Chapter 1: Stimulating and Cultivating Students' Interest in Junior Middle School Physical Education Teaching

Interest is the basis of learning. In the teaching process, only students who are interested in what they have learned are willing to actively participate in learning, listen carefully to the teacher's explanation and learn knowledge well. Therefore, in teaching, teachers must pay attention to stimulate students' interest in learning, constantly improve their own teaching methods and strategies, and carry out teaching according to the development needs of junior high school students, which is also a way to improve teaching quality.

First, do a good job in classroom introduction, create a good teaching situation, and stimulate students' interest.

When a teacher is lecturing, if there is no passion in the way of lecturing in class, he will only follow the book and lack new ideas. Then students will inevitably feel that the teacher's teaching is boring and meaningless when studying, and it is difficult to carry out the following teaching smoothly. Therefore, in teaching, teachers need to do a good job of classroom introduction first, so that students can feel that the teacher's teaching methods are interesting, which can better stimulate their interest.

Teachers can try to create some interesting teaching situations to stimulate students' interest in learning. For example, in traditional physical education class, teachers may do warm-up exercises at the beginning of class, usually jogging or in-situ activities. These activities may interest students at the first contact, but with the passage of time, students' interest may gradually disappear. Therefore, in teaching, teachers should be good at innovation. For example, they can lead in before class according to the teaching content. When learning basketball, teachers can first show students fancy basketball to stimulate their interest. In addition, teachers can also introduce some games that they liked to play when they were young, such as kicking shuttlecock and jumping rubber bands, to arouse students' interest in learning.

Second, optimize the exercise design and highlight diversity and interest.

In physical education class, the main way for students to acquire knowledge cannot rely entirely on the teacher's explanation. The teacher's explanation is only to help students master methods and skills. The knowledge acquired by students mainly comes from their practice. Only through repeated practice can students truly turn the knowledge taught by teachers into their own and improve their abilities. However, in physical education class, many teachers use mechanical practice methods. For example, practice projects are based on the requirements of exams, and students' interests and actual needs are rarely considered. This kind of practice makes students learn more passively, which is not conducive to the cultivation of interest.

Therefore, the author thinks that in physical exercise, we should optimize the design and adopt various exercise methods, so as to make students feel the interest of exercise according to their actual development needs as much as possible. For example, teachers can introduce some small games or set some small competitions during practice. For example, in basketball training, teachers can divide the students in the class into several groups and let them compete with each other, so that students can master knowledge faster and arouse their enthusiasm for learning.

Third, use incentives to arouse students' interest in learning.

It is difficult to find two identical leaves in the world, and it is also difficult to find two identical students in a class. Due to the differences in life experience and environment, students' understanding ability and physical quality are also quite different. For example, some students are very keen on sports learning, some students are disgusted with sports learning, some students have good physical fitness and strong sports learning ability, and some students have poor physical fitness and weak sports acceptance ability.

Because of this situation, many students lack interest in physical education class and are unwilling to learn sports knowledge. Therefore, the author believes that in teaching, teachers should learn to encourage students and treat students in the class with a developmental perspective. If there are students in the class who have made progress in the training process, the teacher should praise them in time and encourage them to continue their efforts. Students hope to be affirmed by others, so that their enthusiasm for learning will be stronger and their interest will be better stimulated. Therefore, when teaching, teachers should learn to motivate students and guide them to establish learning confidence.

Fourth, adopt a variety of teaching methods to stimulate students' interest in learning.

Junior high school students are in adolescence. They are eager for knowledge and curiosity, and are eager to meet new things. In teaching, if the teacher only uses one teaching method for a long time, students may soon feel tired of learning and think that the teacher's teaching is boring. Therefore, the author believes that teachers should learn to innovate constantly while imparting physical education knowledge, and should not be bound by their own thoughts in class, but should constantly learn new knowledge and adopt various teaching methods to teach. Such as group cooperative learning mode, autonomous learning mode, multimedia teaching mode, etc., through various teaching modes, students' subjective consciousness in class can be exerted to the maximum extent, so that they can feel the interest in physical education learning, realize the importance of physical education learning to their own development and actively participate in teaching.

In short, physical education has a vital impact on students' life, and junior high school is a critical period for students' physical development. Teachers pay attention to stimulating and cultivating students' interest in learning in physical education, which is helpful for students to form a healthy concept of physical education, contribute to their healthy development and play an extremely important role in their future development.

