Due to the lack of professional management and operation experience, China's logistics market has not formed a closed-loop network chain. Postal service has played this role to a certain extent, but it is far from meeting the distribution process required by e-commerce. There are also small distribution companies with small strength and irregular operation. Most of them are fragmented and subject to geographical restrictions, so it is difficult to provide complete service requests. Although some large foreign express delivery companies are also eager to get involved in this field, they have not been approved at present. Obviously, the focus of e-commerce logistics distribution is to advocate the timeliness of the transaction process, which requires logistics companies to provide an all-round and multi-level logistics transportation system to complete the distribution process in the whole transaction.
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The Influence of E-commerce on the Logistics Business of iResearch Company
Abstract: With the rapid development of Internet technology, e-commerce has also developed rapidly. How to make e-commerce and logistics of enterprises develop together? Based on this, this paper starts with the relationship between e-commerce and modern logistics, and analyzes the influence of e-commerce on the logistics business of iResearch. And put forward the concrete measures and countermeasures for the coordinated development of e-commerce and modern logistics.
[Keywords:]: e-commerce, modern logistics, iResearch
With the global economic integration and the rapid development of information technology, the ways for enterprises to obtain means of production and the scope of product marketing are expanding day by day. At the same time, the result of modern enterprise competition is that both production enterprises and commercial enterprises have entered the era of low profit, and the cost and profit of products have become very transparent. The promotion of e-commerce has accelerated the integration of the world economy. After the online business circulation is realized, an effective modern logistics is needed to provide low-cost, high-efficiency, timely and appropriate transit services for the physical objects, which makes modern logistics occupy a decisive position in the whole business activities. E-commerce brings huge demand to logistics, and the bottleneck of logistics to the development of e-commerce is increasingly prominent.
The business scope of iResearch Company is the production of marine furniture. Although it started late, it has a high starting point and excellent quality. Whether it is the rationality and thoroughness of design, processing technology and production quality, as well as overall matching, packaging classification and installation services, it has always been at the forefront of the domestic marine furniture manufacturing industry. However, in order to achieve long-term development under the background of globalization, iResearch needs to coordinate the development of modern logistics and e-commerce, adapt to global economic integration as soon as possible, and apply e-commerce more and more widely to improve the competitiveness of enterprises and meet the challenges from competitors.
First, the concept of e-commerce and logistics
E-commerce is the inevitable product of the development and interaction of economy and information technology. There is no definite standard for the concept of e-commerce at present. What can be accepted by most people at present is what American IT vendors put forward: E-commerce is a new form of business activities. It replaces the storage, transmission, statistics and publication of paper media in the traditional transaction process with digital communication network and computer equipment, and realizes paperless transaction and transaction management of goods and services, and achieves the goals of high efficiency, low cost, digitalization, networking and globalization.
According to China's national conditions, relevant experts have combined foreign definitions with China's current situation, expanded the scope of American definition of e-commerce, and put forward a broad concept of e-commerce, including electronic logistics:
1. E-commerce is the electronization of the whole trade activity;
2. E-commerce is the application of a set of electronic tools in business activities;
3. E-commerce is an electronic shopping market;
4. E-commerce is to realize the electronization and automation of all links from pre-sales to after-sales support.
It can be seen that it includes not only information flow, capital flow and business flow, but also logistics.
The word logistics first appeared in America. The concept of logistics was put forward from 19 15, and it took more than 70 years to reach a conclusion. At present, there are many concepts about logistics at home and abroad, which are defined in People's Republic of China (PRC) national standard "Logistics Terminology": "Logistics is the physical flow process of goods from suppliers to receivers. According to actual needs, the basic functions such as transportation, storage, handling, packaging, distribution and processing, distribution and information processing are organically combined. " The definition of logistics by the American Logistics Association is: "Logistics refers to the detailed flow process of materials and services from the place of production to the place of sale in order to meet the needs of customers, as well as the planning, implementation and control behavior that makes warehousing effective and low-cost." It can be seen that logistics is a systematic, comprehensive and comprehensive concept of modern economic activities, involving several fields. Its basic meaning can be understood as "the process of transferring the entity of things from the place of supply to the place of need according to the requirements of users." Logistics covers the primary, secondary and tertiary industries and all social reproduction processes, so it is a very huge and complex field. The manufacturing process of all industrial and agricultural products in the national economy is logistics time except for the time of processing and reproduction.
Modern logistics refers to the whole supply chain of products from the place of production to the place of consumption, and uses advanced organization and management technology to plan, manage and distribute efficiently. It organically combines transportation, storage, loading and unloading, processing, sorting, distribution and information to form a complete supply chain, providing users with multifunctional and integrated comprehensive services, thus reducing circulation costs, improving production efficiency and increasing enterprise profits.
