[solve the problem]

This is a narrative, mainly about Carl, a famous zoologist and a researcher at the Chicago Museum of Natural History. Dr Schmidt completed a special experiment at the cost of his life. One day, Carl? Schmidt was bitten by a poisonous snake when he was studying the giant poisonous snake. He endured severe pain, carefully recorded the physiological reaction after being bitten by a poisonous snake for five hours, and finally gave his life. His records have become valuable scientific research materials, which has made a big step forward in the study of rescuing people bitten by poisonous snakes. This incident reflects Carl? Schmidt's earnest and realistic scientific research character praised the lofty spirit of scientists who bravely sacrificed for scientific research and human health.

The title is "Report on Blood Staining Experiment", which summarizes the content of the article with a radical phrase. "Experimental report" is the expression form of scientific research achievements, and it is a report style that describes and records the whole process and results of a research project. Specifically, it is mainly through experimental methods to observe, analyze, synthesize and judge, and truthfully record in writing. This is the experimental report. Carl. Schmidt's experiment on treating snake bites is based on himself. His research and records were carried out in the process of unbearable pain and dying after being bitten by a snake. Finally died for scientific research. His record is an experimental report. This is an experimental report at the cost of life, and it is written in blood, so it is called "blood staining experimental report".

[structural analysis]

There are five natural paragraphs in this paper, which can be divided into two parts in content.

The first part (paragraph 1), for Karl? Schmidt gave a brief introduction.

The second part (paragraphs 2 ~ 5) describes Karl? Special time, place and reason of Schmidt report. This is the course of events. The second paragraph is Carl? Schmidt concentrated on studying the American giant viper in the laboratory and explained the background of the incident. In the third paragraph, the old scientist was bitten by a poisonous snake. In the fourth paragraph, the old scientist wrote in detail that he knew he was going to die and was determined to leave information about people's feelings and physiological reactions after being bitten by poisonous snakes, so he endured the pain and made a tenacious record. The fifth paragraph describes that the old scientist recorded the "experiment" until he stopped breathing, and also describes the great significance of this record in the history of medicine.

[Semantic understanding]

"Carl, a researcher and famous zoologist at the Chicago Museum of Natural History? Dr. Schmidt is one of the people who died for Qian Qian's scientific career. "

The sentence begins with "Chicago" and points out that Carl? Schmidt is an American scientist. The Report of Blood Staining Experiment was written in Chicago, USA. "Forgetting death at the risk of one's life", sacrificing one's life for a noble cause. Scientific cause is a great cause for human beings to understand and transform the objective world, and it is a cause for the benefit of mankind, so it is a lofty cause. Scientific research is always risky, from economic loss to physical injury to loss of life. Great and just scientists in history are people who dare to take risks. They are willing to contribute to science and are not afraid of sacrifice. Carl. Schmidt is also a scientist dedicated to science.

"This snake is big and gray, curled up in a cage, like a coiled rope, with five or six turns. Its small head is held high, its slender tongue is spit out from time to time, and its triangular eyes are shining with frightening light."

In a word, the fierce image of giant poisonous snakes is outlined in detail. Clauses 3, 4 and 5 say that the snake is big, and it is five or six times in the cage, indicating that the snake is very long. The size of a snake is related to its length. Snakes are long, strong and powerful. Articles 6, 7 and 8 describe the ferocity of poisonous snakes. It is restless in its cage, always ready to attack humans. Snakes have poor eyesight and know their surroundings mainly by their long tongues. The tongue nerve of a snake is extremely acute, and it can accurately perceive the nature, size and distance of objects around it, and make judgments on its predation and attack. From time to time, from time to time, constantly. The giant snake in this cage, with its head held high and its tongue sticking out frequently, is just a sign of judging the surrounding situation and a symbol of being ready to attack at any time. Snakes are big, poisonous and powerful, always ready to attack. Naturally, their eyes give people a ferocious feeling. The description of the vicious image of the snake laid the groundwork for the old scientist behind to be bitten by the snake. Snakes are so fierce and dangerous that people who come near may get hurt at any time. The old scientist completely ignored it, and even took it to observe and take snake blood for testing. He is fearless of scientific research.

"Mr. Schmidt felt a sharp pain in the wound, his limbs were numb and his body could not move. He knew that he was poisoned by snake venom ... "

The venom of poisonous snakes is mainly in snake teeth. When a poisonous snake bites, it will bite the muscle and release the venom at the same time. Snake venom is mostly nerve venom, which is highly toxic. After snake venom enters the blood, it first anesthetizes the nerves, making people unable to move, then makes the body organs lose their functions, and finally the brain is congested and dies. Schmidt, as a zoologist who studies snakes, certainly knows these common sense. When he felt a sharp pain in the wound and his limbs were numb, he knew that he had been poisoned by snake venom.

