Original text:
Zhuangzi and Keiko swim on Haoliang.
Zhuang Zhou [pre-Qin]
Zhuangzi and Keiko play together on Hao's bridge. Zhuangzi said: "It is a pleasure for small fish to wander around." Keiko said, "You are not a fish. How can you know that fish are happy?" ? Zhuangzi said, "You are not me. How do you know that I don't know that fish are happy?" " ? " Keiko said: "I am not a son, I really don't know my son;" Children are not fish, children don't know the happiness of fish, everything! " Zhuangzi said, "Please follow its source. Confucius said, "You know a lot about fish." He asked me because he knew what I knew. I know it very well. "
Translation:
Zhuangzi and Hui Shi are playing on Haoshui Bridge. Zhuangzi said, "How leisurely the small fish swim in the river is the happiness of the fish." Hui Shi said, "If you are not a fish, how do you know the happiness of the fish?" Zhuangzi said, "If you are not me, how do you know that I don't know the happiness of fish?" Hui Shi said: "I am not you, although I don't know you;" You are not a fish, you don't know the happiness of fish, that's for sure! Zhuangzi said, "Please trace the origin of the topic. If you say' where do you know that fish are happy', it means that you already know that I know that fish are happy and are asking me. You will know it on a bridge with good water. "
Precautions:
Haoliang: A bridge over Haoshui. Hao, Mingshui, is now Fengyang, Anhui.
Calm: calm.
Tiao: a silvery white fish among freshwater fish, which likes to swim under the water. It is about 16cm long, also known as shad.
Yes: this one.
Sure (I don't know children); Originally (children are not fish).
All: complete, complete.
Tracing back to the source: tracing back to the origin of the topic. Follow: trace back. It's, the title. Ben: At first.
You know the music of fish: How (where) do you know that fish are happy?
Yun: What if ... Ann? Where is it?
Ann: interrogative pronouns, how, where.
Appreciate:
This article is taken from Autumn Water.
Autumn Water is another long story in Zhuangzi. The first two words are titled, and the center is to discuss how people should know foreign things. The whole article consists of two parts. The first part describes the dialogue between Poseidon and the river god in Beihai, which is the main part of this paper. Six fables are written in the second half, each of which is self-contained and unrelated, and has no structural connection with the previous part of Poseidon's dialogue with the river god, which is of little help to the expression of the whole theme and appears detached.
Zhuangzi and Keiko swim in Haoliang, relaxed and poetic. Discuss Tao with strength and discuss Tao with technology; One is seeking truth, the other is seeking beauty; One is rigid and the other is detached; Let people smile and meditate for a long time after reading it.
Keiko is argumentative and analytical. Have a cognitive attitude towards things, focusing on the discussion of knowledge; Zhuangzi argued with wisdom and attached importance to appreciation. Have an appreciation attitude towards the outside world, impose subjective goodwill on external things, and produce empathy. If Keiko has the personality of a logician, then Zhuangzi has the style of an artist.
Question query:
1. Zhuangzi thinks that "swimming" fish is very happy. What kind of mood did he show?
A: Zhuangzi thinks that the "happiness" of fish is actually the projection and externalization of his happy mood.
2. No matter who wins or loses, we can see the differences between Zhuangzi and Keiko in thought, character and temperament, and analyze their personalities.
A: Keiko likes to debate, and is good at analysis and cognition. Have a cognitive attitude towards things, focusing on the discussion of knowledge.
Zhuangzi argued wisely, attached importance to appreciation and held an artistic attitude towards things. For the understanding of the outside world, with an appreciative attitude, subjective goodwill is imposed on external things, resulting in empathy. If Keiko has the personality of a logician, then Zhuangzi has the style of an artist.
This argument has been debated for a long time. Who has the upper hand in this debate?
A: Logically speaking, Keiko has the upper hand. Because Zhuangzi is arguing irrationally; Formally speaking, Zhuangzi has the upper hand. Because after Zhuangzi said Keiko, there is nothing to refute.
4. What do you think of the relationship between Zhuangzi and Keiko?
A: Zhuangzi's broad-minded mind regards wealth and splendor as a lost thing. Its superb interest in life naturally transcends the crowd and the community. It is no wonder that in his eyes, "the world is heavy and turbid, and he does not talk to Zhuang." In this case, we have to "communicate with the spirit of heaven and earth alone". It's really not easy for a brilliant person like Zhuangzi to find one or two bosom friends. I'm afraid there won't be any other friends besides Keiko. They are all argumentative essays, and their eloquence is extremely sharp; They are also very knowledgeable and have a strong passion for exploring knowledge.
About the author:
Zhuangzi (about 369 BC-about 286 BC), surnamed Zhuang and Zhou, was a Mongolian in the Song Dynasty during the Warring States Period. In the mid-Warring States period, the representative of Taoist school, thinker, philosopher and writer, the founder of Zhuangzi, also known as "Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi". The earliest thought of "sage inside and king outside" had a far-reaching influence on Confucianism. He deeply understood Zhouyi and pointed out that "the Book of Changes takes the way of Yin and Yang", and his thought of "three tones" is consistent with the way of three talents in Zhouyi. His imagination is extremely rich, his language is freely used and flexible, and he can make subtle and unspeakable philosophy fascinating. The representative work is Zhuangzi, among which the famous articles are Free Travel, On Wuqi, Master of Health Care, etc. His works are called "the philosophy of literature, the literature of philosophy". It is said that Zhuangzi tried to live in seclusion in Nanhua Mountain and was buried in Nanhua Mountain. Therefore, at the beginning of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was named a South China True Man, and his book Zhuangzi was regarded as the South China True Classic.