Abstract: The modern basketball game is more intense, and the combination of skills and tactics is more complicated and changeable. This paper analyzes the phenomenon of errors caused by various emotional state changes in basketball games, and reduces non-technical and tactical errors caused by emotional changes by strengthening athletes' self-regulation ability and strengthening the training of athletes' psychological regulation ability.

Keywords: basketball players; Emotional changes; breakdown

With the development of modern basketball, the confrontation in basketball matches is more intense, and the influence of emotions on athletes is increasing. In the general basketball game, when a strong team plays against a weak team, the sports skills can be played very skillfully, while teams with similar levels make frequent mistakes in the game, especially in the final game, because they can't effectively control their emotions in changeable tactics, they have been defeated. In addition to the technical and tactical level and the coach's command error, the key point of this situation is the lack of psychological control ability in an emergency, and the technical and tactical skills are also affected with the change of mood, and they lose their normal play [1]. It can also be seen from the notice issued by the Basketball Association that the divine comedy "uneasy" is banned, and the influence of emotional changes on athletes and competitions is very important.

1 The concept of emotion and the reasons for emotional changes

1. 1 the concept of emotion

Emotion is the concrete expression of emotional experience in the psychological process, and it is the response of people to objective things and corresponding behaviors.

Emotional stability in sports competition is the core content of athletes' best psychological state and the guarantee of normal training level, so emotional stability is the main psychological factor of athletes [2].

1.2 reasons for emotional changes

A large number of data and phenomena show that there are two reasons for the emotional changes of basketball players during the game.

1.2. 1 subjective factors

1.2. 1. 1 competitive motives

Motivation is a psychological factor that stimulates people's activities. It is of great significance to activate, maintain and regulate individual behavior. Psychological research shows that the relationship between motivation intensity and behavioral efficiency is not linear, but inverted U-shaped curve. Moderate intensity motivation level is the best, that is to say, when the motivation intensity is at a moderate level, the behavior efficiency is the highest. Once it exceeds this level, it will hinder the behavior [3].

1.2. 1.2 Athletes' past success or failure experience and physical condition

Psychological research shows that an individual's past experience of success or failure will directly affect his behavioral motivation and psychological state. On the other hand, the athletes' pre-competition health status and whether they have been sick or not have a great influence on the psychological state of mobilization.

1.2. 1.3 factors of psychological instability due to insufficient psychological preparation before the war.

Before the game, there was no comprehensive analysis of the situation of the game and all kinds of situations that might occur in the game, which led to all kinds of bad mentality.

1.2.2 objective reasons

1.2.2. 1 objective environment of the stadium

Athletes who go to away games are not familiar with the venues and facilities of away games, which is not suitable for the climate characteristics of away games. In the course of the game, its normal movements feel certain influence, affecting athletes' self-confidence, which leads to players' psychological tension, large emotional fluctuations, and inability to let go of their hands and feet, resulting in inaccurate shooting, mistakes in passing and catching, out of control of tactical organization, and affecting the play of the game [4].

1.2.2.2 audience factors

During the competition, the audience will make various behaviors. Such as cheering, shouting, cheering, booing, booing and so on.

1.2.2.3 Referee factors

The referee is the referee on the basketball court. The rules and judging methods of basketball match are complicated, and the three referees on the court have different division of labor and cooperation, and their observation ranges are also different. In the process of law enforcement, it is inevitable that there will be cases of missing judgment, wrong judgment and misjudgment.

2. The influence of common emotional phenomena in basketball games on athletes.

2. 1 When the score is ahead,

2. 1. 1 produces a relaxed mood, which is manifested in the fact that the game is not active in defense and the ball is handled casually in attack, which makes the game turn into an unfavorable situation.

2. 1.2 Blind self-confidence, fantasy to expand victory, leading to impatience. When the attack is temporarily defeated, it often leads to impatience, eagerness for success in attack and defensive foul.

2. 1.3 When the score fluctuates due to lax thinking, you feel depressed and at a loss. One is nervousness, impatience, confusion and low success rate; Another kind of performance is dull, negative, chaotic and demoralized, which leads to frequent mistakes at both ends of attack and defense.

2.2 When the score falls behind.

2.2. 1 Lack of confidence, initiative and enthusiasm in attack and defense.

