1, the performance of the lack of integrity in today's society

Social integrity mainly includes personal integrity, enterprise integrity and government integrity. The lack of social integrity is largely manifested in not telling the truth, not keeping promises, not having credibility, practicing fraud and so on. The lack of personal integrity has penetrated into all aspects of people's lives, such as lies, fake diplomas, fake documents, fake invoices, fake lottery tickets, cheating in exams, tax evasion, insurance fraud, false advertisements, fake ball whistle, fake drugs and so on. According to People's Daily, in recent years, China has repeatedly banned the infringement of intellectual property rights. Piracy accounts for a considerable proportion of books, periodicals and audio-visual products that people buy. According to the investigation of the antique market in Beijing and Shenyang, some stalls are full of fakes.

In economic activities, the phenomenon that enterprises do not pay attention to honesty is more prominent, which is mainly manifested as follows: First, enterprises do not keep their promises and maliciously evade bank debts. Second, enterprises do not talk about credibility and are in arrears with each other. Third, the enterprise breaches the contract seriously and uses the contract to cheat. Fourth, the financial information of enterprises is seriously distorted. Fifth, counterfeiting is prevalent and counterfeiting is rampant.

The lack of government integrity is mainly manifested in the changeable policies of some regions and departments, bad faith, arbitrary and black-box operation. There are still some cadres, especially some leading cadres, who practise fraud and cheat the superiors and subordinates. Not long ago, Ren Keli, head of the inspection team of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Central Organization Department, published an article entitled "The danger now is to breed corruption and not tell the truth", proposing that "not telling the truth" should be solved as a serious problem.

2, the harm of lack of social integrity

First of all, the lack of honesty seriously affects the healthy operation of China's market economy. After more than 20 years of reform and opening up, China has embarked on the road of market economy from planned economy. Market economy is a legal economy and a credit economy. Legal system and credit are the two cornerstones of market economy. Under the condition of natural economy, the relationship between people is basically an "acquaintance relationship" because of less communication activities, narrow geographical area and small production scale, and there is generally no fear of mutual dishonesty. In the market economy environment, with the rapid expansion and improvement of production scale, market scope, communication level and communication frequency, credit, as the basis of all trading activities, will inevitably be recognized and observed by people. Because only the promises and promises made by both sides on the basis of mutual trust can enable both sides to obtain goods, services and currency without paying cash, thus promoting economic development. The lack of good faith, on the one hand, leads to the lack of trust of the other party, which limits the development of the transaction subject itself, on the other hand, it is forced to increase transaction costs to prevent transaction risks, which makes economic activities shrink, operating efficiency is low and even bankruptcy. Most importantly, it has caused the interruption and destruction of the social credit chain and destroyed the market mechanism and market economic rules.

Secondly, the lack of honesty seriously affects social stability. Fake and shoddy, cheating, causing countless personal physical and mental injuries, how many families are bankrupt, and a large number of enterprises are struggling; The act of dishonesty has seriously damaged the economic order, and the safety of consumers' lives and property can not be guaranteed, which makes consumers lose confidence and trust in society and the government; Breach of trust makes some people get rich by cheating, which also aggravates the unfair distribution of social wealth and leads to people's strong dissatisfaction with society and government.

Third, the lack of honesty corrupts the social atmosphere. The lack of social integrity leads people to distrust each other, guard against each other, and it is more difficult to communicate with each other, and it is more difficult to sympathize with, care for and help others. What's more, dishonesty can't be effectively stopped, which harms the interests of many honest and trustworthy people. The thought of "honest people suffer" is dominant, and the moral hazard of the whole society increases and the moral level declines.

