The next spring, the water fell and moved to the east of the former residence, at the foot of Dongshan Mountain. Looking up, you will find a strange place where a pavilion was made. Pengcheng Mountain, Siqiuling, hidden as a big ring; The only thing missing is its west, and the Mountain Man Pavilion is just right.
At the turn of spring and summer, there are trees and grass; Autumn, winter, snowy moon, thousands of miles away Between wind and rain, the pitch is changeable.
The mountain man has two cranes, very docile and good at flying. Dan is looking forward to the deficiency of Xishan and letting go, because it is, or standing in the field, or Xiang Yu Yunbiao; At dusk, I returned to Dongshan, hence the name "He Fangting".
Su Shi, the county magistrate, went to see the villagers from Bin Zuo Wei and enjoyed drinking in the pavilion. He told the villagers, "Do you know the happiness of seclusion? Although he is the king of the south, it is not easy to change.
"Yi" says: "The crane is in the shade, and its son is in harmony." "Poetry" said:' He Ming is in the ninth high school, and his voice is heard in the sky.
Covering it as a thing, Qingyuan is idle and detached from the dust, so Yi, a scholar, is better than a sage and a gentleman. A person who hides his virtue should play with it if it is beneficial rather than harmful, but a good crane in Wei Yigong will ruin his country.
Duke Zhou wrote "wine" and Duke Wu of Wei wrote "restraint", thinking that there was no such thing as drunkenness. Disciples of Liu Ling and Ruan Ji are famous for their truth. Hey, honey! Nanwang, Qingyuan is as idle as a crane, but it is still not good, and good will destroy its country; And the hermit in the deep mountain forest, although confused and defeated like wine, can't do harm, but what's the harm? From this perspective, it cannot be mentioned in the same breath. "
The mountain man smiled happily and said, "Yes!" It's a song of releasing cranes and inviting them. It says: cranes fly to the western hills, looking down from the air, and choose a place to go. When I turned my wings and folded them, I gathered them together. Suddenly I saw what I saw, but I hit them again.
Alone in the valley, pecking at moss, walking on the white stone. The return of the crane is the shadow of Dongshan.
There are people under the tree, wearing sandals, Ge clothes and playing drums. Dig and eat, and you will be satisfied with the rest.
Come back, come back, Xishan won't stay long.
2. Extracurricular Classical Chinese Writing Landscape Writing Extracurricular Classical Chinese Writing Landscape
Heting
Su Shi
In ten autumn in Xining, Pengcheng is full of water, and Zhangjun Caotang in Yunlong Mountain is full of water for half a year. The next spring, the water fell and moved to the east of the former residence, at the foot of Dongshan Mountain. Looking up, you will find a strange place where a pavilion was made. Pengcheng Mountain, Siqiuling, hidden as a big ring; The only thing missing is its west, and the Mountain Man Pavilion is just right. At the turn of spring and summer, there are trees and grass; Autumn, winter, snowy moon, thousands of miles away Between wind and rain, the pitch is changeable.
The mountain man has two cranes, very docile and good at flying. Dan is looking forward to the deficiency of Xishan and letting go, because it is, or standing in the field, or Xiang Yu Yunbiao; At dusk, I returned to Dongshan, hence the name "He Fangting".
Su Shi, the county magistrate, went to see the villagers from Bin Zuo Wei and enjoyed drinking in the pavilion. He told the villagers, "Do you know the happiness of seclusion? Although it is the southern king, it is not easy to change. " "Yi" says: "The crane is in the shade, and its son is in harmony. "Poetry" says: "The crane is heard in Jiugao, and its voice is heard in the sky. "Cover it as a thing, Qingyuan is idle, detached from the dust, so an old friend is easy, and a gentleman is not as good as a sage. A person who hides his virtue should play with it if it is beneficial rather than harmful, but a good crane in Wei Yigong will ruin his country. Duke Zhou wrote "wine" and Duke Wu of Wei wrote "restraint", thinking that there was no such thing as drunkenness. Disciples of Liu Ling and Ruan Ji are famous for their truth. Hey, honey! Nanwang, Qingyuan is as idle as a crane, but it is still not good, and good will destroy its country; And the hermit in the deep mountain forest, although confused and defeated like wine, can't do harm, but what's the harm? From this perspective, it cannot be mentioned in the same breath. " The mountain man smiled happily and said, "Yes!" This is a song about letting cranes fly and inviting them:
The crane flew to the western hills to see what it was suitable for in the air. When I turned my wings and folded them, I gathered them together. Suddenly I saw what I saw, but I hit them again. Alone in the valley, pecking at moss, walking on the white stone.
