Analysis on the Influence of Globalization on Football

Ye jiachun

Abstract: Globalization is a popular concept in recent years, which has had a far-reaching impact in the political, economic and cultural fields. In particular, economic globalization has promoted the development of globalization in other fields. From the perspective of the interaction between football and society, economy and management system, as well as the globalization trend of football, this paper emphatically analyzes and discusses the opportunities and challenges brought by football globalization to world football, and puts forward that we should recognize the globalization development trend, handle all kinds of contradictions well and respond to all kinds of challenges scientifically.

Keywords: football; Globalization; World football

Classification number: G843 document identification number: a

Article number:1004-4590 (2005) 03-0073-03.

Author: Ye Jiachun (Department of Physical Education, jiaying university, Meizhou, 5 140 15).

Globalization is a popular concept in recent years, which has had a far-reaching impact in political, economic and cultural fields, especially economic globalization has driven the development of globalization in other fields. Economic globalization is a historical process: on the one hand, the economies of countries and regions in the world are intertwined, influenced and integrated into a unified whole, that is, a "global unified market" has been formed; On the other hand, global rules for regulating economic behavior have been established worldwide, and on this basis, a global mechanism for economic operation has been established. The industrialization of football is a good example. Since the establishment of the first professional football club, football has become a multi-billion dollar industry, and the relationship between football and economy is getting closer and closer. The continuous development of economic globalization will definitely affect the future of football more profoundly. How to make the development of football into the track of economic integration is a subject worthy of study.

2 football globalization is the inevitable trend of football development

The so-called football globalization refers to the long development process of football activities breaking through the boundaries and restrictions of countries and regions and gradually integrating into one, which can also be called global football integration. This includes the globalization of football talents, professional clubs and football skills and tactics. Due to the emergence of pay TV, laws and regulations in Possman and the increasing commercial income of football, the development of this sport has been strongly promoted, and the participation of investors and the stock market has brought this sport to a new development track.

2. 1 football talent globalization

Football talents include excellent players, coaches and agents, among which players play a leading role. As the main body of a team, players not only become the conditions to win the game, but also become an important weight for the club management. In order to attract the attention of fans and increase the income of TV broadcast, clubs have made great efforts to introduce players. For example, in the 96/97 season, the Premier League spent 654.38 billion pounds on players, and in 2006.5438+0, the transfer fee of French player Zidane reached a new record of 64.4 million dollars. By 2003, Chelsea alone had spent nearly 654.38 billion pounds on players. Players not only reflect their own value on the football field, but also their commercial value is paid more and more attention by the club. In terms of the number of players transferred, since the implementation of the Possman Rule of 1995, players have been transferred more freely. From 1990 to 1996, there were 1350 players transferred to England. According to the latest statistics of Brazilian Football Association, in 200 1 year, Brazil exported 733 professional football players abroad, setting a historical record. It is 4.5 1 percentage point higher than the previous record in 2000. In 2000, 70 1 soccer players in Brazil played for foreign clubs. With the development of football globalization, Asian players are gradually going to the world. Japanese players have participated in professional football leagues in 265,438+0 countries, with more than 50 teams and more than 54 people joining the first team. From 1978 to 2003, there were also 16 people in China who moved to European clubs. In Europe, German foreign aid players account for 52.5% of the total, and English foreign aid players account for 53.65% of the total. These data show that the development of football globalization has promoted the extensive exchange of excellent players from all over the world. Changing players in time is very important for the survival and development of a professional football club. Only through continuous personnel flow and optimized combination can we form the most ideal and powerful lineup. According to the incomplete statistics of the Italian Football Association, the turnover rate of Italian players is 75%-80% every three years. On the other hand, the more stars there are in a club, it is not directly proportional to the performance of a club, but directly proportional to the economic benefits of the club. This is a distinctive feature that globalization has brought to world football.

In addition to the globalization of players, the communication between coaches is becoming more and more frequent. Relying on external forces to improve the national level has become a common practice in the sports field, including football. This is the case in countries with backward football, and the powerful English team has followed suit. Eriksson is the first foreign coach in England, the birthplace of modern football; In the Japan-Korea World Cup, Senegal's outstanding head coach was French. China, Japan and South Korea have hired well-known coaches in international football. At the beginning of their professional league, Japanese football introduced a large number of foreign high-level coaches and players, and their local players tried their best to send them out, even at their own expense. It is this self-awareness that made Japanese football make a major breakthrough in 10. Hiddink's example should be the most vivid. Under his leadership, a group of Korean players who have never won the World Cup have become warriors with strong fighting capacity and strict discipline. This can be regarded as the most successful example of the great changes that have taken place after the Asian football team hired foreign coaches. We have reason to believe that excellent foreign players and coaches can promote the all-round development of world football, especially for countries with underdeveloped football.