The second part: the present situation and countermeasures of physical education teaching in middle schools.

Physical education class is an important part of middle school students' study and an important way to increase students' physical exercise and improve their physical fitness. Junior high school students are in a critical period of physical and mental development, so it is of great significance to guide students to actively participate in physical exercise, enhance their physique and promote their healthy and all-round development. However, there are still many problems in middle school physical education teaching, such as monotonous teaching content and serious shortage of teaching equipment, which seriously limits the smooth development of physical education teaching, and students' enthusiasm for physical exercise is not high, which has become the biggest constraint for students' physical quality improvement. As a middle school physical education teacher, we need to analyze and think about the current teaching situation, and put forward effective solutions, so as to improve students' interest in physical exercise, ensure the smooth development of physical education classroom teaching, and then achieve the purpose of improving students' physical fitness. Combined with the current teaching situation, the author puts forward his own views.

First, the status quo of physical education in middle schools

1. Schools and students don't pay enough attention to physical education class.

Influenced by exam-oriented education, schools often unilaterally pursue students' high scores and enrollment rate, requiring students and teachers to pay more attention to improving students' scores and imparting cultural knowledge, ignoring the improvement of students' physical quality. For students, they are under the double pressure of family and school, so they have to spend more time and energy on cultural studies. They don't attach importance to physical education class because physical education class doesn't occupy a share in the college entrance examination, which has no direct influence on further studies.

They are more willing to spend more time learning cultural knowledge.

2. The teaching content is single and the teaching methods are traditional and backward.

In the current middle school physical education teaching, the content of physical education teaching is relatively simple, and teachers are basically teaching some simple track and field events and various gymnastics. Students are prone to boredom after long-term study. In addition, traditional physical education teaching methods make boring physical education more difficult for students to accept. This traditional physical education teaching has seriously hit the enthusiasm of students to participate in physical exercise.

3. There are few physical education class, and the textbooks are outdated, which is divorced from the students' reality.

The new curriculum reform requires 4 ~ 5 physical education class classes per week, but in fact, physical education class basically has one or two classes. The absence of physical education class is an important factor that restricts students' physical exercise. In addition, the traditional physical education textbooks are relatively old, almost all technologies are a kind of method and theoretical guidance, lacking the main characteristics of technology and the analysis of key technologies, divorced from reality, with a large grade span and a large textbook capacity. Students should know something about each project in class. It is not only not conducive to the improvement of students' physical fitness, but also has a negative impact on the cultivation of students' interest in physical exercise.

Second, the current situation of physical education coping strategies

1. Strengthen the emphasis on physical education courses.

With the development of quality education, improving students' physical quality has become the key task of school education. Schools must pay more attention to sports science, put physical education class course in an important position in school education, and guide students to participate in physical exercise independently by increasing physical education hours. Schools should focus on updating physical education textbooks and improving sports facilities, provide students with a good platform for physical exercise, raise students' awareness of physical exercise, and make students realize the importance of physical exercise for their own growth. In addition, schools should pay attention to increasing physical education class, giving students enough time to participate in physical exercise, so that students can relieve their study pressure and relax their body and mind through physical exercise, so as to better study culture classes.

2. Enrich the teaching content, and make the physical education teaching glow with new vitality.

Single teaching content is a common problem in current physical education teaching. Enriching the teaching content and increasing the teaching content of physical education curriculum has become an inevitable move in the current physical education curriculum reform. Physical education teachers should introduce colorful sports contents, such as basketball, volleyball and badminton, into physical education class. These activities are the most enthusiastic activities of students. Bringing these sports into physical education teaching will make physical education class more colorful.

Meet the needs of students' physical and mental development. At the same time, teachers should increase the teaching content that can attract students' attention according to their hobbies, make the physical education teaching form more flexible and diverse, promote the cultivation of students' interest in physical exercise, and encourage students to actively participate in physical exercise.

3. Reform teaching methods and innovate teaching mode.

In the traditional physical education teaching methods, teachers often aim at completing the teaching tasks in class, simply explaining to students, and then letting students practice freely. This traditional teaching method ignores the improvement of students' sports enthusiasm, inhibits the development of students' personality and is not conducive to cultivating students' interest in physical exercise. This requires our physical education teachers to actively innovate physical education teaching methods, fully mobilize students' enthusiasm for physical education from the aspects of students' interests, such as game teaching method, combining games with physical education teaching, and teaching through games can better stimulate students' desire for physical education. In addition, teachers can organize students to play games in time, such as basketball games, tug-of-war games, table tennis games and so on. , so that students can form interest in physical exercise in activities, thus forming good exercise habits.

