I. Intensive land use
China has a large population and little land, and the per capita cultivated land area is only 1.57 mu. In recent years, the cultivated land area has decreased sharply, and the national grain output has stagnated or even declined slightly. In this case, there is still a serious phenomenon of extensive management of rural land in China. Intensive use of rural land is imminent.
Intensive use of rural land is also intensive management of rural land, that is, in a certain area of land, more means of production and labor are concentrated, and advanced technology and management methods are adopted in order to obtain high output and high income in a small area of land.
Problems in rural land use: (1) The land is occupied in large quantities, and the amount of cultivated land is sharply reduced. (B) extensive management of agricultural land, the quality of cultivated land declined seriously. (C) vague land property rights.
In view of the above problems, my opinion is that land use should be combined with land maintenance, and comprehensive land improvement should be carried out by relying on science and technology. Effectively increase investment in land transformation, rely on science and technology, change the situation of declining cultivated land quality, and fully tap the potential of increasing cultivated land production. (1) Promote the reform of rural land circulation system. At present, because the contract responsibility system is not suitable for agricultural industrialization and scale operation, it is difficult for agriculture to realize the modern management of intensive land use if the rural land circulation is not smooth. We must promote the reform of land circulation system as soon as possible, promote the modern scale operation of agriculture, and realize the purpose of intensive utilization of rural land and rational allocation of rural land resources. (2) Vigorously strengthen rural land consolidation. Land consolidation is not only to increase cultivated land, but also to realize the ecological utilization of rural land, reduce idle land, reduce pollution to rural land, reduce soil erosion and achieve the purpose of intensive land use. (3) Relying on science and technology to improve the land output rate. Popularize agricultural science and technology in rural areas, improve farmers' scientific and cultural level, guide farmers to scientific farming, intensive management, balanced formula and scientific fertilization, actively develop organic fertilizer sources, improve soil ecological environment and improve soil's own pollution-solving ability.
Second, the scale of land use.
Land use scale: refers to the scale of land occupied by relatively independent business entities (such as enterprises and cities) in economic activities, and is an index reflecting the concentration of land production factors.
At present, the utilization rate of rural land is not very high, and the output of land has not been greatly improved compared with before. However, the production cost of land is rising, resulting in little land income and a decrease in farmers' enthusiasm for farming. In some areas, land abandonment has actually occurred, and the scale of rural land is an inevitable development trend. The core of rural land comprehensive utilization mode lies in land circulation and "large-scale planting and intensive management" based on modern agricultural science and technology.
On the premise of keeping the household contract responsibility system unchanged and stabilizing the land contract management relationship, adhere to the principle of organic unity of fairness and benefit, on the basis of farmers' voluntary, guided by the government and village committees, and through reasonable ways such as land consolidation, the scattered land will be concentrated into pieces, and on the basis of stabilizing farmers' land property rights, the market-oriented mechanism and socialized service for the transfer of agricultural land management rights will be formed as soon as possible, effectively solving the closure, administration and instability of the current agricultural land transfer; Improve the land transfer market, negotiate with large growers and farmers, and farmers will transfer the land management right to large growers independently; Take "large households" as the unit to carry out moderate scale planting and intensive management. Adopting fine varieties, scientific planting methods and large-scale mechanized production, agricultural production should change from simply pursuing yield to paying attention to improving quality and protecting agricultural ecological environment, and agricultural development should change to applying biotechnology and environmental protection technology, and gradually applying geographic information system and satellite remote sensing technology; Subsidize farmers who participate in this model, and clearly stipulate appropriate and reasonable compensation for villagers.