2.2.2 Players complain and don't understand each other, which leads to inconsistent behavior and uncoordinated play on the court, resulting in passing and catching mistakes.

2.2.3 With the ups and downs of the war situation and scores, emotions and psychology bear time and space, leading to a passive situation of individuals or the whole [5].

2.3 In the stage of score stalemate and decisive battle

2.3. 1 Due to the heavy burden of winning and losing thinking and narrow thinking, unexpected mistakes occurred in decision-making and the use of offensive and defensive tactics.

2.3.2 Due to fierce competition, emotional tension, fear, decreased rational analysis ability and weakened self-control ability, resulting in stiff and uncoordinated body movements, resulting in mistakes [6].

3 Classification of emotional mistakes in basketball matches

Mistake refers to: "The ball control player loses the ball due to personal misconduct, which is a team mistake or violation. The number of mistakes reflects the technical and tactical level of a player or a team and their ability to use skills and tactics in the face of fierce competitions. "

Due to emotional changes leading to personal misconduct, resulting in mistakes mainly include:

3. 1 dribbling error

In this respect, the main performance in the competition is that athletes lose control of the ball because of fear, such as excessive muscle tension, stiff movements, timidity, inability to let go of their own movements, and decreased enthusiasm.

3.2 Passing mistakes

These mainly happen in the process of passing the ball, because the players are lax, they will act casually, lose concentration, have no enthusiasm, tense muscles, and lose their movements, which leads to the bad timing of passing the ball, or the height is inappropriate, or the team loses the ball because of the low landing point. Or some players lose the ball because of inattention, relaxation and poor consciousness.

3.3 Capture errors

On the one hand, it is mainly manifested in the athletes' stiff fingers caused by nervousness in the process of catching the ball, and they miss because of their slow movements.

3.4 Service error

This mainly refers to the fact that when a player serves, he is too nervous or impetuous to send the ball directly to the opponent's hand, or he is intercepted by the opponent and makes mistakes. For example, when a player serves a ball out of bounds, the server is nervous and flustered because of the opponent's full-court pressure, and then it is easy to be intercepted by the opponent, resulting in mistakes.

3.5 improper holding of the ball

In the process of holding the ball, the opponent directly steals the ball without making any action, resulting in mistakes. We often see that when a player holds the ball, on the one hand, he wants to attack himself, and on the other hand, he wants to pass the ball to a better player. When he hesitates, his opponent may knock off the ball in his hand, causing him to make a mistake. Or under the pressure of the other side, the ball can't be passed out, and the foot steps on the end line or sideline and makes a mistake.

4 countermeasures

Basketball players will have various emotional changes in the game. Therefore, in the daily training level competition, we should strengthen the control and adjustment of emotions, cultivate athletes' various psychological qualities needed to adapt to the competition and training, overcome the bad emotions in training and competition, and make athletes train and compete in a positive, adaptive and stable psychological state.

4. 1 Improve athletes' awareness of the importance of emotional control.

4.2 Training athletes' psychological control ability

4.3 Strengthen athletes' positive competitive psychology.

4.4 Enhance athletes' confidence in the competition.

4.5 Coaches should be good at adjusting the psychological state of players in the game.

To sum up, the key to athletes' psychological training is to be brave in trying in practice. After repeated practice-understanding-practice-understanding, the best training effect can be obtained. Psychological training is of great significance for training basketball players to have a stable and appropriate psychological state in training and competition, promoting the improvement of training quality, giving full play to athletes' competitive ability and creating excellent results.

refer to

Sun Zhimin. Ball games-basketball [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, July 2003.

[2] Physical education colleges specialize in general textbooks. Advanced course of basketball [M]. Beijing: People's Sports Publishing House, 1999.

[3] Jiang Qunfeng. On the Causes and Countermeasures of Psychological Obstacles in Basketball Match [J]. Sports Research, 2007, (6).

[4] Cheng Liqun. On CBA home culture [J]. Sports and Science, 2005(3).

[5] Tian Xin. Cause analysis and psychological training of basketball players' bad emotions [J]. Journal of Liaoning Radio and TV University, 2007, (4).

[6] Shi Yuchuan, Liu Lanrong. On the emotional fluctuation and regulation of basketball players when the score is deadlocked or backward [J]. Science and Technology Information, 2007, (7).

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