Second, the relationship between e-commerce and logistics
1. Logistics is an important part of e-commerce.
The essence of e-commerce is commerce, and the core content of commerce is commodity trading, while commodity fairs involve four aspects: the transfer of commodity ownership, the payment of money, the acquisition and application of relevant information, and the transfer of commodities themselves. That is, business flow, capital flow, information flow and logistics. Among them, the information flow not only includes the provision of commodity information, promotion and marketing, technical support and after-sales service, but also includes business documents such as inquiry, quotation, payment notice and transfer notice. , as well as the payment ability and payment reputation of the counterparty. Business flow refers to the movement process of commodity trading and the transfer of commodity ownership between purchase and sale, specifically referring to a series of activities of commodity trading. Capital flow mainly refers to the transfer process of funds, including payment, transfer and other processes. In the e-commerce environment, these four parts are different from the traditional situation. Business flow, capital flow and information flow can all be handled by computers and network communication equipment. As the most special of the four streams, logistics refers to the flow process of material entities, specifically referring to various activities such as transportation, storage, distribution, loading and unloading, warehousing and logistics information management. For a few goods and services, they can be delivered directly through network transmission, such as various electronic publications and information consulting services. For most goods and services, logistics still needs to be transmitted by physical means.
In the past, people didn't know enough about the importance of logistics in e-commerce and the changes that logistics should have in e-commerce environment. They believe that for most goods and services, logistics can still pass through traditional distribution channels. However, with the further popularization and application of e-commerce, the lag of logistics capacity has increasingly restricted its development. More and more people begin to pay attention to the influence of logistics on e-commerce activities.
2. Logistics is the guarantee to realize e-commerce.
As an important part of e-commerce, logistics is an important guarantee to realize e-commerce. From the flow chart of e-commerce, we can know that without modern logistics, the flow of e-commerce is imperfect.
3, logistics to ensure the smooth progress of production
Whether under the traditional trade mode or e-commerce, production is the basis of commodity circulation, and the smooth progress of production needs the support of various logistics activities. The whole process of production begins with the purchase of raw materials, so the corresponding supply logistics activities are needed to put the purchased materials in place, otherwise the production will be difficult; There is also a logistics process of raw materials and semi-finished products between the various technological processes of production, that is, the so-called production logistics, in order to realize the liquidity of production; The recycling of some surplus materials and reusable materials also needs the so-called recycling logistics; Garbage disposal needs garbage logistics. It can be seen that the whole production process actually contains a series of logistics activities. Rationalized and modern logistics ensures the efficient operation of modern production by reducing costs, optimizing inventory structure, reducing capital occupation and shortening production cycle. On the contrary, without modern logistics, production will be difficult to proceed smoothly, and e-commerce will still be without rice.
4. Logistics serves business flow.
In commercial activities, the ownership of goods is transferred from the supplier to the buyer at the same time when the purchase and sale contract is signed, but the commodity entity does not reach the buyer. Under the condition of e-commerce, customers complete the delivery process of goods ownership through online shopping, but e-commerce activities are not over, and only when goods and services really reach customers will business activities come to an end. In the whole e-commerce, logistics actually appears as a follower and service provider of business flow. Without modern logistics, easy business activities will only become a dead letter. 5. Logistics is the fundamental guarantee to realize the concept of "customer-centric"
The emergence of e-commerce has facilitated the ultimate consumers to the greatest extent. They don't have to go to the crowded commercial street to choose the goods they need, just sit at home, browse, check and choose online, and they can complete shopping activities. But imagine, if the goods you buy can't arrive, or the merchants don't buy them themselves, will consumers still buy online? Logistics is the ultimate guarantee for e-commerce to realize the customer-centered concept. Without modern logistics technology and management, e-commerce will bring zero convenience to consumers, and consumers will inevitably turn to traditional shopping methods that they think are more reliable.
Three. The Influence of E-commerce on Logistics Industry
1. E-commerce has created a virtual sports space for logistics.
In the state of e-commerce, when people carry out logistics activities, the functions and functions of logistics can be manifested through virtualization. In this virtualization process, people seek the rationalization of logistics through various combinations, so that commodity entities can achieve the highest efficiency, the least cost, the shortest distance and the least time in the actual movement process.
E-commerce can control logistics network in real time. In e-commerce, the operation of logistics is centered on information, which not only determines the direction of logistics, but also determines the operation mode of logistics. In practice, information transmission through the network can effectively control and rationalize logistics.
2. The impact of e-commerce on logistics operation.
1, purchase
Traditional procurement is extremely complicated. The buyer must complete a series of complicated and tedious tasks, such as finding suitable suppliers, inspecting products, placing orders, receiving delivery notices and goods invoices. In the e-commerce environment, the procurement process of enterprises will become simple and smooth.
In recent years, some large international companies use EDI on private networks to reduce labor, printing and mailing costs in the procurement process. Usually the company can save 5- 10% of the procurement cost.
Step 2 distribute
(1) Strengthen the position of distribution industry.
In the early stage of its development, distribution mainly played a role as a means of promotion. According to some scholars' research, the buyer's market pattern of oversupply is a suitable environment for promoting and developing distribution. This shows that before the emergence of e-commerce, the fundamental reason for distribution is to promote sales. At this level, the status of the distribution building is not high, and the development is not too fast. The implementation of the distribution system in China is not very smooth. For example, in Wuxi, one of the pilot cities, the total amount of materials distributed reached 800 million yuan and 1992 and 1993 respectively, but it dropped to 800 million yuan in 1995 and less than 800 million yuan in 1996.
