Research Difficulties: What is difficult to study? Is it because things are complicated or research methods are backward?
Question 2: How to write hello for the deficiencies and difficulties in the research? Have you decided on the theme of your opening report? Did the teacher agree to the topic of the opening report? Which direction do you want to write? Is the specific format of the opening report school ready? How many words are you going to write? You can ask if you don't understand. I hope I can help you. I wish the topic selection of the opening report passed smoothly and the graduation thesis writing process went smoothly. Technical route generally refers to the process of preparation, initiation, conduct, repetition and achievement of research, not the writing process of graduation thesis or the preparation and conduct of defense. Many students will make these mistakes. The technical route is actually about the overall thinking, logical reasoning process and argumentation method of your paper. In the whole process of postgraduate education, the quality of dissertations is an important symbol to measure the quality of postgraduate education. The quality of the paper depends largely on the detail of the opening report. The opening report of the paper is very detailed. Although it takes a lot of time in the early stage, it is very convenient to write the paper, ensuring the quality and quantity of the paper to be completed within the specified time. However, if we don't pay attention to the thesis opening report and regard it as a form, then writing a thesis will have no goal, no direction and no ideas, and it may take more detours, and it is difficult to ensure the quality of graduation thesis. First, the significance of the thesis opening report. The opening report of master's thesis is an explanatory report on the topic selection and how to implement the thesis written by graduate students after completing the literature research. The paper opening report is the focus of literature research, and also the dispersion point of paper research, which plays a positioning role in research work. The purpose of writing a thesis opening report is to ask teachers and experts to help judge whether the research topic is valuable, whether the research method is effective, and whether the argument logic is obviously flawed. Therefore, the opening report of the paper should focus on the main contents of the study, the main problems to be solved (or the main viewpoints expounded), the research steps, methods and measures. However, in my work practice, I found that many students often spend a lot of ink to describe other people's research results in their thesis opening reports, but when it comes to their own research methods, they often pass in a few words. This is not convenient for the evaluation teacher to guide. Second, how to write the thesis opening report (I) the premise of the thesis opening report-topic selection Through theoretical thinking in work practice, it is found that the common problem in the thesis opening report of master students is inappropriate topic selection. Some topics are too "mediocre", some topics are too broad, the research content is too broad, and the topics are not in line with the reality of master students, so it is difficult to practice. For example, the topic of the paper put forward by some students is "Study on New Neutral Nickel Catalyst and Its Catalytic Synthesis of Polyethylene and Polypropylene". This topic is meaningful and innovative, and the author's research ideas are correct. However, the scope of the thesis is too large, and the research content is obviously too much, so a master student can't finish it on time. Therefore, it is necessary to redefine the research content and pay attention to the operability of the project. So how to choose research questions? The emphasis here is to discover research problems through theoretical thinking. A theory is a logical system composed of a series of premises and terms. Theories in specific fields have their specific concepts, categories and research paradigms. Only under the same concepts, perspectives and paradigms can theories speak. Only through dialogue can theory develop. It is difficult for master's and doctoral dissertations to create new theories, and most of them are developed on the basis of existing theories. Secondly, the problem of choice is a process of "peeling", and theoretical problems are always deeply hidden behind complex reality. Finding theoretical problems requires the ability to use theoretical thinking. This requires us to constantly exercise and improve our theoretical thinking ability. In our daily study, we need to constantly sum up and analyze from what angles predecessors generally analyze and study problems, what theoretical tools and methods are used, and constantly improve our theoretical thinking ability through study and summary, so as to choose research problems with academic theoretical value and application value, which are closely integrated with national economic construction and scientific research projects undertaken by tutors. (2) Do a good job of literature review, and lay a good foundation for the thesis opening report. At the opening report meeting of graduate thesis, the common problems are insufficient study of literature, insufficient understanding of research background, insufficient comprehensive and detailed understanding of the specific progress of research direction at home and abroad, and weak pertinence and comparability of data citation. Many students don't fully understand the difference between the opening report and the literature review. Their thesis opening report is very ... >; & gt
Question 3: How to write the research topic 1. Propose a topic:
Putting forward a research topic is generally considered from three aspects: background, present situation, foundation (or importance, necessity and possibility).