In a word, physical education is an important part of school education. Schools should pay more attention to physical education courses, improve sports facilities, innovate physical education teaching methods, pay attention to cultivating students' interest in sports, improve students' enthusiasm for physical exercise, help students develop good physical exercise habits, promote the improvement of students' physical fitness, and lay a solid foundation for their healthy physical and mental growth.

Chapter III: Exploration on the application of the new curriculum reform concept in junior high school physical education teaching.

Implementing the concept of new curriculum reform in junior high school physical education teaching will not only help to improve the quality of physical education classroom teaching, but also help to develop students' ability. In the traditional physical education class, students mainly complete the corresponding tasks through the guidance of teacher physical education class. Some teachers use the teaching method of "herding sheep" to let students move freely, which is very undesirable for students who lack certain self-discipline. In order to change the present situation of physical education, teachers should follow the new concept of curriculum reform and adopt appropriate and effective methods to carry out physical education, so as to improve students' interest in physical exercise and promote the development of students' physical and mental quality.

First, teach students in accordance with their aptitude and pay attention to the individualized development of students.

Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is a teaching principle advocated by teachers in teaching, which is also of great significance to the development of students' personality and ability. Because each student's physical fitness is different, in physical education teaching, some students with good physical fitness can easily complete these physical training tasks, but students with poor physical fitness will find it difficult to complete all these tasks, and the same training tasks are not conducive to the further improvement and development of other students. Therefore, teachers should teach students in accordance with their aptitude and promote the individualized development of students.

In the teaching of physical education class, teachers should give students proper training and guidance according to their participation in sports, so as to ensure their healthy growth, exercise their psychological quality and improve their courage and ability. For students with good physical quality and strong learning ability, teachers can adopt inspiring and inspiring teaching methods to let students exercise scientifically; For students with poor learning ability, teachers can teach by demonstrating in person and explaining in detail, and give corresponding guidance in students' actual exercise, so as to avoid irregular movements as much as possible, so that every student can make progress and have fun in the exercise process. Moreover, teachers can also design different sports goals according to the students' sports situation, so that students will not feel great pressure and exercise in a relaxed and happy psychological state.

Second, encourage participation and improve students' dominant position

The protagonist of physical education class is a student. Only when students participate in sports themselves can they truly appreciate the value and fun of sports. Physical education class is also different from ordinary courses, paying more attention to students' participation experience. In the teaching of Chinese and mathematics, teachers can directly impart knowledge to students, and students can learn these contents through their own understanding and digestion. However, in physical education teaching, students should constantly try to practice in physical education, so that they can feel the interest of sports and truly become the masters in the classroom. Therefore, teachers should create a platform for students to participate and show, so that students can actively participate in the exercise in physical education class, and really improve the students' dominant position.

For example, in basketball teaching, teachers can let students play basketball directly after explaining the basic precautions of basketball. In order to improve the enthusiasm of students to participate in sports, teachers can also organize students to play basketball games. During the competition, students will make some irregular actions or cooperate in an inappropriate way. In view of these phenomena, teachers can ask students to summarize after class. In the process of summing up these experiences and lessons, students will realize their own shortcomings, which will help students correct their shortcomings and make up for them. This not only embodies the students' dominant position, but also improves their sense of participation, making them realize the significance of participating in sports and helping to improve their physical and mental quality.

Thirdly, entertaining and promoting students' all-round development.

Entertainment is an effective teaching method in physical education. For junior high school students, both body and mind are in the development period. Using interesting sports games to stimulate students' interest in learning can help students improve their physical fitness and contribute to their all-round development. The outdoor physical education class is more conducive to the development of students' thinking and body, so as to truly realize the effective teaching of physical education class.

Teachers can make full use of students' interesting characteristics in teaching and design corresponding sports games for them. For example, in running training, the teacher can let the students run in the form of relay, and the members of each group take turns to run, and finally calculate the total time of the group. This kind of game can not only inspire students to a certain extent, let them actively participate in the game, but also let students get physical exercise and psychological release while running. Moreover, students' running with all their strength also helps to release stress. Relay practice can cultivate students' team consciousness and cooperation ability, which is of great significance and role in cultivating students' good quality.

