First of all, from the purpose, academic papers are mainly to promote the development of disciplines, solve an academic problem or put forward new theoretical viewpoints. It requires rigorous research methods, accurate data support and in-depth understanding of related fields. Popular science articles mainly let the public know about scientific knowledge and improve scientific literacy. Its purpose is to popularize scientific knowledge and let more people understand and accept it.
Secondly, from the content point of view, academic papers usually contain a large number of technical terms and complex theories, which require readers to have a certain professional knowledge background to understand. However, popular science articles try to use easy-to-understand language and avoid too many technical terms, so that readers without professional background can understand them.
Furthermore, from the perspective of writing style, academic papers are usually more serious and formal, and follow strict format and citation rules. Popular science articles are more vivid and interesting, focusing on attracting readers' attention and making readers have fun in the process of reading.
Finally, from the audience, the readers of academic papers are mainly academic experts and researchers, who have in-depth understanding and evaluation ability of the contents of the papers. The readers of popular science articles are the general public, who may know little about related fields or even have no basic knowledge.
Generally speaking, the main difference between academic papers and popular science articles lies in the purpose, content, writing style and audience, but both are important ways to spread scientific knowledge.