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Translation of Cao Gui Debate
In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the army of Qi came to attack the state of Lu in China, and Duke Zhuang of Lu was ready to fight. Cao Gui requested an audience with Duke Zhuang of Lu. His folks said: "People who are in high positions and enjoy a good salary will plan this, so why (you) should participate?" Cao Gui said: "People who are in high positions and enjoy great wealth are too short-sighted to think ahead." So he went to appear before Duke Zhuang of Lu. Cao Gui asked Duke Zhuang of Lu, "What are you fighting for?" Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "If you dare not have food, clothing and health, you must give it to others." Cao Gui replied, "People won't listen to you because this little favor hasn't reached them yet." Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "I never dare to exaggerate the number of pigs, cows, sheep, jade and silk used for sacrifice. I must tell God truthfully." Cao Gui replied: "A small contribution cannot be trusted by God, and God will not bless you." Lu Zhuanggong said: "Even if I don't understand the litigation case, I will definitely deal with it according to the facts." Cao Gui replied, "This is something that I have done my duty. You can fight a war with this. If you fight, please allow me to follow you. " Duke Zhuang of Lu and Cao Gui rode in the same car, and the two armies fought. Duke Zhuang of Lu is going to March on drums. Cao Gui said, "No." The Qi army beat drums three times to advance. Cao Gui said, "That's enough." The Qi army was defeated. Duke Zhuang of Lu wants to catch the Qi army. Said, "No." He got out of the car and looked at Qi's wheel tracks. He boarded the crossbar in front of the car and saw the Qi army retreat, saying, "We can pursue." So Duke Zhuang of Lu ordered the pursuit of the Qi army. Duke Zhuang of Lu defeated the Qi army and asked Cao Gui why he won. Cao Gui replied, "Fighting depends on courage. Drumming for the first time can boost morale; The second drum beating will weaken morale; When I played drums for the third time, my morale was exhausted. The other side's morale is exhausted, and our army's morale is strong, so we can defeat the Qi army. Qi is a vast and unpredictable country. I'm afraid there is an ambush there. But seeing the marks on their wheels messy and the flags falling, they went after the Qi army. "

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Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period is said to have been written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Liu Zhiji's History of Liu Tongjia in the Tang Dynasty: "He who left home was born in Zuo Qiuming." Since then, many scholars have expressed doubts about this. Many people think that Zuo Zhuan was not Zuo Qiuming. At present, it is generally believed that Zuo Zhuan was not written by one person, and it was written in the middle of the Warring States Period (the middle of the 4th century). Some scholars compiled it during the Warring States Period, and the main part was probably written by Zuo Qiuming. But it is also possible that it was not written by Zuo Qiuming, but by others during the Warring States period. 1 Zuo Zhuan, based on Chunqiu, illustrates the outline of Chunqiu by describing specific historical facts in the Spring and Autumn Period. Note: Selected from Zuo Zhuan's Ten Years of Zhuang Gong. The title was added by the editor. People close to you think that it was compiled by people in the Warring States period, a historical masterpiece and a literary masterpiece. The war written in this article is the war between Qilu and Shuozhou, so it is also called "the battle of the long spoon". 2 Decades: the tenth year of Lu Zhuanggong (684 BC). 3 Qi Division: Qi army. Qi, in today's central Shandong Province. Teacher: The army. 4 cutting (fá): crusade and attack. I mean Lu. Lu, in the southwest of Shandong today. Zuo Zhuan was written according to Lu's Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period, so Lu was called "I". five

Gong: the general name of princes, here refers to Duke Zhuang of Lu. (Gui): The doctor of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. A famous military theorist. Carnivore: People who eat meat refer to people who enjoy high status and rich salary. 8 Jian: participation. 9 vulgarity: meanness. The myopia 10 here is: so, just. Goodbye: visit. How to type 1 1: that is, "how to type", prepositional object. Why are you fighting? Take: preposition, use, depend, depend. 12 Have no worries about food and clothing, and fu (fú) dares to specialize: clothes and food, which are health-preserving things, dare not be exclusive. Ann, this means "raising". Christopher, no. Exclusive, exclusive. 13: "Be sure to share it with others", be sure to share it with others. 14 Yes: Answer. Generally used for bottom-up answers. 15 ℉: preach "all pass" and popularize it. 16 Sacrifice to Jade and Silk (bó): Ancient Sacrifice. Sacrifice, pigs, cows, sheep, etc. Jade, jade, silk. 17 plus: false report. 18 be faithful: you must rely on the truth (tell God). Faithfulness means telling the truth to God. 19 Xiao Xin's unfulfilled (fú): (This is only) a small contribution, which can't convince the immortal. Fu's words are convincing. Blessing: Nouns as verbs, blessing, blessing. 2 1 prison: case. 22 although: even if. 23 Inspection: Clear inspection. Feeling: (Based on) the fact. Loyalty also: (this is) doing my job well. Loyal, do your best to do your job. Genus, a thing. You can fight: you can fight, and you can fight with this condition. Please follow (if) the war, please allow me to follow. Ride with him: Duke Zhuang of Lu rides with him in a chariot. , refers to Cao Gui. 29 Yu: Right. Long spoon: Shandong place name, in the east of Qufu County, Shandong Province. 30 drums: nouns as verbs, beating drums to move forward. There is no point in filling in syllables. 3 1 fiasco: fiasco. 32 chi: drive (chase). 33 Tracks (zhé): Tracks on which wheels roll. Stone 34: The crossbar in front of the ancient carriage was used as the armrest for passengers. This refers to the crossbar in front of the car. 35 chase: chase, chase. 36 grams: defeated. Yes, it has already started. Dick, take it if you win. 37 reasons: reasons, reasons. 38 (fú) Fighting, so is courage: Fighting depends on courage. It is meaningless to use "fú" at the beginning of a sentence when making a sentence, discussing or explaining it. Assembly: beating gongs and drums for the first time (can) cheer (soldiers). Cheer up. Drum, drum March. Another 40: the second time. 4 1 exhaustion: (morale) exhaustion. English: I'm full. Morale is high here. Test: estimate, guess. 43 volts: ambush. 44: rut, the trace of the wheel running over the ground 45 (mǐ): falling down. 46 Remaining: Full. Morale is high here.