In short, under the teaching philosophy of the new curriculum reform, PE teachers should keep pace with the times, adopt appropriate methods to teach, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and encourage students to actively participate in sports and entertainment, so as to truly realize effective teaching in PE classes, promote the good development of students' physical and mental quality, and lay a good foundation for their overall improvement in the future.

Chapter four: How to cultivate students' psychological quality in junior high school physical education teaching.

Junior high school is an important period to cultivate students' healthy and independent personality. With the continuous acceleration of the new curriculum reform, the ideas put forward include strengthening students' psychological education and exercising their psychological quality. Therefore, achieving this goal through teaching activities is conducive to promoting the healthy development of students. Physical education is one of the important components of junior high school curriculum system. The development of physical education curriculum mainly exists in the form of practice. Physical education course teaching can not only exercise students' physical quality, but also provide students with full opportunities for observation, operation and practice, which plays an important role in cultivating students' psychological quality. However, in junior high school physical education teaching, how to organically combine normal course teaching with cultivating students' psychological quality? It is worth focusing on and discussing.

First, the status quo of junior high school students' psychological quality and the importance of strengthening psychological quality exercise

Before putting forward effective countermeasures, teachers should first make clear the psychological quality of junior middle school students and the importance of strengthening students' psychological quality exercise through physical education, so as to promote students' development.

1. Psychological quality of junior middle school students

Psychological quality plays an important role in the process of students' growth. Because students are in junior high school, they have not yet formed a correct world outlook, values and outlook on life. During this period, students are influenced by many factors such as learning pressure and new things from outside, which will have different degrees of influence on their psychology. At present, the unhealthy psychology of junior high school students has the following aspects: first, depression, which is a negative emotion that junior high school students can't cope with external pressure; Secondly, rebellious psychology, junior high school students have resistance to the outside world, regardless of teacher education or parents persuasion; Finally, the closed psychology, which is often manifested as not loving talking to others and closing yourself, is very unfavorable to the healthy growth of junior high school students. All the above are typical, but there are other aspects.

2. The importance of enhancing students' psychological quality through physical education.

The teaching of physical education courses is mainly to exercise students' relevant qualities through various sports activities. Therefore, in the process of physical education teaching, teachers should organically combine these two aspects, which not only meets the teaching requirements of junior high school physical education in the new curriculum reform, but also can bring students together with the help of physical activities, guide students to actively participate, and help students communicate with each other, and strengthen the exercise of students' psychological quality while improving their physical quality.

Second, how to cultivate students' psychological quality in junior high school physical education teaching.

1. Carefully design teaching contents and links to encourage students to actively participate.

In the process of physical education teaching, teachers should fully respect the individual differences of students and abide by these differences.

According to the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, we should improve students' enthusiasm for participating in sports activities, strengthen the exercise of students' psychological quality and cultivate students' healthy psychology. First of all, starting from the actual situation of students, teachers carefully design teaching links according to students' interests, physical fitness and other aspects, enrich teaching content, and let students show their strengths and specialties through sports activities, thus improving students' self-confidence and exercising their psychological quality. Secondly, teachers can change the teaching mode, such as dividing the students in the class into several groups by means of group cooperation, and improving the enthusiasm of students to participate in sports activities by means of competition mechanism, which is not only conducive to the mutual exchange and cooperation between students, but also conducive to training students' psychological quality and cultivating healthy psychology.

2. Encourage education and exercise students' psychological quality.

Junior high school students have poor comprehensive ability and psychological quality, and it is difficult to quickly integrate into different environments, which will hinder their progress and development. In order to effectively improve this phenomenon, it is necessary for physical education teachers to use the method of encouraging education in teaching activities to temper students' will and psychological quality, so as to achieve a strengthening role. Specifically, for example, in the 800-meter long-distance running training, teachers can set the time according to the actual situation of students, give certain rewards to the students who finish running within the specified time and have the highest scores or the greatest progress, and punish the students who fail to finish running within the specified time, so as to exercise the physical and mental quality of students and promote their progress and development.

3. Create a competitive atmosphere and temper students' will.

Psychological quality plays a decisive role in many aspects. For example, if Olympic athletes don't have good psychological quality during the competition, even with the perfect technology, they can't play normally. At the same time, if junior high school students have poor psychological quality during the exam, their grades will be unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is very important to train students' psychological quality. In the process of physical education teaching, teachers can create a competitive atmosphere for students, and let students stay here to temper their will through fierce competition, thus improving their psychological quality.