1. Background: The developed educational situation, new educational ideas, ideas, requirements or teaching concepts, methods and means we are facing have had an important impact on teaching practice.
2. Present situation: The most urgent problem that we must study and solve in time is the gap between the actual situation of education and teaching work in this region and this unit and the changed educational background.
3. Basis: the exploratory research done by the members of the research group or others on this issue, and the preliminary research results that have been obtained.
Second, the definition of the concept:
Refers to the connotation of some important words in the name of the main topic (sometimes including some sub-topics), the research scope of the topic, etc.
Note: The important points of this study need not be repeated.
Third, the theoretical basis:
The research of this topic tries to draw lessons from and apply the main theories, doctrines, viewpoints and principles, so as to obtain the main research ideas and teaching concepts that support this research.
Four, the main research objectives and contents:
The main research goal (the hypothesis of the subject) that I try to achieve through the research of this subject, and which sub-topics the main subject is decomposed into, and the specific research tasks of each sub-topic. There should be a reasonable and close logical relationship between the research purpose of the topic and the sub-topic. The research of each sub-topic can completely show the research framework of the main topic. These sub-topics are relatively independent, interrelated and highly operable, and can be implemented in the education and teaching practice of the members of the research group.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) main research methods and research objects;
1. research methods: mainly including literature method, action research method, investigation method, case study method, experience summary method, etc. , can also be supplemented by mathematical statistics, detection and analysis, tracking and comparison, structure and function, observation, pursuit, attribution, history, experiment and other research methods. It is necessary to explain how to give full play to the instrumental role of the research methods adopted to serve the research of this topic (or sub-topic).
2. The research object generally refers to people, mostly students and some teachers. It is necessary to find out whether we are studying all students or some students (or teachers) in our unit.
VI. Forms of research results:
Generally, it includes research report, collection of essays, compilation of excellent teaching plans or activity designs, compilation of cases, observation class (courseware, CD-ROM), collection of students' works, publication or award-winning of teachers' papers, etc.
Seven, the composition and division of labor of the members of the research group:
The members of the research group should include the project leader, the sub-project leader and the front-line teachers who participate in the research. External lecturers, consultants and other personnel should be treated differently according to their responsibilities and obligations.
The members of the research group shall be responsible for or part-time planning, organization, coordination, overall planning, management, research, guidance and consultancy.
Eight, implementation steps:
1. Preliminary preparation stage:
Establish the main topic and construct the sub-topic; Set up a research group to clarify the division of responsibilities; Establish and improve the learning exchange system; Complete the demonstration and declaration work; Formulate the implementation plan of the main project and the work plan of the subproject; Conduct necessary preliminary investigations or tests.
2.
Research implementation stage: it can be divided into the first stage and the second stage, and the research is carried out according to the implementation plan, during which an interim report can be arranged. The interim report is not vigorous in form, but should pay attention to actual results. Through the interim report, let the members of the research group see the preliminary results of the research, find out the shortcomings or problems, clarify the research tasks in the next stage, then adjust the implementation plan and modify the work plan of the sub-project, so that the later research will not deviate from the direction and lay a good foundation for the smooth end of the project.
3. Appraisal stage: complete the writing of the conclusion report and data collation, and make full preparations for the appraisal of the results.
