Quantum entanglement doesn't need energy because it doesn't convey any information. I think it needs energy, because you are still looking at quantum effects with classical cognition. However, this is everyone's confusion, and Einstein is no exception, so Einstein called quantum entanglement "the ghost of action at a distance."
Classical cognition is determinism. Einstein firmly believed that a definite description can be given only after mastering the operating law of things, so he thought that the uncertain description of quantum mechanics was incomplete. Einstein didn't like probability theory, so he designed several thinking experiments with his brain that day in an attempt to defeat the Copenhagen School headed by Bohr.
Bohr and Einstein's three encounters at Solvey Conference can be said to be a much-told story in the history of physics. These two people who loved each other and killed each other pushed quantum mechanics to the peak of physics. Bohr also went to the altar in Einstein's repeated confrontations and became an important leader in quantum mechanics.
In the confrontation, Einstein put forward all kinds of wonderful "thought experiments" with his crazy brain. The last and most important thought experiment was published in Physical Review in the form of a paper, and its core content was to describe the EPR paradox of quantum entanglement. The word "entanglement" was first put forward by Schrodinger in his letter to Einstein after seeing the paper published jointly by Einstein, Podoski and Rosen.
The phenomenon of "quantum entanglement" described by EPR paradox is a seemingly illusory ghost, which has never been observed by the world. It is only elaborated on the basis of quantum mechanics just constructed at that time and concocted by Einstein 8 1 brain circuit crazy operation.
No matter how far away a pair of magical particles are, they can still have a mysterious connection after being completely separated, which is unreasonable in Einstein's view and violates the superluminal limit of relativity. He used this core argument to refute the absurdity of uncertainty description in quantum mechanics. After reading Einstein's paper, Bohr initially thought that such a phenomenon could not exist, so he closed the door to check the loopholes in Einstein's paper and tried to overthrow Einstein's inference logically and operationally.
However, Bohr did not find any mistakes of Einstein this time, but finally gave Einstein a completely opposite answer. Bohr abandoned classical cognition and chose to believe in mathematics and logical reasoning, believing that quantum entanglement is possible.
A great drama of history and poetry ends with a negative and a positive answer. At that time, the scientific research strength could not judge the final answer of Einstein and Bohr, but after the death of the two great gods, the physics community gave the final test result through experiments: quantum entanglement did exist.
Quantum entanglement has become a purely microscopic phenomenon, which stems from the inseparability of quantum system, that is, when several particles interact, the characteristics of particles may be entangled into a whole, and the properties of each particle can no longer be described separately, but only the properties of the whole system.
Why is this happening? There is no accepted answer. Most scholars of quantum mechanics turn a blind eye to this question because they can't give a reasonable answer. The only superstring theory that can be explained clearly involves high-dimensional space and cannot be verified.
Based on the concept of high-dimensional space, string theory interprets quantum entanglement as the three-dimensional projection of particles in high-dimensional space, that is, there is only one entangled particle in high-dimensional space, but it is projected to different three-dimensional space positions. It's just that this high-dimensional space only exists below Planck scale.
The above is a high-dimensional space model constructed by mathematicians in superstring theory, also known as Calabi Qiu Chengtong space, which has six dimensions.
In the understanding of superstring theory, these six dimensions are curled up under the Planck scale of our four-dimensional universe, which is equivalent to a six-dimensional companion universe of our world.
All kinds of strange phenomena of quantum can be explained in high-dimensional space. However, most people think that string theory is just a wonderful theory, but it is not a credible theory. The high-dimensional space derived from mathematics may be just a hypothetical theory that cannot be verified by experiments, and even the most wonderful thing may be just a beautiful and illusory dream. Superparticles predicted by string theory have never been discovered, and the string of the universe has struck a chord with too many people, but so far it has not left any physical evidence.
Therefore, superstring theory and M theory, which originated from string theory, have gradually become taboo in physics research. No matter how talented string theorists, radical revolutions and moving propaganda, they can't resist the blow of reality. There are indeed many misconceptions in the history of science that once seemed so beautiful.
Right or wrong, the biggest failure of string theory is to touch the essence of the universe prematurely, and science is a gradual knowledge acquisition system.
Finally, finally, answer the subject's question again. The reason why quantum entangled particles can induce each other by ignoring the distance is because the distance in three-dimensional space does not exist in high-dimensional space under the explanation of string theory. We only see two or more particles that we can see. In high-dimensional space, it is just a particle. There is no other explanation for this except string theory, but at least quantum entanglement does not involve the transmission of information and the participation of energy.
A: The distance interaction between entangled particle pairs itself does not transfer energy or effective information. As for the deeper mechanism of quantum entanglement, it is still a mystery in science.
The orthodox explanation of quantum mechanics can well describe the law of quantum entanglement; This is the case with science, which can describe the law of material development through mathematical methods. As for the deeper mechanism, science may not be able to reveal it.
For example, the law of universal gravitation can describe the gravitational effect in weak field well, but it can't reveal the essence of gravity; For another example, we know the exact formula of uncertainty principle, but we don't understand the deeper mechanism of uncertainty principle.
Quantum mechanics describes that two entangled particles, no matter how far apart, are essentially a whole, described by the same wave function; Once we measure it, the wave function will collapse into two quantum states. This collapse process is simultaneous, regardless of the distance, and the collapse result is random, so effective information cannot be transmitted.
The "valid information" mentioned in it may be difficult for some readers to understand. Suppose a has a certain piece of information a to transmit to b, then information a is valid information. No matter how A transmits this information to B, it means that the information is transmitted successfully.
In quantum entanglement, no matter what method you use, you can't use the function of distance to transmit effective information, because in quantum entanglement, the collapse result of wave function is random.
However, the random collapse results of entangled particles have a certain correlation, and we can use this correlation as the key to information transmission. This is the principle of quantum communication. Encrypted information can only be transmitted by traditional communication, and random keys can be transmitted by quantum entanglement, so the transmission speed of effective information depends on traditional communication, so it cannot exceed the speed of light.
At present, scientists can accurately predict all the results of quantum entanglement and the possibility of the results, but the deeper mechanism is not clear, which may not be explained by physics of our time.