The return of the crane is the shadow of Dongshan. There are people under the tree, wearing sandals, Ge clothes and playing drums. Dig and eat, and you will be satisfied with the rest. Come back, come back, Xishan won't stay long.
3. Reading comprehension of writing landscape prose 1. Walking in Anting Old Street in drizzle.
Foggy, like white gauze, with faint ink, ancient trees, ancient bridges, ancient pagodas, ancient temples ... in the rain and fog, beauty is not charming, beauty is not charming. There is no noise on a sunny day.
The old street is quiet and silent, and the faint bell coming from Bordet seems to have an ethereal illusion, like a fairy descending to earth, which can only be understood but not expressed. Antique bluestone slabs polished by rain spread in every shop in Gu Xiang. You can't help but stop and browse antiques, rocks, calligraphy and paintings, and craft ornaments, from which you can feel the profoundness of China culture and the natural mystery of the earth. You can't help but admire the skill and sharp eyes of businessmen. In this ancient town, there are such noble and high-quality eye-catching exhibits that you can't help but linger. Sometimes I unconsciously take out my wallet and let the shopkeeper pack and play with my heartbeat, but it seems to be a satisfaction. Although the wallet is flat, you can upgrade your own hall, which is fun.
Standing on the old pomegranate bridge, the river flows slowly. This ancient river, after many renovations and dredging, has attracted many excellent fishermen and even trawlers, making the newly surviving fish seem to be in danger of extinction.
The ancient pomegranate, which suffered from Cang Sang, has been blooming for many years, and its roots are planted in the cracks of the bridge, and it thrives several times. She dedicated her beauty to the room, but the children hurt her everywhere. Every time I stand on this bridge and look at the ancient pomegranate destroyed by the class, I have tears! On both sides of the river, ancient trees are vigorous and boundless, adding a layer of mystery to the ancient town. I said, Anting, an ancient town, is unparalleled in beauty. By the Cross River, the ancient pagoda stands tall.
The wind blows the tower bell, and the tower bell rings, tinkling and melodious, accompanied by the intermittent rain, such as the sound of nature, floating melodiously in the ancient town. The reflection of the ancient pagoda vibrates on the river, and the reflection of the stone arch bridge is a beautiful circle. This scene is only in the ancient town, so I can't help but slow down and chew slowly.
Pick up the old street, there will be surprises inadvertently. Architectural signs and stone tablets reveal the style and culture of the ancient town; Gables and the moon show the charm of old streets; It is worth mentioning that the promenade and gazebo can rest, and when you are tired, you can play cards and chess for entertainment. It is a good place to shelter from the wind and rain and add a lot of color to the old street.
Watching and listening to the rain in the porch and pavilion, there is no wind, like the misty rain in Yangzhou in March, which adds an illusory feeling ... My thoughts will go with the rain. The south of the old street is still the old street. Incredibly, the old streets in the south are decadent, old and dirty, which is quite different from the old streets.
The dilapidated old street in the south is inhabited by a large number of foreigners, and the public security is worrying. Although it is a small bridge, a stream and a home, it is a backward footnote, which makes the imagination infinite.
How many processes have evolved in the long history? The south old street in front of me made me feel the Cang Sang and helplessness of the world. I have to savor and chew slowly before I can figure out the taste. Anting old street, like an endless ink painting, has a long artistic conception, which is hard to let go. People who want to leave are uneasy, and they all want to finish the last few strokes that the Lord has not finished. They look forward to the perfect picture in front of them, and sincerely wish the old street to be restored, prosperous and the ancient town will last forever.
Lushan Mountain is the place that everyone hopes to go when they see the snowy Lushan Mountain. When I was a child, I watched romance in Lushan Mountain, as if a breeze had blown into my heart and I was ecstatic.
Later, when I studied history, I learned that after Chiang Kai-shek first visited Lushan Mountain on 1926 and 12, he repeatedly commanded Lushan Mountain to surround Jiangxi and the revolutionary base areas in the Central Plains. He also established an officer training regiment in Lushan Mountain, and built three buildings, namely Lushan Library, Learning Hall and Lushan Lobby, to train more than 2,500 officers. * * *1On June 29th, 959, I visited Lushan for the first time, and then I held the Eighth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee, the Central Working Conference and the Third Plenary Session of the Ninth Central Committee, making Lushan more famous at home and abroad.
As a result, Ben had more yearning for Lushan Mountain. Some people say that Jingshan (Mountain) is proud and Lushan is frustrated. I don't think so.
Lushan Mountain is a famous mountain throughout the ages. It is not only a "magnificent mountain in the world", but also a "famous cultural mountain where literati gather". So, last June165438+1October, the footsteps of winter had not set foot on the land of Jiangnan, but we embarked on the road of climbing "one mountain flies to the river and jumps 400 times".
