Keywords: construction management, accident treatment
1, improve the construction site temporary electricity management network, implement the post responsibility system.
In order to meet the requirements of specialized construction and speed up the progress of the project, a project generally involves multiple construction enterprises, and each construction enterprise crosses operations at the construction site; Some engineering projects have been subcontracted many times, and the construction workers are employed by unqualified or low-qualified enterprises, while the general contractor pays attention to one thing and does not pay attention to another. The subcontractor's daily management is lax, and it is managed by the contractor. Construction workers have no real safety education and lack basic electrical knowledge. From the management of the project department, few people can basically understand the knowledge of temporary electricity consumption on the construction site, and the degree of attention is not enough. The daily safety inspection is carried out by the on-site electrician, which makes the operation and inspection the same person, and lacks the inspection and supervision of the on-site electrician's work quality. The lack of sense of responsibility of electricians in the construction site and the inadequate maintenance and repair of power distribution facilities and electrical equipment are the manifestations of poor management of electricians by the project department, which is also an important factor leading to unsafe electricity consumption.
The construction site must establish and improve the responsibility system for temporary electricity consumption management according to the characteristics of the construction site, and establish the responsibility system for temporary electricity consumption on the construction site as the general contractor. All power distribution equipment and electrical equipment (distribution box, switch box, hand-held power tools, welding machines, etc.). ) to enter the construction site, it must be inspected by the general contractor before entering the site for use. Establish a daily grading inspection mechanism for safe electricity use, that is, the inspection of general contractors and subcontractors, the self-inspection of on-site electricians and the supervision and inspection of management personnel.
Construction enterprises should strengthen the popularization of knowledge about temporary electricity use in the construction site, and the project department manager should pay attention to the safety of temporary electricity use, conduct necessary targeted temporary electricity use safety education and disclosure for operators in view of environmental factors (high temperature and high humidity), and set up emergency personnel for accidental injuries in the project department and various construction teams. First-aid personnel should be trained in first aid after electric shock, and first-aid drills after electric shock accidents should be conducted regularly according to the construction site emergency plan, so as to be familiar with first-aid procedures and reduce the occurrence of electric shock deaths.
2. Use electrical equipment correctly according to product technical requirements, and improve the safety technical level of using electrical equipment on the construction site.
The design of the original electrical equipment used in the construction site is generally universal. Many electrical appliances (leakage switch, air switch, etc. ) is not suitable for the construction site and use environment (dusty, outdoor, wet, mobile, plus high temperature season, etc.). ), and its new product parameters are correct, the state is normal, the action is slow after a period of use, and the leakage action data is inaccurate or even invalid. At present, the welding machine used in the construction site needs to be equipped with no-load step-down protector on the secondary side. In order to facilitate operation or reduce costs, some welders do not install the no-load step-down protector on the secondary side or do not repair or replace it in time after damage, and take short-circuit measures (remove the no-load step-down protector on the secondary side); If the grounding wire on the secondary side of the welding machine is damaged or lost, it will not be replenished in time, and steel bars and flat steel will be used instead; In order to reduce costs, construction enterprises purchase low-priced electrical products, some of which are inferior products. The technical parameters of these electrical products are unstable and their safety performance is poor, so they don't move during this action, which leads to electric shock accidents. Do not use electrical equipment according to product technical requirements, such as replacing the grounding wire of electric welding machine with steel bar or flat steel.
Electrical equipment manufacturers should be encouraged to develop electrical products suitable for construction sites. The leakage switch, no-load step-down protector on the secondary side of electric welding machine and hand-held electric tools used in the construction site should be tested regularly, and the construction enterprise can entrust a testing institution without testing ability to carry out testing. The management department should monitor the key electrical components such as electrical equipment entering the construction site, no-load step-down protector on the secondary side of welding machine, air leakage switch, etc., to prevent inferior electrical equipment from entering the construction site, and timely feed back the products with quality and performance stability problems to the construction enterprises. Construction enterprises should strengthen the management of newly purchased electrical equipment, carefully check and accept according to the requirements of safety protection system, and prevent unqualified electrical equipment from entering the construction site. Strengthen the responsibility system for regular inspection, maintenance and repair of electricity on the construction site. The project manager department will strengthen supervision and inspection, supervise and record the work quality of electricians on site, and ensure that the safety protection devices of construction electrical equipment are complete and effective, and the electricity data are recorded completely. Popularize the knowledge of electricity use and increase the knowledge content of safe electricity use in safety education; Educate relevant operators to use electrical equipment and hand-held power tools correctly, improve their awareness of electric shock prevention, and strictly implement the system of holding certificates.
3, equipped with necessary safety protection articles, enhance self-protection awareness.
The project department of the construction enterprise shall, according to the climate (high temperature and high humidity) and engineering characteristics, carry out necessary targeted temporary electricity safety education and disclosure for the construction personnel, so that they can understand the basic knowledge of electricity consumption, use protective equipment correctly and enhance their awareness of self-protection. According to the characteristics of construction projects and types of work, the project department should equip qualified protective articles (such as insulating gloves and shoes) for the personnel who may directly use electrical equipment on the construction site, and urge the operators to use labor protection articles correctly according to the regulations, educate the operators to improve their awareness of self-protection, put an end to illegal operations, and prohibit unlicensed live work.