At present, smart agriculture in China is still in its infancy. China has introduced more policies to support the development of smart agriculture, which makes more large-scale agricultural production enterprises and internet enterprises enter the smart agriculture industry, resulting in more enterprises in the smart agriculture industry in China and more complicated enterprise composition.
Main listed companies in the smart agriculture industry: At present, the listed companies in the smart agriculture industry in China include Zhongmu (600 195), Longping Hi-Tech (000998), Haida Group (00231), Mu Yuan (0027 14). Jifeng Agricultural Machinery (300022), Huaying Agriculture (00232 1), Young Eagle Agriculture and Animal Husbandry (002477), xindu chemical (002539), Saiwei Intelligent (300044), New Hope (000876), Red Sun (000525), Sichuan.
The core data of this paper: industrial chain, panoramic map, market scale, supply scale, competition pattern and development trend of smart agriculture industry.
Panorama of China Smart Agriculture Industry Chain
Smart agriculture applies the Internet of Things technology to traditional agriculture, and uses sensors and software to detect plants, animals, soil, environment and other elements from macro to micro in real time through mobile platforms or computers, so as to improve the cognitive ability of agricultural animals and plants, the regulation ability of agricultural complex systems and the handling ability of agricultural emergencies, thus achieving the purposes of rational utilization of agricultural resources, reducing production costs, improving the ecological environment and improving the output and quality of agricultural products.
The main raw materials in the upstream of smart agriculture are non-ferrous metals, monocrystalline silicon and electronic ceramics. The upstream components and systems include integrated circuits, satellite navigation systems and sensors. The middle reaches of smart agriculture mainly include data platform, drone plant protection, agricultural machinery automation and intelligent breeding. The downstream of smart agriculture mainly produces agricultural products.
The representative enterprises of satellite navigation system in the upstream of smart agriculture mainly include Big Dipper, Huace Navigation, Zhonghaida and Huali Chuangtong. The representative enterprises of integrated circuits mainly include SMIC, TSMC and SK Hynix. The main representative enterprises in the sensor field are Hikvision, Dali Technology, Goer and so on. From the perspective of raw materials, non-ferrous metal producers of equipment and system raw materials needed for the upstream of smart agriculture include Jiaozuo Wanfang and Xinjiang Zhonghe. Monocrystalline silicon production enterprises include Longji and Zhonghe. Electronic ceramics manufacturers include Kyocera, Sanhuan Group and other enterprises.
Representative enterprises in the field of data platform in the middle reaches of smart agriculture include Hisense Huaxia and Okmei. Representative enterprises in the field of UAV plant protection include DJI innovation and Feifei technology; Representative enterprises in the field of agricultural machinery automation include Bochuang Linkage and Sina Navigation. In the field of intelligent farming, there are technology companies such as Netease, as well as special drive group and Shi Wen Co., Ltd. ..
The downstream of smart agriculture mainly includes COFCO, Shennong Intelligent, New Hope Group and other enterprises.
Policies promote the development of smart agriculture industry.
In 20 14, China put forward the concept of "smart agriculture", and in 20 16, "smart agriculture" was first written into the "No.1 Document of the Central Committee", which shows that our government attaches importance to smart agriculture. In the future, with the disappearance of China's demographic dividend and the constraints of resources and environment, China will pay more attention to the development of smart agriculture. At the same time, with the continuous increase of policies, the scale of smart agriculture in China will continue to expand.
Policy support has attracted a large number of enterprises to enter the smart agriculture industry.
At present, with the support of China's policies, not only a number of traditional planting and breeding enterprises with certain strength, such as Dabeinong, COFCO and Shi Wen, have been attracted to enter the smart agriculture industry, but also a number of modern Internet enterprises with intelligent technologies have been attracted to enter the smart agriculture industry. For example, Internet giant Netease began to raise pigs intelligently in 2009, and used modern technology to remotely monitor the physical condition, food intake and excretion of pigs. Provide high-quality and comfortable living environment for pigs, and make the pork produced delicious and safe. This move by Netease has made Netease occupy a place in the field of smart agriculture and become famous in one fell swoop.