When the car goes downhill, stop to check whether the snow chains are ready. The inspector told us that it snowed again last night, which made the road more difficult. He repeatedly told us to pay attention to safety.
Some colleagues have been to Lushan Mountain, knowing that there are strange clouds, heavy fog and poetic rain, but I don't know what the snow scene of Lushan Mountain is like. Some people have never been to Lushan Mountain, and they really want to have a look. Although the inspector said the road was difficult, they could not give up halfway and would not go home until July and August next year. Besides, we are all from Jiangnan, and the snow scene is rare. Welcome to see the snow scene.
So, everyone insisted on going to see Lushan Mountain. We drove all the way, winding around, not knowing whether it was 400 or 300. The window glass of the main car is getting colder and colder, and the scene outside the window is constantly changing.
Gradually, there is a creeping mountain under your feet. The mountains gradually changed from gray to silvery white; Trees, at first, are the fiery red of maple leaves and the golden yellow of fallen leaves. Gradually, sporadic snowdrifts and gray-black trees are dotted with each other, like a camellia forest full of white flowers in the south of the Yangtze River; Occasionally there will be piles of snow on both sides of the road, which will be deposited in the depression and soon even the snow will be white.
More and more far away, the snow is getting bigger and bigger. White snow spreads from the top of the mountain and extends halfway up the mountain, like plain brocade woven by Weaver Girl. The road became more and more difficult, and the snow piled up on both sides of the road.
The deciduous trees on the mountain lost their ice, and the evergreen conifers became underwater corals, which looked like Santa Claus from a distance and a bride in a wedding dress. The bushes on the whole mountain have turned into sheep.
The car can't go any further, so it needs to stop and install snow chains. When we get off the bus, we all pull branches like children, and we will have a close contact with nature.
Some took out their cameras and left a rare "jade photo"; Some step on the creaking snow with their feet; Others aimed at the ice hanging from the hillside, picked it off by hand and put it in a bowl; Others grabbed a lot of snow particles, smashed them into the distance and shouted at the sky: "Lushan, you are so beautiful!" " "I remember a song.
4. The classification of extracurricular reading of classical Chinese in junior middle school is 1, with words and aspirations: but different genres: argumentative and narrative.
From the perspective of ancient style, there are "recording", "saying", "inscription", "table" and "biography". "Ji", "Shuo" and "Ming" are all ancient styles.
However, there are great differences in the depth and breadth of ideological content, and in the embodiment of writing methods and writing characteristics. For example, in the classroom, the classical Chinese "Humble Room Inscription" and "Love Lotus Theory" are all written in the form of supporting objects to express their aspirations.
"Peach Blossom Garden" and "Keiko Xiangliang" have strong stories and rich imagination. Although Fish is an argumentative essay, it is good at metaphor and uses a lot of even sentences, which is rich in literary talent and momentum.
2. War articles: In class, such as "Tang Ju failed to fulfill his mission", "public defeat", "getting more help from the Tao, not following the Tao" and "Cao Gui's Debate", the same is true for extracurricular choices. Stylistically, Tang dramas "Live Up to the Mission", "Slippery in Public" and "The Debate over Cao Gui" are narratives, while "The Way to Help More" and "The Way to Help Less" are argumentative.
The three narratives mainly recite words, and express the characters' personality characteristics and opinions through the characters' language. However, the writing characteristics are still different: the author of "Tangju Live Up to the Mission" put these two characters in sharp conflict, not only vividly expressed their respective personality characteristics through dialogue, but also portrayed them with various forms of comparison and contrast.
"Public Losing" tells the truth and highlights the characters through vivid stories with twists and turns around contradictions and conflicts. The author is also good at using metaphors and different levels of reasoning.
Cao Gui's Debate describes the historical facts of the Battle of the Long Spoon, but its title is Debate, so the article focuses on Debate. The narrative of the war is quite simple, the material arrangement is meticulous and appropriate, and the characters are portrayed skillfully by contrast. On the other hand, the book "How to Help Others by Getting the Way, but How to Help Others by Getting the Way", which focuses on argumentation, is good at using parallelism, with neat and fluent sentences, consistency, persuasiveness, diverse techniques and rigorous argumentation.
3. Learning articles: In the classroom, such as Ten Articles of the Analects of Confucius, Hurting Zhong Yong, Sun Quan's Persuading Learning, and Preface to Sending Ma Sheng to Dongyang, the above articles are all related to learning, but each article has a different angle. Ten Analects of Confucius directly tells us the attitude and method of learning in the form of notes. "Shang" is an article that uses stories to reason. Taking Fang Zhongyong as an example, this paper completely describes the changing process of Fang Zhongyong from five to twenty years old, and shows the importance of acquired education to success.
