Alpha decay is a radioactive decay. In this process, a nucleus releases an alpha particle (helium nucleus formed by two neutrons and two protons), which is transformed into a new nucleus with the mass number reduced by 4 and the nuclear charge number reduced by 2. Alpha particles are the same as helium nuclei. In essence, α decay is a process of quantum mechanical tunneling effect.

Alpha particles are helium nuclei, and all electrons are stripped, that is, He, with a relative atomic mass of 4 and a speed of110 at the speed of light. Beta particles are electrons, that is, e? The mass is very small and the speed can reach 9/ 10 of the speed of light. Alpha particles are particles emitted when some radioactive materials decay. They are composed of two neutrons and two protons (helium -4), with a speed of 20,000 kilometers per second and a positive charge.

The origin of α β decay;

Becquerel's discovery and the establishment of atomic decay theory 1895 After the discovery of X-rays, French scientist becquerel put potassium uranium sulfate crystal and photographic film together when studying the relationship between X-rays and visible light. He was surprised to find that uranium salt without sunlight can also make the negative film sensitive. Later, he did a series of experiments.

1896, becquerel announced that uranium and uranium-bearing materials can emit some invisible rays, which can penetrate black paper to make the negative film sensitive. The nature of this kind of radiation is called radioactivity, and radioactive elements are called radioactive elements. The radiation emitted spontaneously by elements is called natural radiation.