Moral proposition of preschool teachers
Analysis of Kindergarten Teachers' Professional Ethics
The frequent occurrence of child abuse incidents has caused people to think about the professional ethics of preschool teachers. This paper defines the connotation of preschool teachers' professional ethics and analyzes the reasons why preschool teachers are influenced by professional ethics. Missing? The harm to children caused by physical injury accidents is further analyzed. Missing? This paper analyzes the reasons and puts forward some countermeasures in order to provide some reference for the workers related to early childhood education.
Keywords preschool teachers; Professional ethics; child abuse
In recent years, various incidents of child abuse in kindergartens have been frequently exposed on the internet, and negative news about the profession of kindergarten teachers has also emerged. Parents' and society's trust in preschool teachers and kindergartens is greatly reduced, which leads to the low professional reputation of preschool teachers plummeting, and the society's concern for preschool teachers' professional ethics is promoted to an unprecedented height. After seeing the reports about child abuse by kindergarten teachers, most people are criticizing kindergarten teachers, but few people ponder: What impact will kindergarten teachers have on children's harm? What causes preschool teachers to behave like this? What efforts do preschool teachers need to make to give children a safe and happy kindergarten life? This paper will discuss the above three issues in order to arouse the thinking of kindergarten managers and kindergarten teachers.
First, the connotation of preschool teachers' professional ethics
The professional ethics of preschool teachers is the code of conduct and moral standard that preschool teachers must fulfill in their educational activities, which affects and restricts the success or failure of preschool education. The professional ethics of preschool teachers include: the morality of preschool teachers towards preschool education, children, the collective morality of preschool teachers and their own morality. ① The professional ethics of preschool teachers discussed in this paper only includes the morality of preschool teachers in treating children.
Second, the behavior of preschool teachers? Anomie? Adverse effects on young children
To analyze the behavior of preschool teachers? Anomie? The adverse effects on children should be combined with the working characteristics of kindergarten teachers. Kindergarten teachers work with children aged 3-6. At this stage, children's physical and mental development is extremely immature, and they especially need the care and guidance of adults.
Children's bodies are seriously injured.
In early childhood, children's bodies are in a critical period of growth and development. Children's skeletal development has not yet been finalized, and their joints are highly mobile, which is easy to cause skeletal deformation due to incorrect posture or accidental injury. Green branch fracture? Dislocated joint. Children's skin is delicate, the stratum corneum is thin, the skin protection function is poor, the epidermis and dermis are underdeveloped, and the response to stimulation is not sensitive enough, which is easy to cause skin damage. Some kindergarten teachers have done serious harm to children's health by hitting them with wooden sticks, forcing them to drink urine and scalding them with electric irons.
(B) Children's moral concepts are chaotic
Children educated by preschool teachers have a low level of physical and mental development, undeveloped body organs, poor ability to distinguish right from wrong, good and evil, and are imitative, so they still lack a correct understanding of their own behavior. Preschool teachers have an authoritative position in children's minds, and all the actions of preschool teachers will be considered correct by children. When preschool teachers do behaviors that harm children's physical and mental condition in front of other children, children's values will be confused. For example, in the Blue Peacock Kindergarten in Wenling, Zhejiang, a kindergarten teacher held the child's ear with both hands and lifted the child up; Seal the child's mouth with transparent tape; Putting the disobedient child's head in the trash can is all done in the presence of other children. After seeing these behaviors, children are likely to think that anyone who disobeys should be severely punished. Therefore, when dealing with problems in the future, children will also tend to take violent measures to solve problems.
Relevant research shows that the experience of frequent abuse and neglect will make children show more hostility, aggression and retreat in peer communication. In adolescence, this kind of escape and retreat may also involve them in illegal and criminal activities.