Question 4: How to write the objectives, contents and key points of the project research? How to conduct project research after determining the research topic or obtaining the project approval? This is an important issue often mentioned by educators, especially primary and secondary school teachers. There are various research methods, but there is always a basic procedure. Project research procedures, including making project research plans, research topics, data collection, data collation, project summary, etc. 1. How to grasp the research problems, how to sort out the research ideas, and how to design the topics and research plans reasonably and normatively are the difficulties that primary and secondary school teachers often encounter at present. Formulate the project research plan, including: accurately expressing and decomposing research problems, transforming research problems into hypotheses, determining research methods, arranging research plans and division of labor, organizing and coordinating project research, etc. (A) decomposition of research objectives, grasp the starting point. 1, determine the research goal and determine the research topic, generally determine the research direction or research theme and overall goal. A research topic can't cover everything, but we must consider the research background, narrow the research scope, grasp the research angle and find the right research topic. Before starting the research, we must do in-depth research, so as to accurately grasp the research theme, decompose the research problems, decompose the overall goal into several specific goals, grasp the research breakthrough point, and make a good overall research plan. Research objectives can be divided into parallel objectives, hierarchical objectives and comprehensive objectives. 2. Choose the research breakthrough point: First, choose from the basic, easy and key issues; The second is to seek from successful experience; The third is to find out from the practical problems faced by school education; The fourth is to seek from the development trend of education; The fifth is to find it from the theory of educational science. (two) clear research ideas, determine the research methods. 1. A topic, especially a comprehensive topic, involves rich research contents, including multiple relationships, multiple contradictions and multi-level problems, which has a certain depth and breadth, and there must be a pair of basic relationships, contradictions or problems. The significance of finding out the basic relationship accurately lies in finding the breakthrough point of the research, which makes the research thinking clear and operable. Through forward analysis, reverse analysis, reduction analysis and other methods, the research ideas are clarified and formed. 2. Basic research methods. Educational research methods include main methods and auxiliary methods. The main methods are observation, investigation, literature, educational experiment, experience summary, comparative research, case study, action research, reflective research and qualitative research. Auxiliary methods include statistics, measurement, questionnaire, etc. 3. There are many ways to use and choose the research methods: one is the main method, the other is the comprehensive application of various methods; A variety of methods are used together and alternately, and each method complements each other; There are also single methods, but few. Different types (contents and conditions) of research topics have different research methods, and research methods can be selected from different angles and according to different standards. First, take the continuity of research as the standard and determine the method according to the direction of continuity. For example, choose vertical research methods to track the development process of things; In order to study different objects at the same time, the horizontal research method is chosen. The second is to choose different research methods according to the technical means adopted in the research. For example, when conducting routine research, natural observation, test experiment, investigation and interview are selected. The research is carried out by modern technical means, and different technical equipment is selected for detection and adjustment. (3) Theoretical thinking and research hypothesis. What is a research hypothesis? Research hypothesis is the research result (also called "semi-finished product") predicted by researchers when the concept in the research problem is transformed into a variable that can be measured through observation. Research hypothesis is a proposition that states the relationship between two (or more) variables, and it is an important link in scientific research. We must actively carry out theoretical thinking and put forward research hypotheses. First, actively think rationally. Hypothesis is an expectation that has not been proved by practice. It is a tentative theory that combines reasoning and judgment in the process of human thinking. Bold assumptions and careful verification have always been the correct way for scientific research and exploration. According to the understanding of the research object, we can infer unknown guesses and inferences from the known, including various possible theoretical understandings or preliminary conclusions, and make inferences before conducting research. The second is to master the basic standards of research hypothesis. The research hypothesis should have four criteria: first, it can explain the expected relationship between two or more variables; Second, researchers should have clear reasons to explain whether this hypothesis is worth testing; Third, the hypothesis should be testable; Fourth, the assumption should be as simple and clear as possible. The third is to clarify the basic steps of the formation of research hypothesis. The research hypothesis is subjective ... >>
Question 5: What are the key and difficult points in the opening report, and what are the solutions to be taken? Hello, have you decided on the topic of your opening report? Did the teacher agree to the topic of the opening report? Which direction do you want to write?
Have you downloaded the format requirements of your opening report? Have you read the requirements of the school report? Because each school has different requirements for the format of the opening report?
Finally, I wish you a smooth passage of the topic.
The significance and purpose of general topic selection is the first content in the opening report, which is to explain whether the topic you are studying has research value or discussion value. The purpose of writing the opening report is actually to let the tutor judge whether our topic has research value, whether this research method is possible, and whether this argument logic has obvious defects.
