There are many aspects to be guided in graduation thesis, which can be summarized as the following aspects.

(A) Guide the topic selection

Topic selection is the beginning of graduation thesis writing. Whether you can choose the right topic is related to the success or failure of the whole graduation thesis writing. Just like walking, the tenth step is decisive, and the direction of the first step needs careful consideration. Otherwise, you may take many detours, take many twists and turns, or even do the opposite, making it difficult to reach your destination.

Guiding students to choose a topic should follow two basic principles: the first is the value principle, that is, the topic of the paper should be valuable. The value of the paper can be divided into theoretical value and application value, and the application value should be put in the first place when selecting the topic. The graduation thesis written by students is not a meaningless "air-to-air" word game, but comes from reality and serves it. To measure whether a paper is valuable, we should first look at the degree to which it can meet the needs of society. We should encourage students to choose meaningful topics from real life and write articles that can best guide and serve the current reality.

The second is the principle of feasibility. Subjective and objective conditions should be fully considered when selecting topics. The objective conditions are mainly the time, place and environment of writing; Subjective conditions include the author's talent, knowledge and materials. When choosing a topic for graduation thesis, students must consider their own subjective and objective conditions and do what they can. It is to choose those topics that are objectively needed and subjectively capable of completing.

(two) to guide the collection of materials

Material is the flesh and blood of an article, and without it, you can't write an article. Without detailed materials, the graduation thesis, like stereotyped Party writing criticized by Comrade Mao Zedong, is "full of empty words and nothing to say" and "as thin as a beggar".

Where does the writing material come from?

The first one comes from life. People's colorful life practice is an inexhaustible source of article writing. Lu Xun once said to young writers, "If you want to create later, you must first observe" and "read the living book" The World ". Party school students come from party and government organs, enterprises and institutions, and most of them have rich practical experience. Instructors should guide them to absorb writing materials from their own work practice and their own "life warehouse".

The second comes from books, including various documents, newspapers and magazines. In the Song Dynasty, Zhu Youshi said: "Open a square pond of half an acre, and the sky is high and the clouds are light. Ask where the canal is so clear because there is a source of living water. " This is about the benefits of reading. Books are the best teachers in life. If writers can often ask books for advice, the material of articles will be as endless as "flowing water from the source". Instructors usually read widely, browse various newspapers and find useful information, which can be recommended to students.

Collect information by yourself. The instructor can guide the students to make a catalogue of collected materials first. For the investigation materials, they can make a catalogue by time, place and object. If it is a document, the catalogue can be arranged according to the title and date of issue. We should focus on collecting first-hand information, and second-hand information should be found out and the original works should be checked.

(3) Guiding ideology

The idea is to establish the theme of the article. Theme is the core of the article, the "soul" and "commander in chief" of the article. The quality and value of an article are mainly measured by its theme.

Guiding students to conceive should follow the following principles:

First, it meets the needs of reality and embodies the spirit of the times. The article is a product of the times and a reflection of reality, and its theme should reflect the characteristics and development direction of that era. Therefore, graduation thesis should firmly grasp the pulse of the times and answer the sharpest, most urgent and most realistic questions raised by the times in order to promote social development.

Second, reflect the essence of objective things. The article is an understanding and reflection of objective things, but it does not reflect reality mechanically like a mirror, but rather reflects some essence of objective things and reveals their inherent laws.

Third, we must have original opinions. Only original opinions can inspire, excite and benefit people. What is "original opinion"? It is the thoughts, understandings, viewpoints and propositions of "what people have not seen, what people have not done" and "what people remember, what people write". The key to gaining original insights is to think more. Secondly, we should have courage and dare to be unconventional. Instructors should guide students to stand at the height of the times, go deep into the essence of things, think deeply and establish practical significance; A theme with unique insights and theoretical depth.

(D) Guide the layout of the article

The so-called layout of the article is to consider and arrange the overall structure of the article. Structure is the skeleton of the article. Determine the theme, select the material, and then build the framework of the article.

The basic requirements of the layout structure are: (1) arranging the structure around the theme; (2) There should be a clear and definite hierarchy; (3) Be complete, natural and rigorous.

Instructors should guide students to arrange the structure reasonably according to the content of the article, so as to be central, hierarchical, round, focused, rigorous and natural, and full of changes.

(five) to guide the drafting

Drafting the first draft is the most important step in writing an article, the stage of "building" according to the "blueprint" of design, and the process of realizing the author's conception in the form of words.

(six) to guide the revision work.

Revision is an essential step before the article is finalized. The article is a reflection of objective things, with complicated twists and turns, and it is impossible to reflect it correctly at once. Therefore, it needs to be constantly revised and improved.

How to instruct students to revise graduation thesis?

1. Consider the theme.

The theme is the value of the article. The theme should be correct, vivid, profound, concentrated and novel. If there is something wrong with the theme, it must be changed.

2. Weigh the tree materials.

There should be neither too little nor too much content in the newspaper. Only when the materials are informative and the arguments are sufficient can the paper be convincing. Too little material will make the article appear empty; Too many materials, vague views and lack of theory are also defects. Therefore, after the students' first draft is written, the teacher should guide the students, re-evaluate the materials and make necessary additions and deletions.

3. adjust the structure.

Check whether the structure of the article is reasonable. The so-called unreasonable structure is manifested in numerous messy clues, unclear levels, unclear or wrong key determination, inverted internal order, and lack of care from beginning to end. Through adjustment, the article should be clear in level, rigorous in structure, round in beginning and end, and integrated.

4. temper the language.

The graduation thesis written by some students is rough in writing, complicated in language, monotonous in sentence pattern and full of empty talk. In this regard, it must be revised. Lu Xun said: "It is not a pity to read it at least twice after writing and try to delete unnecessary words, sentences and paragraphs." We should learn from Lu Xun's rigorous attitude.

(seven) to guide the defense

Defense is the final "acceptance" stage of graduation thesis, which aims to understand the depth and authenticity of students' research on the selected topic, guide students to further study the topic, and make the final revision and supplement to the graduation thesis to make it more perfect.

Before the defense, the instructor should ask the students to have a correct attitude and prepare for the defense.

Second, the guidance method

There are many kinds of guidance methods for graduation thesis tutors. Generally speaking, we should adhere to heuristic and indoctrination. Specifically, there are the following methods:

1. Inspire students to think independently. Tutors only guide the principled issues in graduation thesis, and cannot write or correct them instead of students. Attention should be paid to giving full play to students' enthusiasm, initiative and creativity. Tutors should ensure the ideological and scientific nature of graduation thesis. Students should be responsible for the specific viewpoints, arguments, data and logic of the paper.

2. Tutors should give students methodological guidance, explain the essentials of writing graduation thesis, and inspire students to write papers independently.

3. Instructors should inspire students to express their independent opinions with an equal and democratic discussion attitude, instead of copying books and materials. In the process of thesis writing, we should cultivate students' specific methods and excellent style of study and writing.

4. Guide and urge students to write the specific progress plan of graduation thesis, overcome the difficulties in the writing process and complete the topic selection. The form of guidance should be less back-to-back communication. Because face-to-face criticism and face-to-face writing are easier to go deep into students' hearts and let them know not only why but also why. Before teaching, teachers should carefully read and correct students' papers (draft).

; When guiding, you should emphasize why you want to write like this, not like that. As for what to change specifically, you should let the students change it themselves.