(C) Children's social adaptation difficulties
Relevant studies have pointed out that if children who just go to school are subjected to violence by their families and teachers, they will often get sick in nurseries or kindergartens, have autistic psychology, have difficulties in learning adaptation and interpersonal communication, and some children may even show extreme aggression, beating, biting, disobedience or argumentative, all of which indicate that there are serious problems in their social adaptation. It can be seen that the abuse of children's bodies by kindergarten teachers has a great negative impact on children's social adaptability.
(d) Children's cognitive ability is impaired.
Through investigation, the researchers of Harbin Normal University found that there are defects in the social information processing of abused children. They attribute the characters' intentions to hostility, and their ability to react in learning is low, especially for children who are abused by various types. The scores of abused children in academic ability tests such as reading, writing and mathematics are significantly lower than those of normal children, and their performances in abused subgroups such as physical abuse, sexual abuse and neglect are also significantly lower.
Third, the reasons for the lack of professional ethics of preschool teachers
The reasons for the lack of professional ethics of preschool teachers and the frequent incidents of child abuse vary from person to person. Some preschool teachers lack a correct understanding of teachers' professional ethics, some are just for fun, and some are in a bad mood. The main reasons are as follows:
(A) the entry threshold for preschool teachers is low.
The Teachers' Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Professional Standards for Preschool Teachers clearly point out that those who engage in the profession of preschool teachers must obtain the qualifications of preschool teachers and have graduated from preschool normal schools or above. But because the traditional concept in China always equates kindergarten teachers with nannies, many people think that kindergarten teachers are? Nanny? You don't need special training. The author once saw an advertisement for recruiting preschool teachers in rural areas. Recruit preschool teachers, with high school education or above? . It is conceivable that kindergarten teachers recruited under such conditions must lack professional quality and have not been specially trained. In addition, there are many preschool normal colleges and vocational colleges besides normal universities in China. The students in these schools are all junior high school graduates. After three years of professional study, they were less than twenty years old when they worked in kindergarten. The mental development of these newly graduated kindergarten teachers is still very immature, and it is beyond their power to let them take dozens of children in the class to eat, drink and have fun.
(B) the lack of effective supervision of preschool teachers' profession
At present, preschool education is not included in compulsory education, and most of the preschool teachers' occupations are not included in the establishment system of primary and secondary school teachers. Moreover, due to China's economic system, there are few high-quality public parks and many private and enterprise parks. Although the state has strengthened the management of kindergartens in recent years, there are still a large number of unregistered kindergartens and some unqualified kindergartens. These kindergartens often lack a sound management system and pay little attention to the professional ethics of kindergarten teachers. For some kindergarten teachers, the events that hurt children's bodies were not grasped at the first time, and it was impossible to prevent the occurrence of child injury events in time. For example, the recently exposed kindergarten teacher in Changchun deliberately opened the child's stool, causing the child to fall to the ground many times; The behavior of kindergarten teachers dragging their children was discovered by parents who went to kindergarten to collect surveillance videos after discovering that their children were injured. These private kindergartens often install monitoring in every classroom, but these monitoring supervisors never watch it, which leads teachers to do things that hurt children repeatedly. If kindergarten leaders and relevant departments can regularly check the class monitoring, I believe such child injury incidents can definitely be reduced.
(C) preschool teachers lack professional ethics-related education
Article 37 of Chapter 8 of the Teacher Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) clearly stipulates that if a teacher has bad behavior, insults students and has a bad influence, if the circumstances are serious, it constitutes a crime and shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law. Professional concepts and teachers' morality are also clearly put forward in the Professional Standards for Preschool Teachers. Kindergarten teachers should respect children's personality, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and treat every child equally. Don't be sarcastic, sarcastic or discriminate against children, and don't corporal punishment or corporal punishment in disguise? . However, many of our kindergarten teachers don't know the requirements of Teachers Law and Professional Standards because they don't graduate from normal universities. For example, a kindergarten teacher in Wenling, Zhejiang Province has repeatedly uploaded pictures of child abuse to the Internet to show off. This is a typical example of the lack of professional ethics of kindergarten teachers.
(D) Preschool teachers have high work intensity and low job satisfaction.