Fourth, the lack of good faith has seriously affected the international competitiveness of China enterprises, and also seriously damaged the national reputation. According to statistics, in international trade, China's cash transactions reach 80%, and credit transactions only account for about 20%. The backward settlement method has seriously hindered the expansion of trade and the development of enterprises, and greatly weakened the competitiveness of enterprises in China. In addition, because some enterprises and individuals in our country make counterfeit products, enterprises and consumers in some countries have doubts and boycotts on our products, which has also greatly damaged our international image. Moore, Director-General of WTO, hit the nail on the head and pointed out that in the long run, what China lacks most is not capital, technology and talents, but credit and the mechanism to establish and improve the credit system.

3. Explore the reasons for the lack of social integrity

There are many reasons for the lack of social integrity. There are both historical and practical reasons; There are both economic and social reasons; There are both institutional reasons and management education reasons; There are both external environmental reasons and personal reasons. I think the specific reasons are mainly:

The first is the influence of the "Cultural Revolution" and previous political movements. New China is a new system born out of the old society. In order to thoroughly eliminate the ideological influence of feudal society for thousands of years, many large-scale liquidations and criticisms have been made on old ideas, old cultures and old traditions since liberation, including many successful aspects and some painful lessons. In particular, the Cultural Revolution destroyed many fine traditions. When criticizing and abandoning the dross of feudal thought, many excellent traditional virtues of the Chinese nation have also been lost. Telling the truth and seeking truth from facts have been attacked and criticized, and it is beneficial to be praised for cheating. At the same time, under the influence of planned economy system and feudal ideology, people either lack independent personality or are forced to express their thoughts and wishes truly, so they have to lie against their will. Over time, social integrity is naturally destroyed.

Second, the virtualization of moral education. Traditional morality, especially Confucianism, regards honesty as very important, but it only or mainly stays at the moral level, only or mainly focuses on personal introspection, and the requirements and design of practical level and social constraints are insufficient, which leads to the weakness of honesty education. For example, stories like "The Wolf is Coming" and "The Warlord Playing with Fire" teach people not to lie or cheat, and no one really takes them seriously. Nowadays, moral education, including honesty, is often a mere formality, lacking in substance, pertinence and effective measures. In particular, the requirements and contents of moral education are seriously divorced from reality, and what educators say and do are inconsistent, which leads to the disapproval of the educated and greatly weakens the effect of moral education.

Third, the vague understanding of market economy. In the process of learning and introducing the market economy system of western developed countries, some people think that the market economy is closely related to the ideology and morality of capitalism, while the ideology of capitalist society is decadent and backward, so some reasonable ideas closely related to the market economy, such as credit, are denied and excluded when learning the market economy model. Others believe that the market economy is a legal economy, and as long as there are legal guarantees and institutional constraints, moral concepts such as integrity are not very important in the market economy. In fact, the rule of law and honesty are two wheels of the market economy, and credit is the foundation and lifeline of the market economy. Without the legal system, the market economy will be chaotic, without the contract, the market economy will be unworthy of its name; But without good faith, the law will be greatly discounted and the contract will become a dead letter.

Fourth, individualism is expanding and greed is suffocating. In the era of planned economy, the emphasis is on "one university and two universities", "selfish, patentee", which requires absolute obedience to the organization and no personal interests. Since the reform and opening up, the socialist market economic system has been established, people have obtained the status of independent economic man, their personal interests have been fully respected, and the maximization of interests has become the highest principle and the biggest goal that people follow. Some people's money worship and individualism are expanding day by day, and they do not hesitate to cheat and cheat in order to pursue their own self-interest, which leads to the contradiction and conflict between the principle of maximizing interests and ethical concepts and impacts social integrity.

Fifth, the market economic system is not perfect. Due to the large number and rapid change of market economy activities, and the failure to realize the open, fair and fast and effective transmission of information, the information between the two parties in the transaction is seriously asymmetric, which provides an opportunity for dishonesty and fraud; Due to the increase of social mobility and the uncertainty of market transactions, faithless people have a social environment to engage in fraud and escape punishment. At the same time, the government still lacks a perfect system in market access, market management, market supervision, information feedback and many other aspects. And there are no effective measures to punish those who break their promises. The reasons for the existence and spread of dishonesty are that some government workers, especially administrative law enforcement personnel, have low management methods and their own quality, and the role of social intermediary organizations and public opinion environment is not enough.