The smart agriculture market in China is expanding.
Although the application of smart agriculture in China is still in the primary stage, thanks to the support of social and technical environment, the smart agriculture industry in China has developed steadily. 20 16 the State Council issued "opinions on the separation of rural land ownership and contracted management right", which further divided the contracted management right of rural land into contracting right and management right, realized the separation of the three rights, protected the land management right of business entities, improved their enthusiasm for agricultural activities, and laid a good foundation for moderate scale operation of agriculture.
At present, there is no authoritative data to announce the market size of smart agriculture industry in China. According to the data of CICC, the penetration rate of smart agriculture in China is less than 1%. Assuming that the popularization rate is increasing year by year, combined with the agricultural output value of China, it is preliminarily estimated that the market size of smart agriculture industry in China will be about 62.2 billion yuan in 2020.
Upstream of intelligent agriculture-Upstream raw materials: sufficient supply.
The upstream raw materials of smart agriculture mainly include non-ferrous metals, monocrystalline silicon and electronic ceramics. These raw materials are mainly used to manufacture electronic components of Internet of Things and cloud computing equipment. At present, the supply of non-ferrous metals and monocrystalline silicon in China is sufficient, but there are certain technical barriers in electronic ceramics, which leads to fewer large-scale electronic ceramics manufacturers in China, and the supply of electronic ceramics depends more on Japan, the United States and other countries.
Upstream-the core component and system of smart agriculture: the supply of goods is relatively stable.
The core components and systems of smart agriculture mainly include satellite navigation systems, integrated circuits and sensors. Among them, in the field of satellite navigation, the Beidou satellite navigation system (BDS) independently developed by China has basically achieved all-round coverage and can be put into use in the field of smart agriculture; However, the supply of integrated circuits is relatively sufficient. In 2020, the output of integrated circuits in China will be 2.61.47 billion, an increase of 29.55% compared with 20 19. In terms of sensors, most domestic sensor suppliers have certain technical strength, which can break through technical barriers and continuously expand production capacity, resulting in relatively stable domestic sensor supply.
-Satellite navigation system for core components and systems
The application of satellite navigation system in smart agriculture industry mainly lies in providing favorable technical support for the automatic driving technology of agricultural machinery. With the support of satellite navigation system, farmers can use tablet computers to brush news again and do field work again. Agricultural machinery will fertilize and spray pesticides according to the preset route of satellite navigation system.
2065438+In February 2008, 65438+2008, the State Council issued "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Transformation and Upgrading of Agricultural Mechanization and Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Industry", which proposed "Promoting the Demonstration and Application of Smart Agriculture". Popularize the application of satellite positioning and other information technologies in agricultural machinery equipment and agricultural machinery operations. The release of the Opinions has a certain role in promoting the application of satellite navigation in China's agricultural field.
At present, there are mainly four kinds of satellite navigation systems in the world, namely, China's Beidou satellite navigation system (BDS), the United States' global positioning system (GPS), Russian GLONASS system and Galileo system jointly developed by Europe and ESA.
In terms of supply, the number of global positioning system (GPS) satellites is large and evenly distributed, which ensures that at least four GPS satellites can be observed anywhere on the earth at any time, and can realize global all-weather continuous navigation and positioning services. It is that most extensive and adaptable satellite navigation system provide at present. Beidou satellite navigation system is the third generation Beidou navigation system in China and a real global navigation system.
Global positioning accuracy is better than10m, speed measurement accuracy is better than 0.2m per second, timing accuracy is better than 20ns, and service availability is better than 99%. The service of Beidou navigation system has a better performance in the Asia-Pacific region. At present, GLONASS system is a satellite navigation system with strong anti-interference ability, and Galileo system is more accurate in Europe.
-Integrated circuits for core components and systems
Integrated circuits are important electronic components used in Internet of Things, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other fields. The application of integrated circuits in the field of smart agriculture can accurately analyze factors such as weather changes, pests and diseases, air humidity and livestock health during agricultural planting and livestock breeding, and effectively reduce the non-systematic risks faced by agricultural planting and livestock breeding.
