I. Basic elements of life and their biological functions

I. Elements of life

Everything in nature is made up of chemical elements, and the human body is no exception. Various chemical elements have different functions in the human body. Health and longevity are people's long-cherished wishes, but many data prove that diseases that endanger health are closely related to the imbalance of some elements in the body. Therefore, understanding the functions and existing forms of life elements in human body, studying their complexes with protein, nucleic acids, amino acids, nucleotides and other life-active ligands and related metabolites, especially studying the relationship between their structures, properties and biological functions, so as to reveal the mysteries of life, is undoubtedly conducive to preventing diseases, strengthening the body and maintaining health.

Life element refers to an indispensable life element in an organism that can maintain its normal life activity function. By studying the relationship between environmental elements and life elements, scientists know that in the process of adapting to survival and evolution, organisms have gradually formed a set of protection mechanisms for absorbing, excreting and adapting to these elements. Research shows that the elements existing in life can be divided into four types:

(1) life element. According to its content, it can be divided into macro elements and trace elements;

(2) Nutritional elements that may be beneficial or auxiliary (possibly potential life elements);

(3) pollution elements;

(4) toxic elements.

There are about 27 kinds of essential elements for human body, among which major elements are O, C, H, N, Ca, P, K, S, Cl, Na and Mg, accounting for 99.95% of human body weight, and trace elements only account for 0.05% of human body weight. They are: iron, fluorine, zinc, silicon, bromine, tin and copper.

Beneficial elements means that if the human body lacks these elements (such as lithium, cerium, aluminum, arsenic, rubidium, titanium, strontium, boron and rare earth elements), it can maintain life, but it cannot be considered healthy.

There is an optimal intake of essential elements. For example, if iodine is taken as mg/day-1, the minimum requirement for human body is 0. 1 and the tolerance is 1000. If it is greater than 1000, it is the toxic dose.

There are 20 ~ 30 kinds of elements that are ubiquitous in various tissues, and their concentrations are changing, but their biological effects have not been completely determined, and they may also come from environmental pollution, so they are called pollution elements. When I feel there is

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