The core of Liang Wudi's homology theory of three religions is that Confucianism and Taoism originated from Buddhism. In his view, Lao Zi, Duke Zhou and Kong are Muny's disciples, and Muny has a mentoring relationship with Lao Zi and Confucius. He also compared the highest Buddhism to the moon in the dark, and the inferior Confucianism to the stars. They are different from each other, but they also complement each other. Liang Wudi preached that Confucianism and Taoism are not as good as Buddhism, because Confucianism and Taoism can only seek the goodness of the world; Buddha is superior to Confucianism and Taoism because it can make people become saints in the world. Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism are the differences between heaven and earth, heaven and earth and saints. In this way, we can give priority to Buddhism, combine the three, connect with each other in theory and complement each other in practice, that is, we can not only teach people to be good at the world with Confucianism and Taoism, but also persuade people to become Buddhists with Buddhist teachings. Such a combination of the three was extremely beneficial to the stability of feudal rule. Therefore, Liang Wudi sometimes referred to Xun, Muny, Lao Zi and Confucius as "three saints".
Liang Wudi is well-read and diligent in writing, including Nirvana Sutra Notes 10 1 Volume, Mahayana Sutra Notes 50 volumes, Three Sessions Sutra Notes, Jing Ming Jing Yi Lu, Dafa Tibetan Sutra Notes 16 volumes, and Fa Most of his works have been lost, and the existing ones are mainly preserved in Hong Ming Ji, Guang Hong Ming Ji and Quan Liang Wen. These works expounded Liang Wudi's theory about the homology of the three religions.
During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, Buddhism developed relatively independently because of its confluence with metaphysics. Buddhism, as a religion, not only has a set of exquisite idealism theory, but also adapts to the metaphysical taste of upper-class literati. There is also a superstitious theory of karma, which can be used as a tool to rule the people, so most upper-class people advocate this religion, resulting in the prosperity of Buddhism at this time. At this time, under the influence of Buddhism, Taoism formed a certain theory and ceremony, which coexisted with Buddhism and did not waste it. At the same time, the Confucian concept of etiquette and law has always maintained a certain position in the whole society, and the study of Confucian classics has never been interrupted, and sometimes Confucianism still occupies a dominant position. Therefore, in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the pattern of coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism gradually formed, and the three religions influenced each other and merged their thoughts. Liang Wudi's theory of homology of three religions is a theoretical reflection of this historical fact. Its appearance not only shows the status of Buddhism in the Southern Dynasties as a state religion, but also lays the foundation for the future convergence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, which is of great significance.
The chaos of Hou Jing, which happened in Liang Wudi's later years, made the Liang Dynasty "all registered, nothing else" and caused "a thousand miles of smoke"
What is rare is that people are inaccessible and bones are gathered together, such as Qiu's tragic situation. I also died of depression and the Liang Dynasty collapsed.
Will soon go extinct. Wang Fuzhi in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties believed that Liang Wudi's superstition of Buddhism in his later years led to the post-Beijing chaos.
Government affairs are slack. "In fact, this is only one aspect of the problem. Another more important aspect is related to Liang Wudi's greed and loss.
Letters are closely related to human error.
Hou Jing was a subordinate of Er Zhurong, an important official in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and later took refuge in Gao Huan. After Gao Huan's death, he took the land of thirteen states in Henan.
Surrender to the Western Wei Dynasty. Yu Wentai, the prime minister of the Western Wei Dynasty, knew that Hou Jing's deception was changeable, so when he accepted Hou Jing's surrender, he took "surrender"
With a cautious attitude, he sent troops to take over seven of the thirteen states and thirteen towns in Hou Jing. Because I can't get the letter from the Western Wei Dynasty.
Ren, at the same time, was hit by the Eastern Wei Dynasty, and Hou Jing, who was capricious by nature, wanted to take refuge in the Liang Dynasty. Minister of Liang Dynasty shot Xie Ju and others.
Resolutely opposed to accepting Hou Jing, but Liang Wudi coveted the land of thirteen states, did not listen to advice, and decided to accept Hou Jing, thus laying a curse.
Root. In order to gain the land of thirteen states, he sent his nephew Xiao Yuanming to meet the enemy with 50,000 troops, but he was defeated by Xiao Yuanming and Liang.
Almost completely annihilated. Hou Jing rode only 800 people to the Liang Dynasty. Liang Wudi didn't get an inch of land and lost it.
My nephew joined the army. Of course, this business was lost, but Liang Wudi also appointed Hou Jing as the secretariat of Nanyu Prefecture and handed it over to Wanduan and Bing.
After several battles, Hou Jing, who was at the end of the road, got a breathing space.
Later, the Eastern Wei took the initiative to make peace with the Liang Dynasty, abandoned his family and decided to exchange his nephew for Hou Jing.
