university administrative functions. With the continuous development of colleges and universities in China, the influence of electronic school affairs on the administrative functions of colleges and universities will become more and more obvious. With the change of administrative functions in colleges and universities, the development of electronic school affairs will also affect the setting of administrative organizational structure in colleges and universities, simplify the setting of administrative institutions in colleges and universities, and thus realize the new management of institutional setting. The development of electronic school affairs will save a lot of financial resources, material resources and manpower, reduce the management cost of colleges and universities and improve the management efficiency of colleges and universities.
(B) Electronic school affairs have positive social significance for the development of university administration.
The purpose of electronic school affairs and information construction in colleges and universities is to realize the communication between the management of colleges and universities and teachers and students, and provide good services for teachers and students. Through the development of electronic school affairs and the innovation of university management, the transparency of university management can be enhanced and the right to know of teachers and students can be realized. Through the openness of school affairs, it is convenient for teachers and administrators to participate in and supervise the management of colleges and universities. In addition, due to the positive role of electronic school affairs in the development of university administration, it can realize timely information exchange between universities and teachers and students, which is conducive to alleviating contradictions, eliminating misunderstandings and promoting the stability of universities.
(C) the construction of electronic school affairs is of great significance to improve the comprehensive competitiveness of colleges and universities.
It is also necessary for universities to participate in the competition to strengthen the informatization and electronic school affairs construction. Only by realizing the informatization of university administration can the comprehensive competitiveness of universities be rapidly improved. Through the construction of electronic school affairs, we can realize the leap-forward development in the field of administrative management in colleges and universities, accelerate the informatization process of colleges and universities, and thus improve the comprehensive competitiveness of colleges and universities.
Second, the influence of electronic school affairs on the development of university administration.
(A) electronic school affairs to promote the development of administrative functions in colleges and universities
The development of administrative functions in colleges and universities is an important aspect of the development of administrative management in colleges and universities. With the development of knowledge economy and the expansion of university scale in China, new requirements are put forward for the development and transformation of university administrative functions. The administrative functions of colleges and universities include control function, service function and development function. In order to realize the transformation of administrative functions in colleges and universities, it is an important way to implement electronic school affairs. E-school affairs can promote the transformation and development of the administrative functions of colleges and universities, which are embodied in the following three aspects: First, e-school affairs can transform the administrative functions of colleges and universities from control to service. The renewal and transformation of administrative functions in colleges and universities is a way for administrative functions in colleges and universities to adapt to environmental changes. ? Service? The school administration system means that the administrative departments or managers of colleges and universities treat teachers and students equally, and love, respect and care for them; Be fair, transparent and open in the process of administrative management, and finally achieve the purpose of saving office costs, improving office quality and efficiency and simplifying procedures; Establish feedback and cooperation mechanisms with communities, students, teachers and parents; It embodies the spirit of the university, attaches importance to the participation of employees in the management and decision-making of the university, creates a harmonious research environment and learning environment for teachers and students, promotes the all-round development of students' physical and mental health, and enables the university to give full play to the functions of personnel training, scientific research and social service. The establishment of electronic school affairs is the necessity of changing control into service, and the characteristics of electronic school affairs are to serve teachers and students and facilitate them. Colleges and universities should take the construction of electronic school affairs as an opportunity to continuously improve their service functions. Colleges and universities with high service level should have the following characteristics: teachers and students work in the school administrative department, and it is easy to get results; Teachers and students can easily obtain information through the electronic school affairs system without much energy; Teachers and students should receive comprehensive services from the school administration; Teachers and students can work online without entering the school administrative department. Second, electronic school affairs promote the openness of administrative functions in colleges and universities. With the development of electronic school affairs, the administrative functions of colleges and universities are becoming more and more networked, and network office can be gradually realized, that is, the administrative functions of colleges and universities are moved to the network. The networking of administrative functions in colleges and universities not only makes the administrative functions in colleges and universities open, but also simplifies them accordingly. Under the old administrative system, office work was generally done on paper, and many business jobs needed instructions from leaders. In this case, the content of the leadership instructions may be unclear or unclear, resulting in low transparency in policy making. At the same time, the work efficiency is low, the standardization is poor, and the possibility of making mistakes is relatively large. Through online office, electronic school affairs can make the work flow clear, distinguish the responsible persons, clarify the responsibilities of administrative departments, reduce the contradictions between administrative departments, and avoid the phenomenon that all departments have to push for power and profit. Thirdly, electronic school affairs have promoted the development of administrative environment in colleges and universities. The combination of multimedia technology, communication technology and computer technology in the administrative management under the network information environment provides a technical basis for improving administrative efficiency. The change of the social and technical environment of university management will require the change of university administrative functions, especially the development of university administrative functions.