With the improvement of integrated circuit manufacturing technology in China, the grade of integrated circuit products in China is getting higher and higher. According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, from 20 1 1-2020, the total output of China's integrated circuit manufacturing industry is increasing year by year. In 2020, the cumulative output of China's integrated circuit manufacturing industry will reach 2.610.47 billion chips, an increase of 29.55% compared with 20 19.
In the first quarter of 20021,the output of integrated circuits in China reached 82.05 billion chips, an increase of 62. 10% compared with the first quarter of 2020, and the growth rate was significantly improved, mainly because the operating rate of integrated circuit industry was less affected by the COVID-19 epidemic in the first quarter of 2020.
-Sensors for core components and systems
The main suppliers of domestic sensor industry are Hikvision, Chemical Technology Industry Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Dali Technology Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Weiertai Industrial Automation Co., Ltd. ... Most of the manufacturers of sensors and sensor components are listed companies with large scale and stable production capacity. Among them, Zhejiang Dali Technology Co., Ltd. and Shenzhen Tuobang Co., Ltd. are actively expanding the company's sensor production capacity. On the whole, the upstream sensor supply of smart agriculture is still good.
Midstream-Smart agricultural and sideline products supply enterprises are more secure.
The middle reaches of smart agriculture mainly include data platform services, intelligent breeding, plant protection drones, and automatic driving of agricultural machinery. From the perspective of the four major product suppliers in the smart agriculture market segment, according to the number of enterprises and application types of enterprises, in the current market supply structure, data platform services are the main position, followed by intelligent farming solutions.
—— Midstream data service platform service.
Data platform service refers to the use of sensors, wireless communication, big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and other technologies for data collection and analysis, real-time tracking of crop growth, monitoring of pests and diseases, and forecasting crop yield through visual display.
There are three ways to collect agricultural data: satellite, unmanned aerial vehicle and sensor. Data such as land, crops, weather and climate are collected by satellite remote sensing technology, data such as crop growth, pests and diseases are monitored in real time by drone aerial photography, and data such as air, soil temperature and humidity, soil humidity, light intensity and crop growth are collected by sensors. By analyzing and processing the collected data, a visual model is established to realize the accurate management of crops.
Generally speaking, the service providers of agricultural data platform establish the data of the soil around farmers by providing equipment solutions to dealers, build their own agricultural brands, and let dealers provide customized and accurate crop formula fertilizers for farmers. In terms of data platform services, providing services for large-scale agricultural planting not only expands its own market, but also accumulates supporting technologies and products, which truly empowers agricultural service organizations.
At present, the main intelligent agricultural data service providers in China are Hisense Huaxia, Okmei and Jiage Tiandi. The specific product layout of large-scale agricultural data platform service providers is as follows:
-Plant protection service for mid-stream unmanned aerial vehicles
For UAV plant protection, the key is to ensure the spraying effect of pesticides in the process of agricultural UAV plant protection, and the factors affecting the effect of UAV plant protection include pesticides, UAVs and plant protection teams.
At present, the domestic R&D and production enterprises of plant protection drones are mainly DJI Innovation, Gao Conon of Samos Xin and Yuan Mu Holdings, among which DJI Innovation is the absolute leading enterprise in the plant protection drone industry, while the plant protection drone technologies of Feifei Technology, Gao Conon of Samos Xin and Yuan Mu Holdings are also slowly improving.
-automatic driving of agricultural machinery in the middle reaches
The most important technology of agricultural machinery automatic driving is agricultural machinery vehicle navigation system. Its working principle is to realize the function of agricultural machinery working along a straight line by using satellite navigation system. At the same time, the growth data of surrounding crops are obtained through the camera, and the navigation satellite tracks the vehicle information data in real time, and the data obtained by the three are transmitted to the control terminal through the wireless network. After analyzing the data, the running situation and progress are displayed in real time by the vehicle computer display.
In 2020, the sales of agricultural automatic navigation systems and equipment in China showed explosive growth. According to the data released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in 2020, agricultural machinery has supported the installation of more than 23,000 Beidou terminals, nearly quadrupling compared with 20 19; Among them, the automatic driving system of agricultural machinery sold 1.7 million sets, a year-on-year increase of 1.88%.
