How much do you know about bearing processing? This is the research direction of mechanics. The following is my carefully prepared bearing processing paper, which can refer to the following contents!
By optimizing the structure of thrust joint bearing and improving the processing technology, the reliability of thrust joint bearing and the service performance of freight cars can be improved.
Key words: thrust joint bearing; Structural design improvement; Improvement of processing technology; usability
With the rapid growth of the output of large-tonnage trucks, the demand for automotive thrust joint bearings is also increasing year by year, and the market sales prospect of thrust joint bearings is very promising. However, at present, there are some defects in the service life of bearings, which can not meet the performance requirements of trucks. Therefore, it is imperative to optimize the structure and improve the processing technology of thrust joint bearings.
I. Process Characteristics and Process Route
1, process characteristics
(1) The bearing bears more load than the bearing on a common truck, and the outer ring of the bearing is thin, easy to deform and difficult to process.
(2) It is difficult to process the "well" shaped oil groove on the surface of the outer raceway of the bearing. The edge of the oil groove should ensure sufficient strength and certain wear resistance, and the oil line of the oil groove should be smooth without burrs.
2, process route
Through the trial production of GAC 1 10SK thrust joint bearing and many structural and technological improvements, an effective scheme is summarized.
2. 1 outer turning processing technology
The bearing housing is shown in Figure 2. 1. Turn small outside diameter →2. Finish turning outside diameter and base surface →3. Rough turning outer raceway and finish turning non-base surface →4. Finish turning outer raceway and chamfer R surface →5. Turn the other end r surface →6. Outside diameter of soft grinding →7. Extrusion axial oil groove →8. Turn the longitudinal oil groove →9. Deburring and chamfering of outer and inner diameters 45 →
Shell grinding process
1. Grinding non-base surface (small end face) →2. Grinding base surface (large end surface) →3. Rough grinding outer diameter →4. Fine grinding outside diameter →5. Rough grinding outer raceway →6. Fine grinding outer raceway →7. Grinding outside diameter →8. Phosphating treatment.
2.2.3 Machining Technology of Internal Lathe
The bearing inner sleeve is shown in Figure 3. 1. Small inside and outside diameter →2. Finish turning inner diameter and end face →3. Finishing base surface with internal chamfer →4. Rough turning in raceway →5. Finishing in raceway →6. Soft grinding plane →7. Mechanical typing →8. Heat treatment.
2.2.4 Grinding process of inner sleeve
1. Grinding non-base surface →2. Grinding base surface (large end surface) →3. Rough grinding inner raceway →4. Rough grinding inner diameter →5. Fine grinding inner diameter →6. Fine grinding inner raceway →7. Phosphating treatment.
2.3 Technical requirements of several key processes
(1) The outer spherical position of the outer ring and the inner spherical position of the inner ring are detected by the template. Measurement datum: ① Jacket is based on thick wall surface (large end surface); ② The inner sleeve is based on the thick wall surface (large end surface).
(2) The detection of the curvature radius of the inner and outer raceway is controlled by the template during turning, and the detection of the curvature radius of the inner and outer raceway during grinding is selected according to the raceway size.
(3) The stamping oil groove process is formed on a 500-ton press. In order to ensure its accurate positioning and convenient loading and unloading, the outer diameter of the ferrule must be soft ground, and the machining tolerance should be controlled within 0.03 mm The height of the die is the same as the width of the workpiece to control the expansion. After stamping, take out the bearing with a press. After the oil groove is washed, the increase of the outer raceway shall not exceed 0. 15mm, which will not damage the surface of the bearing ring and ensure the cleanliness of the stamping die.
(4) The radial oil tank lathe is machined on C620 lathe, and the shape of the oil tank lathe tool should be calibrated with a special sharpening template. The rake angle of the turning tool is 0 ~ 3, and the rake angle is 6 ~ 8. The turning head is YT 15 cemented carbide turning head. After the oil tank is processed, it is necessary to remove burrs manually to ensure the smooth flow of the oil tank and oil circuit.
(5) In order to prevent the bearing inner raceway surface from leaving fulcrum marks (when grinding the inner diameter) or fulcrum wear marks, the processing sequence of the bearing inner raceway is adjusted to (after finishing the two end faces): rough grinding the inner raceway → rough grinding the inner diameter → fine grinding the inner raceway → phosphating the inner raceway surface, as shown in 2.2.4.
(6) Measure the assembly height with a shim (as shown in Figure 4). The bearing assembly height is higher than the measured height minus the known measured shim height: t = t0-h..
Second, the assembly inspection
(1) 100% flaw detection.
(2) 100% appearance quality inspection.
(3) The surface area of the mating surfaces of the inner and outer raceways is more than 80%.
(4) The dimensional accuracy of inner diameter, outer diameter and high assembly needs 100% inspection.
Three. Concluding remarks
In order to further improve the service life of GAC 1 10SK spherical plain bearing, it is suggested that the raceway oil groove should be located not less than 5mm near the small end face of the outer ring in the later stage of bearing processing and production (as shown in Figure 2). If the size of the oil tank is too close to the end face, it should be increased. Due to the user's reaction, this area will first produce metal fatigue spalling, which will make the bearing fail prematurely. After several small batch trials and communication with users, the quality information of users is well fed back, and all the indicators of bearings can meet the needs of users.
refer to
[1] Tang Zhanqi. Analysis and Calculation of Cracking Force of Joint Bearing [J]. Mechanical Engineer .20638+03
Qiu Yueping, Shen. Experimental research progress on wear performance of spherical plain bearings [J]. Bearing.2015
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