Sixth, the law is not perfect, and it is not effective in cracking down on those who break promises. In the United States, there are more than a dozen laws on good faith, which have clear and specific legal provisions on credit requirements in different aspects and links, and have also formulated severe punishment measures. For fraud, the United States can impose a maximum fine of $5 million, plus 10 years in prison, while the compensation for fraud in China's Consumer Law is only twice. In recent years, China has made a lot of efforts in market economy legislation and made remarkable progress, but it is not perfect and concrete enough, especially the punishment for social dishonesty is not enough, which makes the untrustworthy dare to break the law.

4. Countermeasures for building a credible society

The reconstruction of social integrity must rely on the joint efforts of the whole society. The report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated? Focus on honesty and trustworthiness and strengthen the ideological and moral construction of the whole society. President Hu and other central leading comrades have repeatedly emphasized the extreme importance of strengthening the building of a clean government on different occasions. Through long-term unremitting efforts, we will build a concept of social integrity that adapts to the socialist market economy, coordinates with the socialist legal system, reflects the requirements of advanced socialist culture, faces the world, faces the future and faces modernization.

First, strengthen moral education and spiritual civilization construction. * * * To build an honest society, we should start with everyone and every little thing. Through various effective ways, we should educate and help all citizens to firmly establish the concept that honesty is a kind of wealth, and credit that is not easy to establish is easy to lose; Make people truly realize that sincerity and trustworthiness are the basic qualities and characters that modern people should have; Really understand that under the condition of market economy, only by establishing the moral quality of honesty and trustworthiness can we adapt to the requirements of social life and realize our own life value. Really regard the requirement of honesty as a means of profit and development, as a sacred mission and an inherent obligation. It is necessary to educate all kinds of entrepreneurs to realize that the more developed the market economy is, the more it is necessary to strengthen credit ethics, which is a prerequisite for integrating into the world economy and participating in international competition. Only trustworthy enterprises can gain public trust, have a good environment to engage in business activities and improve the efficiency of enterprises. Minors are in the stage of ideological formation, so we should attach great importance to their moral cultivation. Through various forms of educational activities, let students understand the basic content of honesty, understand that honesty is the basic principle of being a man, and firmly establish the moral concept of being proud of keeping promises and ashamed of breaking promises; Cultivate students' habit of being honest, helpful, consistent in words and deeds, and not telling lies; Cultivate students' character of doing what they say, courageously taking due responsibility when encountering mistakes, and correcting when they know the mistakes. Schools should take the initiative to work closely with families and communities to improve the integrity of primary and secondary school students. It is necessary to strengthen the ideological and moral education for college students and strengthen the moral practice activities of all kinds of students. Leaders and teaching staff of education administrative departments at all levels should strengthen professional ethics education and put honesty and trustworthiness in the first place in their educational behavior. All organs and units should also carry out moral education activities in various ways according to their own characteristics. We should give full play to the role of women's federations, youth leagues, trade unions and other mass organizations, make full use of typical cases and figures about honesty in real life, let people really feel the importance of honesty to a person's growth, and strive to form a good atmosphere of "everyone knows honesty and everyone stresses honesty" in the whole society. We should vigorously carry out moral education practice activities such as no fake goods in 100 cities, no fake goods in 100 stores, the selection of honest enterprises and honest citizens, and the construction of honest areas, so that people can be educated in extensive participation.

