Introduction: An excellent English paper is inseparable from the writing of the opening report. Then, how to write a good opening report has become a very distressing problem for students. The following are the writing skills of the opening report of English papers I shared. Welcome to read!
General contents of the opening report
The source, basis and background of the topic, the research purpose, theoretical significance and practical application value of the topic.
Literature review. On the basis of reading a specified amount of literature (not less than 50 articles, of which foreign literature accounts for more than 40%), this paper mainly introduces the research status and development trend of this research topic at home and abroad, and introduces the scope, methods and means of consulting literature.
Main research contents. Including academic conception, research methods, key technologies, technical route, implementation plan, feasibility analysis, possible difficulties in research, solutions and measures, expected goals, etc.
Experimental means to be adopted, required scientific research and experimental conditions, estimated workload and required funds, and research progress plan.
Main references, with at least 10 references listed.
Skills of writing a good opening report
Ask questions. Attention? Level?
When asking questions, you should use? Expert? Easy-to-understand terms and clear logic.
The sources of topics include: familiar problems related to their actual work or scientific research work; My own major.
The problem is developing rapidly and needs comprehensive evaluation; A theme that reflects the new theory, technology or trend of this discipline.
Don't choose too big a topic. The more specific it is, the easier it is to collect information and go deep from a certain side.
Aim at the mainstream literature and sort it out at any time.
Literature is the basis of writing a good academic paper. When selecting documents, we should choose the core journals and classic works of this discipline, and pay attention to the representativeness, reliability and scientificity of the selected documents; When selecting documents, we should look at the recent period (nearly 3-5 years) before looking at the long term, and read the materials extensively. If necessary, you should also read the original text quoted by relevant documents, and pay attention to reading cards or reading notes when reading.
When sorting materials, we should pay attention to sorting documents according to problems. When writing a literature review, don't list all the materials you see, but extract them according to certain ideas. Only in this way can we write a good literature review and a good opening report, thus laying the foundation for writing a good paper.
The research goal is concrete but not rigid.
The opening report generally requires a clear research goal of the dissertation, but the author thinks that the research goal should not be too rigid, because even if the conditions are certain, it is often difficult to accurately judge the level of the goal. The research itself involves the factors of seeking knowledge, and the conditions in each laboratory are different. The topic selection and research objectives of the paper reflect the value characteristics of the research work.
Search skill article
Google academic search
The function of google academic search can be said to be quite powerful. Here are some practical skills ~
Find the trial resources of the library
Try to enter "intitle: try the database inurl: lib" in the search bar, and you can quickly find the free resources of various university libraries. Although these passwords won't take long, they are enough to solve the urgent need. This is a password page. You can keep them, maybe you will need them in the future.
It should be noted that Baidu's search for Chinese periodicals is still very useful, because Baidu's Chinese pages are updated quickly, while Google's Chinese is not very good. But the English page is updated by google once a week, which is faster and gives priority to retrieving foreign data!
In-station direct search
For some high-traffic users, such as Zhihu, it is very convenient for Google to present the site search box directly on the search results page.
InfoSeek
It provides full-text retrieval function, has a more detailed classification catalogue, and can also search for pictures. Web pages are extremely rich, mainly in western languages, supporting simplified and traditional Chinese retrieval, and Chinese pages are less included. When querying, you can identify case AND idioms, and support logical conditions to limit queries (and, or, NOT, etc. ). Advanced search function, dictionary, event query, yellow pages, stock quotes and other services.
Volfram alpha
Chart data is an artifact at your fingertips!
Wolfram Alpha is a combination of drawing calculator, online library and search engine. Different from Google, it does not give fragmentary and mixed content, but directly splicing each frame of information into an effective image to present the results more intuitively.
For example, to understand the population changes in China, Wolfram Alpha will directly give a line chart; Quite convenient and intuitive.
The opening report of an English paper is the beginning of a high-quality paper. Only a good beginning can lay a solid foundation for your thesis.
Model essay on the opening report of the latest English paper
1 Introduction
This study aims to explore the advantages of descriptive translation studies in translation practice and translation analysis.
Since the beginning of the 20th century, translation studies have gradually got rid of the marginal position of other related disciplines and become an empirical science. Since then, various schools of thought have emerged, and each school has claimed the legitimacy of its existence. These schools include descriptive translation studies.
Dts studies translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is regarded as a social activity, which is of great significance to the acceptance of culture and target groups. Therefore, translation is not only the realization and comparison of languages, but also the integration into the social and cultural context.
My attention was first drawn to dts because of its unique characteristics of observation, description and explanation. Theme is anything that happens in translation practice, from the determination of expected translation function to the translator's translation process. Strategy selection, brainstorming and modification, until the final product appears in the target group.
The method of dts is basically descriptive. Directives and problem-solving models have been abandoned. The phenomenon of translation is well known. With the accumulation of data, some potential truths about translation will emerge, which are of guiding significance not only for theoretical exploration, but also for applied translation practice. I will use this descriptive method in the case study of this article.
A convenient tool for dts is established. ? Norm? It is valid at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process, product and their relationship are the skeleton structure of descriptive research. Translation phenomenon is explained by norms.
This paper takes China's classic Dream of Red Mansions as an example. This paper compares two English versions of Yang Xianyi and David D Hawkes, and comments on their translation methods.
In this respect, my observation is limited to several aspects, and I hope to make in-depth observation and explanation with dts.
2 outline
2. Development and main concepts of1dts
In this part, I will describe Holmes? The basic diagram of dts and the relationship between functions, processes and products. I will also discuss some important concepts, such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translation cavity, norms and so on.
2.2 Methodology
In this part, I will discuss the methodology of dts, and then apply it to the case study of this paper, focusing on semiotic methods and conceptual norms.
2.3 Comparison between DTS and other theories
This paper will conduct a comparative study to find out the differences between this theory and other theories, such as equivalence theory and China's "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance standard". This study may show some advantages.
2.4 Case study
In this part, we will study the translation of A Dream of Red Mansions from the perspective of translation theory. The translation samples cited here are randomly selected.
2.5 Conclusion
Based on the above explanation and case study of dts, this paper will draw possible conclusions on the advantages of dts in specific translation studies. This paper also puts forward some suggestions for further research work.
(Note: Although the theme will remain unchanged, the above content arrangement may change during the writing process. )
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