Exercising students' psychological quality through physical education is not only the requirement of the new curriculum reform for physical education, but also conducive to improving students' psychological quality and promoting their healthy growth.

Chapter five: Sports injuries and preventive measures in physical education teaching.

Sports injury refers to the injury that occurs in the process of sports. Physical education learning is mainly based on physical activities, supplemented by theoretical knowledge learning. Physical exercise can improve students' physical fitness and increase people's spiritual vitality. However, in the teaching process, physical injuries caused by improper operation or students' excessive load have a negative impact on classroom teaching and hindered the development and popularization of sports.

First, the main reasons for sports injuries in physical education teaching

1. Direct cause

The direct causes of sports injuries are: ideological neglect; Lack of reasonable preparation activities; Technical error; Large amount of exercise; Poor physical function and mental state; Improper organization method; Rough movement or violation of rules; Shortcomings of field equipment; Wait a minute.

Step 2 motivate

First, students don't know enough about sports injuries. Students who see some hidden dangers in class will think that they will not be injured here, and there is a high possibility of physical injury. In addition, some students ignore the standardization of movements and physical endurance, and increase the intensity of exercise without authorization, which is easy to cause sports injuries. Second, students lack the ability of self-protection. When doing some activities, students do not control the position of their center of gravity, so that their bodies collide with machinery or equipment, causing injuries; Third, excessive exercise leads to poor physical fitness of college students. If the physical exercise load arranged by the teacher is heavy, it is easy to cause injury. Fourth, irregular or rude movements, some students intentionally hurt others and lack moral education, which is one of the reasons that are easy to cause injuries in physical education class; Fifth, bad weather, frostbite, heatstroke and poor lighting are also easy to cause injuries.

Second, the principles and measures to prevent sports injuries

1. Correct understanding of sports

In carrying out physical education in higher vocational colleges, we should do a good job in preventing sports injuries. At present, students in higher vocational colleges have sports injuries in physical education class. On the one hand, some teachers have a weak sense of responsibility and students have a weak sense of self-protection; On the other hand, some subjective and objective factors are intertwined. Therefore, in higher vocational colleges, teachers should not only teach students the contents of preventing sports injuries in class, but also expand other publicity channels to teach students and some faculty members the protective measures to avoid sports injuries.

2. Reasonably arrange the amount of teaching and practice.

In physical education class, students' excessive exercise causes sports injuries. Proper exercise can not only exercise, but also improve students' comprehensive quality. Therefore, in physical education teaching, teachers should reasonably arrange the amount of exercise according to students' physical quality and project requirements, step by step, and avoid rushing for success.

3. Pay attention to warm-up activities before exercise

Before warm-up, we should make preparations in the following three aspects: First, arrange the movements and exercise time of warm-up reasonably according to the sports items; Second, students carefully check their physical condition to know whether they can carry out this sports activity; Third, the weather, bad weather is not suitable for outdoor sports, indoor sports need to be arranged. In warm-up exercise, we should pay attention to the movement of fragile parts, increase stretching exercise, improve muscle elasticity and avoid muscle strain in sports activities.

4. Learn more about students.

In class, teachers should not only teach students the essentials of sports, but also observe each student's study and physical condition, with less requirements for students who can't stand it and more rest time; Students with good physical fitness are more demanding and give full play to their physical advantages. In addition, the amount of activity is also related to the class time. The amount of exercise in the last class in the afternoon should be reduced, because students are in an empty stomach, and strenuous exercise is prone to physical exhaustion and coma.

5. Strengthen self-care awareness and eliminate psychological barriers.

In physical education class, there are many sports facilities, which are easy to bump. Teachers should be able to deal with wounds urgently, and students should also improve their awareness of self-protection. Students have different degrees of psychological fear about different sports. Teachers should enlighten and appease students, eliminate their psychological barriers and cultivate the habit of lifelong exercise.

Teachers and students in higher vocational colleges should treat sports injuries with a positive attitude and use scientific methods to prevent sports injuries. Some measures are put forward to improve students' self-protection consciousness, attach importance to warm-up activities and arrange the amount of exercise reasonably, so as to ensure students' health and promote the development of physical education.

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