Second, improve the legal system, increase the punishment, and make the untrustworthy unprofitable. It is not enough to rely solely on moral norms to prevent dishonesty. It is also necessary to establish a set of laws, regulations, systems and guidelines to manage the relationship between social citizens and market subjects, bring social integrity into the legal track, form a legal environment with laws to follow, investigate and enforce laws strictly, and maintain and cultivate a good market credit order. According to the reality of our country, we should promulgate and formulate laws and regulations to regulate credit management as soon as possible, establish and improve the punishment mechanism for dishonesty, and increase the punishment for dishonesty. For example, those who manufacture and sell counterfeit food, medicines, household appliances, etc. Those who directly endanger consumers' life safety and physical and mental health shall be punished as intentional homicide and intentional injury; Amend Article 49 of the Consumer Law to increase the amount of compensation for the production and sale of fake and shoddy goods or services to 100 times, and at the same time, if operators, wholesalers (intermediaries) and producers commit fraudulent acts in providing goods or services, they shall be subject to combined punishment. Government departments should establish and improve the relevant disciplinary system for dishonesty according to their own characteristics. For example, the industrial and commercial departments should not only impose fines on those who make and sell fakes, but also give them a record of dishonesty in addition to financial penalties. Those whose circumstances are bad or who refuse to mend their ways after repeated education are restricted from engaging in commercial activities for life; Other departments should blacklist people who are not honest, and in addition to punishment, they will be disqualified many times. Through severe sanctions, the economic cost of faithless people will be increased, making them unprofitable, thus playing a deterrent role.

Third, strengthen the construction of information network, so that those who break their promises have nowhere to hide. It is necessary to establish a collection and disclosure mechanism of credit information of various enterprises, organizations and individuals, establish a unified centralized or three-level credit database of government, industry and credit intermediaries, and provide and publish credit information to the whole society in a timely and effective manner. Vigorously develop social credit intermediary organizations to provide customers with standardized credit information service and credit evaluation service. Through the networking of credit information, the untrustworthy has nowhere to hide and can take advantage of it.

Fourth, strengthen supervision by public opinion, and discredit those who have lost their faith. Supervision by public opinion is an important way for all citizens to gain the right to know and participate in the management and supervision of state and social affairs. It is also an important force to strengthen the construction of socialist democratic politics, maintain the healthy development of market economic order and carry forward socialist ideology and morality. It has played an irreplaceable role in exposing market fraud and fraudulent behavior and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of citizens and consumers. The news media should give full play to the role of public opinion supervision, promote the formation of a better atmosphere of honesty in society by praising the honest and condemning the faithless, make the faithless become "rats crossing the street" and increase the moral cost of the faithless.

Fifth, the government and leading cadres should set an example and improve their credibility. Government integrity is the core and key of social integrity, and the credibility of the government has a great impact on the whole society. To be honest in society, first of all, the government should set an example and the leaders should set an example. Any government and system should be organized and built according to the principle of good faith, and cadres at all levels should exercise their functions and powers according to the principle of good faith. Once it deviates from the principle and spirit of honesty, the government will lose its trust in the people. Historically, Confucius believed that building people's trust in the government was even more important than having a strong army and adequate food. Xunzi also believes that the country is strong if the decree wins the trust of the people, and the country is weak if the decree is untrustworthy. In modern society, the construction of political civilization requires standardizing the behavior of the government and its officials according to the principle of good faith, increasing the transparency of government behavior, avoiding administrative monopoly and black-box operation of administrative work, making government affairs open, administering according to law, and establishing an honest government. Government departments should further change their concepts, functions and styles. We should really liberate ourselves from the traditional practice of attaching importance to examination and approval but neglecting supervision, from the management mode of attaching importance to fees and neglecting services, from the selfish departmentalism of attaching importance to parts and neglecting the overall situation, and change from "management-oriented" to service-oriented and efficient government as soon as possible. We should conscientiously implement the administrative licensing law, adhere to the principle of good faith, further enhance the credibility of administrative law enforcement departments and win the trust of the people. Organizational departments should regard honesty as an important content of evaluating cadres.

As a scientific moral category, honesty is the product of modern society. In modern society, the marketization and globalization of economy, the democratization and legalization of politics, the diversification of culture and the modernization of communication methods all highlight the value of honesty and require its practice. Strengthening the construction of honesty depends on education and the rule of law, and more importantly, the practice of the whole society.