(B) electronic school affairs to stimulate scientific administrative decision-making in colleges and universities
Electronic school affairs are conducive to improving the scientific nature of administrative decision-making in colleges and universities. The administrative decision-making in colleges and universities is that the administrative staff in colleges and universities use scientific theories and methods to systematically analyze the subjective and objective conditions according to certain conditions and conditions, and make decisions on the problems to be solved or the affairs to be handled on the basis of mastering a large amount of relevant information. Administrative activities have the functions of administrative leadership, coordination, communication, control and decision-making, but among these functions, administrative decision-making is the most important and dominant function. Administrative decision-making in colleges and universities is the forerunner of school administrative activities, and all administrative management processes and administrative actions are inseparable from administrative decision-making. Whether the administrative decision is correct or not is directly related to whether the administrative objectives can be achieved; The level of administrative decision-making will affect the vitality and vigor of administrative management. ? Scientific decision-making is a concept with clear connotation, which requires that the decision-making process must be based on the system, carry forward democracy extensively through scientific procedures, collect a large amount of information, fully study and demonstrate, adopt the way of collective decision-making, use modern technical means, combine static typical research with dynamic system analysis, and combine qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis to maximize the accuracy of decision-making [4]. At first, the administrative decision-making of colleges and universities is an empirical decision-making, and college administrators make decisions based on personal or specific ideological level, life experience and work ability. Experience is only the knowledge and understanding of past affairs, which is not suitable for solving new situations and problems, and has not adapted to the requirements of the development of colleges and universities. Therefore, scientific decision-making methods must be used in administrative decision-making activities in colleges and universities. In the era of rapid information development, the electronic school affairs system urges the administrative leaders of colleges and universities to make scientific decisions and provide valuable and high-quality information. Traditional office work is done by hand-made paper, which is prone to mistakes, poor standardization, low transparency and repetitive work. As a result, information sharing and integration between departments and between superiors and subordinates can not be realized, and coordination and communication are difficult, which can not provide reliable basis for scientific decision-making of university leaders. However, electronic school affairs reduce intermediate links, make information transmission fast and simple, save a lot of errands, enable administrators to concentrate on information collection closely around the event itself, provide accurate and detailed information to decision makers in time, and help decision makers make the most correct judgment at the first time. In particular, before making decisions on major issues, it should be published or publicized on the Internet, so that faculty and students can participate in discussions extensively. Only after repeated and full deliberation can a relatively scientific decision be made. At the same time, electronic school affairs comprehensively process information, eliminating the false and retaining the true. When universities formulate policies and perform their functions, they will upload and enable relevant information and data so that university administrators can act correctly, make scientific judgments and make rational decisions, and serve teachers and students in an all-round way.
(C) electronic school affairs to promote the standardization of the administrative organization structure of colleges and universities
The construction of electronic school affairs makes the administrative organization structure of colleges and universities more standardized. The development of electronic school affairs has greatly changed the traditional administrative organization structure and operating mechanism mode of colleges and universities, thus affecting organizational behavior. The traditional administrative organization structure mode of colleges and universities is that the school divides the management scope and management level from top to bottom, so that some managers can only grasp a small amount of information. This organizational structure, management level and management scope are inversely proportional, that is, the wider the management scope, the less the management level, and vice versa. There is a top-down pyramid structure between the management levels of traditional universities, which is involuntary and relatively closed, and the transmission and exchange of information may be distorted. Different from traditional universities, Electronic University of China has built a new information dissemination and exchange mode based on network by using modern communication and information technology, thus forming a matrix organizational structure. On the basis of the traditional linear functional system, according to the requirements of products or tasks, several product or task departments are set horizontally, and the project department completes the organizational structure of specific tasks in the form of project teams by transferring the resources of functional departments. Because functional departments and project departments form a matrix-like form, this organizational structure is called matrix organizational structure. This organizational structure facilitates the horizontal transmission and exchange of information, changes the single mode of information transmission, and realizes multi-form, multi-level and all-round management mode and information resource sharing. The information released by the school is not only transmitted from top to bottom, but also between the administrative management and staff at the same level. In this way, senior managers and staff at different levels and departments can get information in time. In the transformation from traditional university to electronic university, it is necessary to make full use of communication technology and network technology to establish a powerful, safe, reliable and large-capacity electronic school management information system on the network, so that teachers, students and society can understand the organization, functions and workflow of the school. With the construction and improvement of electronic school affairs system in colleges and universities, schools interact with teachers and students through the network, listen to their opinions and suggestions, constantly adjust the administrative behavior of colleges and universities, and promote the improvement of administrative efficiency in colleges and universities. The establishment of electronic school affairs standardizes the organizational structure of colleges and universities in the following aspects: it promotes the adjustment of administrative organizational structure. It breaks the hierarchical structure and centralized management of traditional colleges and universities, reduces the management level of colleges and universities, improves the bloated organizational structure, realizes the development of administrative management of colleges and universities from pyramid structure to matrix organizational structure, and improves the information communication speed and work efficiency among various departments of the school.
Third, the conclusion