"He thought,' That's it, won't you die? Don't! "What shall I do ..." "

These psychological descriptions of Schmidt after being bitten by a snake truly depict the old scientist's mentality before his sacrifice. He knew that he was poisoned, and after the phone couldn't get through, he knew that no one could save him, and there was only one result, and that was "death." But the perseverance and dedication forged by years of scientific research practice made him fearless in times of crisis. He thinks he was bitten by a snake. This is a special experiment-an experiment on the theme of "physiological response to snake bite" with his own body as the experimental object. So he said "no" decisively and firmly in his mind, and he wanted to "do something more ..." The ellipsis was used here, although the meaning was not clear, but it made people understand that it was to record the physiological phenomena and feelings after the snake bite and leave research materials for future generations. These psychology are the powerful internal motivation for the old scientist to keep records until his death, and they are the reflection of his noble personality.

"After being bitten by a snake for five hours, Carl? The pen in Dr Schmidt's hand fell to the ground and he stopped breathing. "

"After five hours" shows the length of time. You can imagine how much pain the old scientists have to endure for a long time, and you can also guess how difficult it is for the old scientists to record their experiments. It is not difficult for readers to know from the above that he wrote down the changes of body temperature, organ function, blood and physical strength. This is a record of pain and the gradual disappearance of consciousness. Carl. What a strong scientific researcher Schmidt is and what a noble and convincing figure he is! The sentence does not directly say "dead", but "the pen in his hand fell to the ground", which shows that the old scientist studied until his death and insisted on recording it to the last moment of his life. This also reflects that the author can't bear to use the word "dead" to describe this respectable scientist.

[Writing characteristics]

1. Novel title.

It is a common method to summarize the content of an article with short sentences or short sentences. This method is not adopted in this paper. On the one hand, the author knows that the title is the eye of the article and also a kind of packaging of the article. Only by being creative and making headline novels can we have great power to attract readers. On the other hand, the article is praising an outstanding scientist, whose dying behavior is engaged in scientific research, and his physiological reaction record after being bitten by a snake is a simple scientific research report, written with blood and life. Therefore, the author draws up the topic by analogy. This title can arouse readers' strong reading expectation, subtly reflect the persistent character of the old scientist, and express the author's respect, admiration and commemoration for the old scientist.

2. The curved pen and the straight pen cooperate with each other.

This is also the author's artistic skill. Qubi, euphemistic expression; Write directly and express directly. The combination of curved pen and straight pen makes the article vivid, durable and more expressive. For example, 1 paragraph, just write Carl? Schmidt's achievements give readers a general understanding of the contributions of the old scientists from the beginning. "At the age of 67, he completed a special experiment at the cost of his life", setting suspense, which not only deducted the topic, but also promoted people's reading. In the second paragraph, describing the ferocity of snakes is a tune. There is not a word in the whole paragraph that directly describes the ferocity of snakes, nor does it mean that they are poisonous snakes. But in the specific description of snake's color, body length, head, tongue and eyes, let readers realize that snake is a fierce poisonous snake. The article eulogizes the supreme character of the old scientist and his contribution to mankind, which is realized by writing about the extraordinary performance of the old scientist after his injury.

Teaching suggestion

[Teaching objectives]

1. Understand the content of the text and learn the great spirit of this old scientist who has made selfless contributions to the scientific cause.

2. Read the text correctly, fluently and emotionally.

3. Know 8 new words and write 12 new words.

[Teaching Emphasis and Difficulties]

1. Through the understanding of the detailed description of the article, we can realize the great spirit of selfless dedication of this old scientist.

2. Understand the verbs "head, dish, spit, roll and lift" and use them accurately.

[Teaching preparation]

Video clips of South American poisonous snakes.

[Teaching time]

This course is recommended to be taught for 2 class hours.

[operation points]

1. Reading guide.

(1) scenario introduction.

Play the video of South American poisonous snakes. Students, what words do you think of when you see these pictures?

Open the book and see how the text describes the snake.

Read this sentence together.

What a terrible poisonous snake, many people died because of its bite. In order to study ways to resist this poisonous snake and benefit mankind, many scientists use it for experiments to uncover the secret of its toxicity. Carl. Dr Schmidt is one of them. Unfortunately, when he was experimenting with this poisonous snake, he was accidentally bitten by it. What kind of situation is that? Please read the text freely and imagine the scene while reading.

(2) Intensive reading of the text.

(1) Which paragraphs of the text specifically describe the scene where the doctor takes notes?

(2) Call the students with higher reading level to read paragraphs 4 and 5.

(3) Talk about "seeing" what happened in the lab. What is your strongest feeling?

Focus on the word "as usual": first, is this experiment really as usual, second, what aspects are as usual, and third, why doctors can behave as usual in this experiment.

⑤ Guide the reading of paragraphs 4 and 5.

(3) Passion promotion and expression extension.

This information will help the study of poisonous snakes, which is bought with life, so the author of the text gives such admiration-read the last sentence together.

2. Accumulate and internalize.

(1) Write down what you want to say to the doctor most.

(2) Complete the word selection and fill in the blanks.

3. Migration exercise.

(1) Read the new words.

It can be divided into pictophonetic characters and familiar words with radicals.

(2) Guide writing.

Guiding key points: first, words that are easy to write wrong, such as "bo", are easy to misspell as ""; One is words with left and right structures, such as "injury, fear, skin, dryness". The left is small and the right is large, and the structural arrangement should be reasonable.

4. Practical activities.

Guide students to find some stories about scientists who have contributed to the scientific cause and even sacrificed their lives to read.