Kindergarten teachers are in a state of intense work from 7: 30 in the morning to 4: 30 in the afternoon. Because any child has a physical injury accident, the teacher needs to bear the responsibility. Children aged 3-6 are lively and active by nature, lacking self-control ability, and often stumble because the teacher can't take care of them for a while. So many kindergarten teachers are highly nervous at work. In addition, kindergarten teachers should not only be responsible for children's safety, but also take care of children's eating and sleeping, and organize children to carry out games and teaching activities. Some kindergartens often organize various teaching and research activities, open class display activities and parents' open day activities; Some kindergartens also require teachers to write teaching reflection and observation records every day, which often makes preschool teachers breathless. In sharp contrast to the heavy work tasks, preschool teachers have low professional prestige and low salary, which also causes many preschool teachers to have low professional satisfaction and strong sense of job burnout. When teachers are burnout, their misconduct towards children will be more obvious? Anomie? Behavior.
Fourthly, suggestions to improve the professional ethics of preschool teachers.
(A) improve the entry threshold for preschool teachers, strict? Entrance? close
In view of the low entry threshold for preschool teachers, the author suggests raising the entry threshold for preschool teachers and strictly controlling it. Entrance? Close. Although in China's current education system, preschool teachers' colleges, vocational and technical schools and normal universities bear the same responsibility for training preschool teachers. However, employers generally react that students who graduated from kindergarten teachers need to spend a lot of time on induction training after they join the job because of their young age. However, these young preschool teachers lack professional ethics and need to strengthen professional ethics education during school. In addition, for students who have not graduated from preschool education, they should also pass the corresponding professional ethics test for preschool teachers before entering the job.
(B) to strengthen the supervision of kindergartens, strict? Supervision? close
In view of the low professional ethics of kindergarten teachers caused by the lack of kindergarten management, the author suggests strengthening the supervision of kindergartens and related departments and strictly controlling them. Supervision? Close. Kindergartens should often organize the training and discussion of preschool teachers' professional ethics after teachers take up their posts. Kindergarten leaders should always observe and talk to teachers. For example, the director of a kindergarten mentioned that she would stand at the entrance of the kindergarten every morning and watch the teacher receive the children. In this process, the director will carefully observe the mental state of each teacher. Once you find the teacher's emotional or mental state, talk to the teacher alone immediately to prevent the teacher from making a decision because he is in a bad mood. Anomie? Behavior. At the same time, for kindergartens with monitoring, the director should always observe the monitoring in the classroom. Once the teacher's behavior is discovered? Anomie? , should stop immediately. Teachers who refuse to turn over a new leaf should be fired immediately.
(C) to strengthen the professional ethics education of preschool teachers, strict? Education? close
Kindergartens should always carry out professional ethics education for teachers, whether they are new or already employed. Strengthening the professional ethics of kindergarten teachers can infect everyone with the excellent deeds that happened to our kindergarten teachers; We can also use some negative news reported by the society to stimulate the moral feelings of preschool teachers. Kindergarten leaders should educate children in time, let them know about the improper behavior of kindergarten teachers, and minimize the harm to children.
(D) Reduce the work pressure of preschool teachers and improve their professional happiness.
Another phenomenon corresponding to the low entry threshold of preschool teachers is that preschool teachers have great professional mobility. Faced with strong work pressure, low wages and social prestige, many preschool teachers have a sense of job burnout. Therefore, the author suggests that kindergarten leaders try to reduce the unnecessary work tasks of kindergarten teachers and let kindergarten teachers enjoy more work. At the same time, I hope that the government and relevant departments can effectively improve the salary of preschool teachers and help them find a sense of professional happiness. Preschool teachers themselves should treat their profession correctly, take pride in it and improve their professional happiness. Kindergarten teachers can truly love their children only if they have a loving attitude towards their careers.
Precautions:
Li shenglan Preschool education [M]. East China Normal University Press, 20 12(2).
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