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Three lines translation

In the spring of ten years, Qi Division attacked me, Duke Zhuang of Lu in the spring of ten years, and Qi Army came to attack our country of Lu, attack, attack. Qi's army. Duke Zhuang is going to fight. The king asked to see Lord Zhuang. Duke Zhuang of Lu is going to fight. Cao Gui requested an audience with Duke Zhuang of Lu. Will: Will. His fellow countryman said, "People in power will plan this. Why do you want to participate?" ? "His folks said," People who are in high positions and enjoy rich salaries will plan this, so why (you) should participate? "Between: participation. Seek: plan. " People in power are short-sighted and unable to think deeply, "Cao Gui said." People in high positions and enjoying great wealth are too short-sighted to think ahead. " Carnivore: here refers to people who are in high positions and enjoy rich rewards. Mean: short-sighted. Visionary: visionary. Then they went to the court to see the duke. "What are you fighting for?" Cao Gui asked. So he went into the yard and visited Duke Zhuang of Lu. Cao Gui asked Duke Zhuang of Lu, "What are you fighting for? "Nye: So, just. Use: use, rely on, rely on. Gong said: "Food and clothing are safe, and those who dare to specialize will be divided into people. Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "If you dare not have food, clothing and health, you must give it to others. "specialization: exclusive. Ann: Lift it up. Clothes: clothes. Food: food. Cao Gui replied, "This small favor can't benefit the people, and the people won't obey you. Cao Gui replied, "People won't listen to you because this little favor hasn't reached them yet. "Hey: The same" time "is everywhere. Hui: Yes. F: No. Follow: Obey and follow. Duke Zhuang said, "I never dare to exaggerate the number of pigs, sheep, jade articles, silks, etc. for sacrifice. I must tell God the truth. Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "I never dare to boast about the pigs, cows, sheep, jade and silk used for sacrifice, but I must tell God truthfully. "Sacrifice pigs, cows, sheep, etc. Jade, jade articles; Silk, silk fabrics. Plus: false report. Cao Gui said, "Mix has made great contributions. Without the trust of the gods, the gods will not bless you. "."Cao Gui replied, "A small contribution cannot be trusted by God, and God will not bless you." F: people are convinced. F: Blessing, blessing. Letter: Credit. Zhuang Gong said: "Even if you can't see all the lawsuits in Mix, I must be based on facts." Duke Zhuang of Lu said: "Even if you can't figure out the big and small cases, you should deal with them according to the facts." Prison: case. Although: even if. Must: definitely. By: according to. Emotion: (Based on) facts. Check: Observe clearly. Yes: "Loyalty belongs to you. You can go to war. Please follow the war. " Cao Gui replied, "This is something that I have done my duty. You can fight a war (in this condition). If you fight, please let me follow. " Loyalty: Do your best to perform your duties. Genus: class. Please: please allow. Follow: follow. Yes: yes; Yes, to; With. On that day, Qi Huangong and Cao Gui sat in a chariot and fought with Qi Jun in Beidou. Zhuang Gongzheng wants to order drums. Duke Zhuang of Lu and * * * sat in a chariot and fought in Changshao (and Qi). Duke Zhuang of Lu is going to beat the drums. Drum: beat the drum to move forward. "Not now," said Cao Gui. "Wait until after Qi Jun drummed three times. Cao Gui said, "No need." Qi Jun drummed the drum three times and said, "No need. "Qi Jun was completely defeated. Their duke ordered the horse to be chased by the horse. Cao Gui said, "That's enough. "Qi was defeated. Duke Zhuang of Lu is going to chase the Qi army by car again. Chi: Drive (catch up). Defeat: rout. " "Not now," Cao Gui said. Then, depending on the situation, Cao Gui said, "(not yet)." Get off the chariot and look at the wheel prints of the Qi army. Hey; Traces left by wheels running over the ground. Next: Get off. Visual inspection: the inspection is completed. Deng looked at it and said, "Not bad." So, the pursuit of Qi Jun was pursued. He boarded the crossbar in front of the car and saw the formation of the Qi army in the distance, saying, "That's enough." So I chased the Qi army. S: In ancient times, the crossbar in front of a carriage was used as a handrail for passengers. This refers to the front crossbar. Sui: So, just. One by one: chase. Look: Look, look. After winning, the king asked him why he won. After defeating Qi, Duke Zhuang of Lu asked Cao Gui why he did it. Rick: After defeating the Qi army. It's already started. He said: "It takes courage to fight. High spirits, then decline, three exhausted. I am tired, I am surplus, so I will overcome it. Cao Gui replied, "Fighting depends on courage. Drumming for the first time can boost morale; The morale of the second drum beat began to be low; When I played drums for the third time, my morale was exhausted. The other side's morale is exhausted, and our army's morale is strong, so we can defeat the Qi army. Again: the second time. Decline: weakness. Tired: exhausted. English: I'm full. Here refers to high morale. Krishnamurti: Victory. Great powers are unpredictable and frightening. Big countries are hard to guess. I'm afraid there is an ambush there. Test: estimate, guess. Fear: I'm afraid. V: ambush. I regard it as chaos and look at its flag, so I chase it. "I saw that their wheel marks were messy and their flags were falling, so I went after the Qi army." Qi Shi cut me: I fell down.