When writing meaning, decide the form according to your topic.
It can be divided into practical significance and theoretical significance.
You can also write the purpose and meaning together without subdivision to highlight the novelty and importance of your own point of view.
Suggestions can be described from these two points, but according to their own topics, do not copy mechanically:
1. (Your topic) has not been studied by predecessors, which means that a novel and meaningful topic in the research field has been ignored by predecessors.
2. Previous studies have been made or elaborated, but the argument is not comprehensive enough. You should enrich it or refute the previous view.
In short, the meaning and purpose must be clearly stated and there must be some new ideas.
Secondly, pay attention to the theory you use. What theory do you use to prove your point?
Also make it clear, otherwise it will be difficult to be convincing.
There should also be a detailed literature review and evaluation basis of domestic and foreign research level.
Only in this way can you set off the meaning of your topic.
Question 6: How to write the key points and difficulties in the opening report on the template of online opening report? Just write one according to it. It's very simple. Or according to your thesis outline, which topics are difficult to write, which is the difficulty; Or which titles are the focus of discussion, and the number of words is the focus.
Question 7: How to write about the current research situation in the thesis opening report? (D) Research objectives
The goal of the research is to achieve specific goals and solve specific problems. Compared with the purpose and guiding ideology, the research goal is more specific, and it must be clearly written. Only when the goal is clear and specific can we know what the specific work direction is and what the research focus is, and our thinking will not be disturbed by various factors. The following are the research objectives written in the experimental scheme of Subject Teaching and Quality Education: 1. Through experimental research, the characteristics and laws of implementing quality education in primary and secondary schools are summarized. 2. Put forward opinions on the implementation of quality education in subject teaching in primary and secondary schools; 3. To formulate the objectives and evaluation plans for carrying out quality education in all subjects of primary and secondary schools; 4. Initially form the basic theory of subject teaching in primary and secondary schools under the quality education mechanism; 5. Comprehensively improve the quality of students in experimental schools and promote the improvement of the quality of education in experimental schools; 6. Promote the improvement of teachers' quality in experimental schools and cultivate high-level scientific research teams.
When determining the research objectives of the project, on the one hand, we should consider the requirements of the project itself, on the other hand, we should consider the actual working conditions and level of the research group.
V. Basic contents of the study
When we have the research goal of the subject, we must determine the specific content of our subject according to the goal, and the research content is more specific than the research goal. And a goal may be achieved through several aspects of research, which are not necessarily one-to-one correspondence. When we determine the research content, we often don't consider it very specifically. The research content written is particularly general and vague, and it is very unfavorable for our whole research to regard the purpose and significance of the research as the research content. So learn to break down the topic and do it bit by bit. Here's an example for everyone: The research plan of Guangdong Province's Ninth Five-Year Plan key project "Research and experiment of junior middle school Chinese activity class" points out that the center of this research is how to carry out junior middle school Chinese activity class scientifically, orderly and effectively. The specific content includes the following three aspects.
1. According to the situation of junior middle school students and the requirements of Chinese teaching, the objective system of junior middle school Chinese activity curriculum is established by making detailed provisions on students' quality development in the fields of cognition, emotion and motor skills.
2. According to the goal of junior middle school Chinese activity class and the characteristics of Chinese subject, arrange the content of junior middle school Chinese activity class, strive to be rich, accurate and orderly, and initially form a relatively complete content system of activity class.
3. According to the target content of junior middle school Chinese activity class and the physical characteristics of junior middle school students, explore the learning activities of junior middle school Chinese activity class, determine the teaching time, space and procedure of activity class, and form a variety of practical and operable Chinese activity teaching models on this basis.
Sixth, the steps of research.
The step of project research is the arrangement of project research in time and order. The steps of research should fully consider the relationship and difficulty of research content. Generally, we should start with the basic problems and proceed in stages. There must be regulations on when each stage begins and ends.
Seven, research methods.
There are many methods of educational research, including historical research, investigation research, experimental research, comparative research, theoretical research and so on. A large project often needs many methods. A small project may be mainly one method, but other methods are also needed.