At present, the price of agricultural machinery automatic driving system in China is 50,000-60,000 yuan/set, which has been greatly reduced compared with the price of10-14,000 yuan/set a few years ago. At present, the automatic driving system of agricultural machinery in China can get agricultural machinery subsidy of about1.5-25,000 yuan/set, which reduces the purchase burden of farmers and promotes the sales growth of agricultural machinery automatic driving system.
-Mid-stream intelligent culture
Aquaculture is mainly divided into four core links: breeding, breeding, feeding and disease prevention. Intelligent agriculture uses new technologies (Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, etc.). ) and new ideas to reduce the mortality of livestock and poultry and improve the quality of products are mainly used in three stages: breeding, feeding and disease prevention. In a set of intelligent breeding solutions, it includes not only software facilities such as data platform services, but also intelligent breeding equipment, such as automatic feeding devices, monitoring cameras, sensors, ear tags and a series of other equipment.
At present, most large suppliers, including Internet companies and agricultural technology companies, can provide a complete set of intelligent farming solutions. Customers can choose products and equipment flexibly and freely according to the needs of actual scenes, while small and medium-sized enterprises provide more online aquaculture service platform software or systems, aiming at aquaculture production management services, and realize mobile office and primary data processing.
Downstream-the downstream application field of smart agriculture has a wide demand.
The production of plant products includes grain production, fruit and vegetable production and medicinal materials production. In the process of intelligent production, it is necessary to realize unmanned production. In the process of sowing, plant protection drones and agricultural unmanned vehicles are needed for sowing and pesticide spraying, and automatic picking robots and automatic sorting robots are needed in the process of crop picking. In the production process of animal agricultural products, automatic incubators, automatic feeders, automatic butchers and automatic sorting machines are needed.
In 20 13-20 19, the per capita demand of cereal agricultural products in China showed a downward trend year by year. 20 1 17.94 kg, which is 1.42% lower than 20 18. From the perspective of bean products, from 20 13 to 20 19, the per capita demand of bean products in China showed a fluctuating growth trend. In 20 19, the per capita demand of beans in China reached 9.30 kg, an increase of 12.09% over 20 18.
From the perspective of potato products, China's potato agricultural products fluctuated from 20 13 to 20 19. In 20 19, the per capita demand of potato agricultural products in China was 2.87 kg, which was 8.55% higher than that in 20 18.
Note: The National Bureau of Statistics has not published the data of 2020, and the data of 20 19 is used temporarily.
Judging from the heat map of agricultural planting enterprises in China, Henan, Anhui, Sichuan and Guizhou are the provinces with more agricultural planting enterprises in China, and Hebei, Heilongjiang and other provinces also have more agricultural planting enterprises.
From 20 13 to 20 19, the per capita consumption of pork in China showed a fluctuating growth trend. In 20 19, the per capita consumption of pork in China was 20.3kg, which was lower than that in 20 18. The reason is that the influence of African swine fever has reduced people's consumption of pork. From 20 13 to 20 19, the national per capita consumption of beef and mutton fluctuated among counties and cities. In 20 19, the per capita consumption of beef and mutton in China was 2.2kg and 1.2kg respectively.
From the heat map of the distribution of animal husbandry enterprises in China, Anhui Province is the province with the largest distribution of animal husbandry enterprises in China, followed by Xinjiang, Tibet and other provinces with animal husbandry as the main industry.
Summary-Smart agriculture has a good development prospect.
At present, with the development of China's economy and the progress of science and technology, and the gradual disappearance of China's demographic dividend, China attaches great importance to the development of smart agriculture. June, 2020165438+1October "Central Committee's Proposal on Formulating the 14th Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Target in 2035" failed to achieve the goal of smart agriculture construction. While the policy supports the development of smart agriculture, China also supports the development of smart agriculture in terms of technology and capital, so the future development prospect of smart agriculture in China is better. The specific development prospect of smart agriculture is analyzed as follows:
For more data, please refer to Prospective Industry Research Institute's Panoramic Analysis of Smart Agriculture Industry Chain in China and Deep Research Report on Investment Promotion Strategy Suggestions.