. This heartless and dishonest behavior drove the capricious Hou Jing to a desperate situation. At that time, Hou Jing was very harmful.
I am afraid that the Liang Dynasty will make peace with the Eastern Wei Dynasty and resolutely oppose it. According to the biography of thieves and ministers in the Southern History, Hou Jing sent someone to pretend to be Xiang Liang, the messenger of the Eastern Wei Dynasty.
North Korea offered to exchange Hou Jing for Xiao Yuanming to test Liang Wudi's attitude. Liang Wudi didn't know it was a scam, so he told the bearer: "Zhenyang (Xiao Yuan)
Town Yang Hou) arrived, Hou Jingxi came back. "Hou Jingxin, hence betrayal. It can be seen that Liang Wudi's renege is
The direct cause of the rebellion in Hou Jing. The saddest thing is that Liang Wudi was unprepared for Hou Jing and entered the circle set by Hou Jing.
Settings.
The Hou Jing Rebellion was also closely related to Liang Wudi's improper employment. Xiao Zhengde is Liang Wudi's nephew. Good morning.
I did murder and steal goods in 2000, and my character was very poor. After being adopted, I thought I would be an emperor in the future.
Who knew that when he had a son, the emperor returned the little one to his father. Xiao Zhengde bears a grudge because he didn't go to the Northern Wei Dynasty.
I didn't come back until I succeeded. In the Hou Jing Rebellion, Liang Wudi made such a traitor and thief shoulder the heavy responsibility of defending the capital. knot
Fruit, when Hou Jing promised to let Xiao be emperor after the job was done, he colluded with Hou Jing and used Hou Jing's boat.
The rebels took over the Yangtze River and Qinhuai River and immediately surrounded the palace-Taicheng. No wonder some people want to lament Liang Wudi's "yes-man"
Unfortunately, I didn't see it before, made a big mistake, didn't know it, lost my reputation, was worshipped by the country, and was laughed at by the people through the ages! "(《
History as a Mirror (volume 195), but it seems that Liang Wudi himself didn't realize this until his death. Before he died, he sighed and said, "I see."
What do you hate most if you lose yourself? "Very confused.
"Thousands of miles of warblers crow green and reflect red, and the flag wind of Shuizhai Mountain fruit wine. Four hundred and eighty halls in the southern dynasties, how many towers are misty and rainy. " This is a famous work by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, which depicts the prosperity of Buddhism in the Southern Dynasties in vivid language. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Buddhism flourished. Xiao Yan, the Emperor of A Liang in the Southern Dynasties, was an emperor who believed in Buddhism and advocated the development of Buddhism. He gave his life to Tongtai Temple (now Jiming Temple in Nanjing) and became a monk four times. The so-called sacrifice, one is to give up wealth, that is, to give all your personal resources to the temple. There is also a kind of self-sacrifice, that is, voluntarily entering the temple to serve the monks. Liang Wudi gave his life three times in 527, 529 and 547. The first time I gave my life was 4 days, and the last time was 37 days. And every time, the court redeemed it with a large sum of money. The temple earned considerable income because of him. Buddhism flourished in the Liang Dynasty when he was in power. At that time, there were more than 500 Buddhist temples inside and outside Jiankang City, with 65438+ 10,000 monks and nuns. In 504 AD, he personally led 20,000 monks and laymen in Chongyun Pavilion, Chongyun Hall, and wrote "Abandoning Taoism and Walking Buddhist Scriptures".
Liang Wudi devoted himself to Buddhism, neglecting state affairs, and social contradictions intensified. In the early years, there were no children, and the adopted son was a small heir. Later, Liang Wudi gave birth to a son named Xiao Tong, who was immediately made a prince, while his nephew Xiao was renamed Xifeng Hou. This makes Xiao indignant. At this moment, Hou Jing, the general of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, took refuge in the Liang Dynasty because of his disagreement with his political opponent Gao Huan, and Liang Wudi made him the king of Yu. Hou Jing is insidious and treacherous. Seeing that there were many contradictions within the royal family, he thought there was an opportunity, so he colluded with Xiao to launch a coup and promised to make Xiao Zhengde emperor when it was done. Finally, the rebels invaded Jiankang City, trapped Miyagi, and then led Wuhu to Manmia. The monk emperor Liang Wudi was trapped in the palace. Nothing can be done. Nobody asked him. Finally, the emperor starved to death in his palace. Coincidentally, the mirror of unofficial history in China also recorded: "In March of the third year of Taiqing (AD 549), Hou Jing captured Miyagi. Xiao Yan's diet was cut off, and his mouth was bitter. He even shouted, "Dear! Dear. " Finally, he starved to death in Ju Jing Hall at the age of 86. Xiao Zhengde didn't become emperor in the end, but he was killed by Hou Jing after it was done.