When we apply various methods, we must strictly follow the requirements of the methods, and we must do it with experience and common sense. For example, we need to know the situation through investigation, how to make a questionnaire and how to analyze it, instead of just sending a table, we just need to get some percentages and averages.
Eight, the form of research results
The forms of research results include reports, papers, monographs, software and courseware. The content and form of research results are different with different topics, but no matter what form, the research of the topic must have results, otherwise, the topic will not be completed.
Nine, research institutions and personnel division of labor
In the plan, the project leader, deputy leader, members of the research group and division of labor should be written. The leader of the research group is the person in charge of this topic. A research group should include people from three aspects, namely, people with power, people with insight and people with aspirations. If you have the right, you can get more support. If you have knowledge, the quality and level of the project will be higher. If you are interested, you can work hard and do it in a down-to-earth manner. The division of labor of the research group must be divided into ... >>
Question 8: How to write the key points and difficulties in the opening report and the solutions to be taken? Hello, classmate, which direction did your teacher ask you to write your opening report? What are the requirements for the opening report? How many words does the opening report need? Can you tell me the specific typesetting format requirements? I hope I can help you. Good luck with the topic selection of the opening report. Provide an example for reference only: opening report (style form) Title: Grade: Class: Achievement form: Completion time: Instructor: 1 The purpose and significance of the research. The main contents of the study are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3. Main methods and means of research 1, 2, 3. 5, 6, 7, Table 1- 1 Opening Report (tabular form) Subject: Project: Tutor: Team Leader: Team: Brief background description (how the project was proposed): Purpose and significance of the project: activity plan: 1) Division of tasks: field investigation: surfing the Internet: stages. 3) Experts to be visited: school teachers, etc. Summary of the format of the opening report (general) Because the opening report is the overall idea of the paper embodied in words, the length should not be too large, but the main issues such as the subject to be studied, how to study and the application of the theory should be clearly stated, which should include two parts: general and outline. The general part of the opening report should first put forward the topic, and briefly explain the purpose of the topic, the research status of related topics, the application of theory, research methods, necessary data and so on. The outline of the paper included in the outline opening report can be very thick, which is a basic framework for research ideas. It can be in the form of a whole sentence or an outline. In the opening stage, the purpose of the outline is to let people know the basic framework of the paper, and it is not necessary to be as detailed as the paper catalogue. Examples of the opening report are for reference only: Discussion on the marketing strategy of brand core strength ―― Taking Qingdao Haier Company as an example 1. Research background, overview and significance 1. Background and Overview: Marketing refers to a series of market-related business activities such as product production, circulation and after-sales service conducted by enterprises under the guidance of customer demand. As a planning and execution activity, marketing includes the development, production, pricing, promotion and circulation of a product, a service or an idea, and its purpose is to meet the needs of organizations or individuals through the process of exchange and transaction. Marketing is an enterprise activity and a purposeful and conscious behavior of enterprises. Meeting and guiding consumers' needs is the starting point and center of marketing activities. Enterprises must take consumers as the center, face the changing environment and make correct responses to meet the changing needs of consumers. Meeting the needs of consumers includes not only the current needs, but also the potential needs in the future. The current demand is the tendency to buy existing products, while the potential demand is the desire for a certain function of products that have not yet come out. Enterprises should develop products, use various marketing methods and guide consumers to generate new demands. With the stricter supervision of * * *, the standardized market and the increasing competitive pressure, it will become increasingly difficult to survive by relying on irregular marketing. Haier household appliances is the first brand of white goods in the world and the most valuable brand in China. Under the leadership of CEO Zhang Ruimin, Haier Group has successively implemented brand strategy, diversification strategy, internationalization strategy and global brand strategy. Now, Haier Group has formed a relatively stable market structure and established a sales channel suitable for enterprise development according to its own characteristics. However, with the change of marketing environment, especially the rapid expansion of chain operation and the rapid development of e-commerce, the traditional marketing channel model can no longer adapt to modern times. & gt