In the era of e-commerce, B2C logistics support is provided by distribution, and B2B logistics business will be gradually outsourced to third-party logistics, and its supply mode is also distribution system. Without distribution, e-commerce logistics cannot be realized, and e-commerce cannot be realized. The fate of e-commerce is linked with the distribution industry. At the same time, e-commerce makes the manufacturing and retail industries realize "zero inventory", which actually transfers the inventory to the distribution center, so the distribution center has become the warehouse of the whole society. Therefore, the status of the distribution industry has been greatly improved.
In fact, for the e-commerce trading model itself, buyers can easily click to complete the purchase, and buyers will inevitably deliver the goods to their doors. Otherwise, what is the significance of buyers choosing this trading model? So to some extent, the logistics model in the e-commerce era is the distribution model.
3. E-commerce will change the competitive state of logistics enterprises.
In the era of e-commerce, the content of competition between logistics enterprises that rely on their own enterprises to provide quality services and reduce logistics costs still exists, but its effectiveness is greatly reduced. The reason is that e-commerce needs a global logistics system to ensure the reasonable flow of commodity entities. For an enterprise, no matter how large it is, it is difficult to meet this requirement. This requires logistics enterprises to unite with each other in the competition and form a cooperative state, so as to realize the efficiency, rationalization and systematization of logistics.
4. E-commerce promotes the improvement of logistics infrastructure
The high efficiency and globalization of e-commerce require logistics to achieve this goal. To achieve this goal, a good transportation network, communication network and other infrastructure is the most basic guarantee. In addition, we should constantly improve the relevant legal provisions, policies and concepts.
In the era of e-commerce, to provide the best service, the logistics system must have a good information processing and transmission system. A good information system can provide timely information services, help to understand what customers are thinking and need, and win the trust of customers. In the e-commerce environment, due to the trend of global economic integration, the current logistics industry is developing towards globalization, informationization and integration. Commodities and factors of production flow freely around the world at an unprecedented speed. With the application of EDI and Internet, the improvement of logistics efficiency depends more on information management technology. The wide application of electronic computers provides more demand and inventory information, improves the scientific level of information management, and makes product flow easier and faster. Logistics informatization includes the establishment of commodity code and database, rationalization of transportation network, systematization of sales network and electronic construction of logistics center management. There is still a lot of work to be done. It can be said that there is no modern logistics without modern information management.
In the early 1990s, due to the emergence of e-commerce, the integration of global economy was accelerated, and the development of logistics enterprises reached the transnational level. It collects the resources it needs from many different countries, then processes them and exports them to other countries. With the tide of China's entry into WTO and integration into the world economy, more and more foreign enterprises have landed in China, and at the same time, more and more well-known domestic enterprises have gone global, which inevitably involves the issue of logistics and distribution. For example, Haier Logistics has developed rapidly in recent years. The trend of globalization strategy makes logistics enterprises and production enterprises more closely linked, forming a huge social division of labor. Manufacturers concentrate on manufacturing products, reduce costs and create value; Logistics enterprises spend a lot of time and energy on logistics services. The demand satisfaction system of logistics enterprises has gone further than before.
Fourthly, the development strategy of e-commerce and logistics of iResearch Company.
In the current era of e-commerce, if iResearch wants to achieve a longer-term development, it will occupy a broader market. In essence, it is to meet the needs of customers and realize the whole process of planning, implementing and managing raw materials, semi-finished products, finished products and related information from the place of origin to the place of consumption at the lowest cost. And e-commerce will be a very advantageous choice. E-commerce is essentially a business, and the core content of business is commodity trading, and commodity trading involves four aspects: the transfer of commodity ownership, the payment of money, the acquisition and application of relevant information, and the transfer of commodities themselves. That is, business flow, capital flow, information flow and logistics. Among them, logistics, as the most special of the four streams, refers to the flow process of material entities, specifically, transportation, storage, distribution, loading and unloading, warehousing, logistics information management and other activities. In order to provide the best service, the logistics system must have a good information processing and transmission system. A good information system can provide timely information services, help to understand what customers are thinking and need, and win the trust of customers. The application of e-commerce will improve logistics efficiency and make product flow easier and faster.
While vigorously developing e-commerce, we should strengthen the cultivation of logistics talents in e-commerce. E-commerce logistics talent is a kind of compound senior talent, who knows both e-commerce and logistics; Know both technology and management. Talents determine the future development of enterprises to a certain extent.
In short, the impact of e-commerce on the logistics business of iResearch is both a challenge and an opportunity. In order to get better development, it is necessary to combine e-commerce with logistics, and at the same time pay attention to the cultivation of talents.
References:
Bai Jing. On electronic money and its development in China. Gansu Academic Journal, 2005 (5)
Jin Chen, E-commerce Finance and Security, Tsinghua University Press,
Zhang Duo, development status and trend of e-commerce logistics, e-commerce logistics, 2004.438+0438+0.27.
Research on the Status of E-commerce in Jun Chen and China —— Electronic Logistics Analysis, February 2005.16.
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