Sun Quan Persuades Learning tells the story of Monroe's "beginner" under Sun Quan's persuasion. His talent soon grows amazingly long, which makes Lu Su gasp in admiration and makes friends with him, which shows the importance of learning to people. Preface to seeing Ma Sheng off in Dongyang is a preface. The author introduced his learning experience and attitude through narration and discussion, and earnestly encouraged Ma Sheng to study hard and become a person with both ability and political integrity.
The truth is also very enlightening to us today. It is worth noting that Sun Quan's "Persuade to Learn" and Shang's two articles are worth reading while studying. The former made amazing progress after writing that Monroe was "in charge of the school" and was persuaded by Sun Quan to "start studying". The latter wrote that Fang Zhongyong was brilliant as a child, but he was "forgotten by everyone" because his father "refused to learn".
Both articles are related to learning, but one is right and the other is wrong. One is to study hard and achieve something when you are old. The other is that you haven't studied since you were a child and have accomplished nothing. This shows the importance of learning from different aspects. In addition, the writing of the two articles is also different: the former focuses on dialogue and is concise; The latter is a combination of narrative and discussion, arguing with things.
4. Landscape articles: Mountain City, Three Gorges, Bell Worship, Night Tour to Chengtian Temple, Tide Watching, Lake Pavilion Snow Watching, Zhu Thinking, Xiaoshitang, Yueyang Tower, Zuiweng Pavilion, Travel Notes. The above works are all ancient travel notes or scenic spots. Xiao Shi Chi Ji, Yue Yang Lou Ji, Zuiweng Pavilion Ji, Travel Notes of Man Jing, Night Tour of Chengtian Temple, etc. are all formed by describing strange mountains, strange waters and natural landscapes.
Both "Bell Worship" and "Letters with Zhu" describe beautiful landscapes in the form of short messages. Although the styles are different, they are mostly composed of narrative, scenery and images, all of which are aimed at expressing the author's feelings and ambitions.
Among them, The Three Gorges, Bell Worship, Night Tour in Chengtian Temple, Looking at the Lake Pavilion and Snow, Writing with Zhu, and The Story of Little Stone Pond are all vivid landscape sketches, full of poetry and painting, with high artistry but not strong ideology. They all grasp the characteristics of the scenery, use various expressions and rhetorical devices to highlight the characteristics of mountains and rivers.
The article from the scene into the mood, into the mood into the scene. Although the scenery is different and the artistic conception of writing is different, they are all famous articles that express feelings through scenery.
Yue and Zui are masterpieces handed down from generation to generation. They are not only ideological but also artistic. And these two authors-Fan Zhongyan (a writer whose works have distinct political content) and Ouyang Xiu (one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, with unique prose writing style), have distinct personalities and unique styles in the creation of literary works.
For example, (1) Yue is written in a lyrical way, with concise language and rich philosophy. Drunk is a combination of narrative and lyric, with beautiful language and poetic flavor.
(2) Yue mainly shows the author's positive and enterprising thoughts, his political ambition of worrying about the country and the people and taking the world as his own responsibility, and his emotions are passionate. "Drunk" mainly shows that the author's career is frustrated, his ambition is hard to pay, and he can only force a smile and have fun with the people, expressing his infinite anguish over the mountains and rivers, and his mood is relatively low.
(3) There is a famous saying in ancient and modern times ("Yue" has "the worry of the world first, the joy of the world later." The meaning of drunkenness is not in wine, but in mountains and rivers.
"5. Governing the country: During the trip to the Avenue, Zou Ji satirized coachable, the king of Qi, who was born in sorrow and died in happiness, how to help others when enlightened, and how to help others when denied, all of which expressed the idea of governing the country. A Passage to the Avenue reflects the political ideal of Confucianism by introducing the characteristics of Datong society. The ideal society should be: everyone can be cared for by the whole society; Everyone can live and work in peace; Make the best use of everything and make the best use of people.
The book "Getting more help from the Tao but not from the Tao" demonstrates the importance of the idea of "harmony between people" in governing the country. Born in sorrow and died in happiness.
5. Among the ancient poems, the famous sentence 1, full of magnificent scenery and broad artistic conception, lived longer than heaven and earth, longer than the sun and the moon, and lived in Guang Qi-Warring States Period. Chu Quyuan; 2. It's a long way, but this is Xiu Yuan, so I will unite as one. -the warring States period. Qu Yuan.