Duke Nekhludoff is a juror in the Moscow District Court. On one occasion, he participated in the murder trial of two hotel waiters and a prostitute. Unexpectedly, Maslova, a prostitute, recognized her as Katyusha from her distinctive eyes. He had madly loved her when he was young. So ten years ago, the past appeared in front of Nekhludoff: at that time, he was a college student, living in a manor in menstruation during the summer vacation and writing a thesis. He is kind, enthusiastic, full of ideals, keen on western progressive ideas, and falls in love with menstruation's adopted daughter and handmaid Katyusha. They play and talk together, and their feelings are pure and flawless. Three years later, Nekhludoff graduated from university, joined the Guards, passed by menstruation's manor, and met Katyusha again. In the solemn atmosphere of Easter, he looked at Katyusha's slim figure in a white dress, blushing face and slightly squinting black eyes, and once again realized the joy of pure love. However, after that, secular ideas and passions prevailed. Before he left, he took Katyusha and abandoned her. Later, when I heard that she had fallen, I completely forgot her. Now, he is aware of his sin and his conscience is condemned, but he is afraid of being recognized by Maslova and making a fool of himself on the spot. He is nervous and confused. Other judges and jurors were absent-minded and made empty comments. As a result, Maslova was wrongly sentenced to four years' hard labor in Siberia. When Nekhludoff understood the consequences of his dereliction of duty and saw Maslova crying after being sentenced, he was determined to find the president's lawyer and try to remedy it. The lawyer told him that he should appeal.

Nekhludoff went to Missy's house for dinner with complicated and excited feelings. Originally, the luxurious style and elegant atmosphere here often made him feel very comfortable. But today he seems to see through everyone's essence, and feels that everything is disgusting: General Kirchagan is rude and arrogant; Big miss is eager to get married; The duchess put on airs. He made an excuse to leave early.

When he got home, he began to reflect and purify his soul, and found that he and the people around him were "shameful and disgusting". Mother's behavior before her death; His ambiguous relationship with the eldest daughter of the nobility; He opposed private ownership of land, but inherited his mother's grange. All this happened after the crime against Katyusha. He decided to change his life, and the next day he announced to the housekeeper: pack up, dismiss the servants and move out of this big house.

Nekhludoff went to the prison to visit Maslova and asked her about their children. At first, she was surprised, but she didn't want to touch the wound She simply answered a few words, took him as an available man and asked him for ten rubles of alcohol, tobacco and money to anesthetize herself. The second time Nekhludoff visited the prison, he said he would make amends and even marry her. At this time, Katyusha issued a grieving accusation: "You used me for fun in this life, and you want to use me to save yourself in the afterlife!" "Later, Nekhludoff helped this difficult friend and improved her situation. She also gave up smoking and drinking and worked hard to learn well.

Nekhludoff scattered the land and went to the upper level of Petersburg, but his appeal was still rejected. He had to immediately petition the emperor and go back to Moscow to prepare to go to Siberia with Katyusha. On the way, Katyusha was deeply influenced by the noble sentiments of political prisoners, forgave Nekhludoff, and agreed to combine with simonson who respected her and cared about her happiness. Nekhludoff also got the enlightenment from the Bible that "human beings should love each other, not hate each other".

works appreciation

Resurrection is Tolstoy's late masterpiece. At this time, the writer's world outlook has changed greatly, abandoning the traditional views of the upper-class landlords and aristocrats, re-examining various social phenomena with the eyes of patriarchal peasants, and vividly depicting the real picture of Russian society through the experiences of the hero and heroine: courts that ignore human life and prisons that imprison innocent people; Resplendent churches and ragged prisoners; Poor and bankrupt countryside and luxurious Kyoto; Boundless Siberia and political prisoners in handcuffs and shackles. Tolstoy made a fierce attack on the whole state machine at that time with the most sober realistic attitude.

First of all, the writer tried the "judge" with in the name of people, tore off the masks of czar bureaucrats, official priests and representatives of your brigade sitting high on the trial bench, and analyzed their dirty souls. A deeper trial was held in Nekhludoff's mind. He was the first sinner who caused Katyusha's misfortune. After recognizing Katyusha in court, "his soul has to feel the cruelty, cowardice and meanness of that kind of behavior, as well as his idle, degenerate, cruel and lazy life." From then on, he began a turning point in his thoughts and life. He tried to transform from "animal man" to "spiritual man", and tried to re-examine everything around him with the eyes of victims and ordinary people. He gradually became a judge in the class. Through the interaction between the protagonist and the top of the ruling class, the author finds that the real culprit is the person who has the power of life and death and makes laws. He realizes that "cannibalism does not start from the forest, but from ministries and government offices". Nekhludoff ran to the bottom of the poor and saw farmers struggling on the hunger line. He realized that "the main reason for farmers' poverty is obvious, that is, the only land that can support them has been taken away from them by landlords".

Nekhludoff is the hero in Tolstoy's works, and he expresses the theme of his works. However, without the image of Katyusha, people's lives would not be fully displayed, and Resurrection would not have such a profound and touching power. When the writer wrote Katyusha, he showed such sincere sympathy and love. As a girl, she is the adopted daughter and servant of the landlord's family, but she is not servile at all. She is innocent, but naive and ignorant. With a pure heart, she looks forward to a beautiful world and is immersed in a happy life. Katyusha, who was raped, also had fantasies. Until the stormy autumn night, Nekhludoff sat in the comfortable and bright first-class carriage, playing cards and laughing, while Katyusha ran and shouted beside the train, but got no reply. At this time, she began to realize that there was an insurmountable gap between them, and they belonged to two worlds. She really wants to jump under the wheel and spend her life. The peristalsis of the fetus aroused her maternal feelings, but from then on, she lost her light and hope and groped and struggled in the dark. "She no longer believes in God and kindness" and realizes that "all those words about God and kindness are lies".

Katyusha? Maslova's image is full and true, and she is unique among the female galleries in the history of Russian literature. Its typical significance is also profound. It is through Katyusha and her unfortunate experience that the work reflects "the great people's sea surging all the way to the deepest seabed" (in Lenin). In the image system, she and Nekhludoff complement each other, which embodies the theme of the work. If in Tolstoy's conception, Nekhludoff's lust on Easter night is the beginning of his fall, then Katyusha's doubt and denial of goodness and god in the scene of the stormy station is the internal cause of her fall. The turning point of their lives depends on their attitude towards the eternal law-the truth of God. Therefore, their later spiritual revival first converted to God and restored their faith in goodness and love. Nekhludoff repents and atones, and Katyusha forgives each other and saves love. At the same time, Tolstoy, a master of realism, also wrote the social factors and class opposition in the relationship between hero and heroine, which made the social theme and ethical theme closely combined and integrated.

As an aristocrat, under the impact of capitalist forces, Tolstoy only saw the state machine-the intensification of violence, the decline of social morality and the bankruptcy of the countryside. In order to compete with the capitalist world, he naturally turned to farmers. Luna Charles base pointed out that this is not only the result of Tolstoy's personal exploration, but also the road from herzen to populism, and "Tolstoy is particularly typical in this respect" because he objectively reflects the characteristics of Russian peasant bourgeois revolution. This also determines the typical significance of Nekhludoff's image.

Since the beginning of this century, Resurrection has been published in six editions in China. In 1930s and 1940s, a play of the same name adapted by playwrights Tian Han and Xia Yan was published and staged. The work and its protagonist have become very familiar and favorite figures for readers and audiences in China.