It consists of three parts: research background, research process and research conclusion. The first part introduces the research background of the article, which requires about 300 words for undergraduate and 600 words for master. The second part needs to make clear the contents of key research and explain what research has been done under these backgrounds. The third part, the research conclusion or experiment part, is to introduce what problems have been solved through your research. Note that the abstract needs to be written in the document code given by the publishing house.

First of all, how to write an abstract of a paper

1, Abstract: It is necessary to briefly state the contents of the paper, without comment, and to briefly explain the purpose, research method and final conclusion of the research work. The most important thing is the conclusion, which is an independent and complete essay according to different contents.

2. Papers generally need abstracts, some for international communication and some in foreign languages (mostly in English), so you can get the necessary information without reading the full text of the paper.

3. How to write the abstract of the paper can refer to the following suggestions.

(1) The abstract shall include the following contents.

(1) includes the purpose and importance of this study.

(2) What is the main content of the study, and what work has been completed.

(3) The basic conclusions and research results, as well as new ideas that should be highlighted in the paper.

④ The significance of the conclusion or result.

(2) the text is concise

The abstract of the paper should not only reflect the above contents, but also be concise and fully summarize the contents.

(2) The length of the general abstract will be limited, and the number of words cannot exceed 5% of the number of words in the paper. For example, a 6000-word paper cannot exceed 300 words.

(3) The abstract of the paper doesn't need to list examples, talk about the research process, and don't need charts and chemical structures, so it doesn't do self-evaluation.

(4) There are many common problems in writing the abstract of a paper, such as copying the subtitle (table of contents) in the main body of the paper or the main body of the conclusion part of the paper, and not concentrating and summarizing the contents of the abstract, which leads to the long main body.

(5) It needs to be highly summarized, the language should be concise and clear, and there should be a Chinese-English comparison. Chinese abstracts are generally about 300 Chinese characters, while English abstracts generally need about 250 content words.

Second, the abstract classification

1, summary can be reported.

(1) This kind of summary can partially replace reading the full text, also called intelligence summary or information summary.

(2) Features: Summarize the purpose, methods, main data and conclusions of the paper comprehensively and briefly, or extract paragraphs and sentences briefly to reveal the whole picture of the paper concisely and logically.

2. Indicative summary

(1) This kind of abstract can help potential readers decide whether they need to read the full text. It is also called explanatory abstract, descriptive abstract or argumentative abstract.

(2) Only two or three sentences are needed to summarize the theme of the paper, and arguments and conclusions are not involved. Mostly used for summary, meeting report, etc.

3. Indicative summary of report

Mainly in the form of reportable summary, the part with high information value in the document can be expressed, and the rest can be expressed in the form of indicative summary.