As an intermediary between players and coaches, the profession of football agent is also booming. With the process of professionalization and commercialization of football, the scale of football industry is growing, and brokers have gradually become an indispensable part of professional football. In an alliance with a normal talent flow system, brokers have almost become the guarantee and lubricant for the operation of this system. With the football game transcending the region and expanding to the whole world, talents are flowing around the world, and various football industries, especially the trading of players, are increasingly separated. The success of trading needs more and more information, and football agents who engage in player trading and business competition organizations across borders are becoming more and more popular. These brokers not only do intermediary services, but also sometimes cooperate with national sports associations to participate in and organize grand prix or international invitational tournament. For example, the famous IMG international management company not only acts as the agent of world-class athletes, but also organizes various sports competitions, which has played a positive role in promoting the development of football. Football brokers play a vital role in the establishment of football industry and football market. They play an important role in safeguarding the interests of players and clubs, ensuring the smooth progress of football matches and better meeting the needs of the market. By 20001year, there were 288 football agents licensed by FIFA, distributed in 35 countries. Among them, Europe has the largest number, with 47 in Britain, 35 in Germany, 32 in France, 20 in Italy and the Netherlands 1 1. In addition, there are 5 in Brazil, 4 in the United States, 4 in Asia and South Korea, and 2 in Japan. The globalization of football needs more international brokers, and these brokerage companies and brokers have also promoted the communication of football in various countries and played a positive role in the development of world football.

2.2 the integration of football culture

With the development of the world economy and the arrival of the information age, football culture also blends with each other and draws lessons from each other. European culture accommodates the passion and creativity of South American culture and creates a new image of Britain. Its playing style is no longer dull and monotonous "power" football, but the reform of playing technical football makes it full of vitality. South American culture is gradually absorbing the rationality and discipline of European culture. Taking Argentina as the representative, while maintaining the original technical characteristics, we should pay attention to the rules of football and abide by the overall discipline, and change the image of South American football with a more pragmatic spirit. They not only have outstanding personal skills, but also accelerate their overall tactics. They not only keep improvisation, but also abide by the rules and disciplines of football. At the same time, TV media plays a vital role in the promotion of football. It presents different football styles to the audience and promotes learning and understanding among countries. The most typical way is to use "samba dance" to summarize the football style in Brazil. It can be seen that the style of "football machine" is boring and the lack of creativity on the court is often disappointing. The background of the great integration of football in the world today is also the great integration of culture. The football collision between Europe and Latin America, and the stars of various countries across continents and oceans, has also formed an unprecedented imperative harmonious trend. With the promulgation of Possman Law, European football, which represents the highest level of football, began to attract outstanding players from all continents. The Turkish team is obviously a Eurasian "hybrid". More than half of their main lineup plays for top foreign clubs, and their football is fully integrated into Europe. When players and teams jump out of their native land, it is becoming an irresistible trend to study abroad to play football and lay eggs by borrowing chickens. The World Cup, which constantly integrates football culture, will stage a "good show" of globalization. South Korea has already had the shadow of the Dutch team under the training of Dutchman Hiddink. Senegal, with the title of "France's second team", most of the players play in Ligue 1, which has made amazing progress invisibly. Even the super-strong Brazilian team can't avoid customs. The starting team 1 1 has 9 players playing in Europe. The World Cup is the best stage to show the globalization of football style.

2.3 Football management internationalization

Football leagues in various countries are the foundation of football development, football clubs are the main body of the leagues, and management is the main link of club operation. If properly managed, globalization will provide more opportunities for the development of this sport in countries where football facilities were scarce and football talents were buried in the past. Football industrialization is the only way for the future development of football. Now the football industry has become one of the most promising industries in the world. In Italy, Britain, France and Spain, this industry has become an important member of the capital market. Britain is at the forefront in this regard. At present, there are 15 English football clubs listed on the stock exchange, among which Manchester United is not only the most successful club, but also the most successful club, with an annual income of 1. 1 100 million pounds. Advanced operation management is the foundation of the development of football clubs. In Europe, clubs not only rely on sponsorship, but also their merchandise sales and ticket sales account for most of the total income, but entering the stock market is the only way for the club to succeed further. Juventus, for example, is the first Italian company to move towards a joint-stock system. In order to make the club market-oriented, the club managers planned for three years, and learned from the successful experience of England in management, and finally completed this transformation. For countries with underdeveloped football, it is equally important to learn not only football skills and tactics, but also football management and management.

Football globalization is a double-edged sword.

The globalization of football provides more open communication and learning opportunities for backward football countries, and they can more easily absorb advanced techniques and tactics and high-level coaches. It also brings new opportunities for the development of football and provides a broad space for the rapid development of the world football industry. However, we also see that with the bankruptcy of ISL company, a chain reaction has appeared-in addition to the sale of the TV broadcasting rights of the World Cup, which plays a locomotive role in the football economy, the financial black holes of European clubs have also appeared. Football globalization is still in the development period, and we must clearly understand its positive significance and negative impact on world football, so as to truly seize the opportunity and adapt to the development of globalization.

3. 1 Monopoly of financial capital on football clubs

In European football, with more and more football clubs trying to implement the shareholding system, some financial investors and institutions are buying shares in clubs on a large scale all over Europe. UEFA is concerned about the excessive penetration of the football industry by financial investment institutions. The British National Investment Corporation is committed to controlling some football clubs. It is the first football management consortium in Europe. At present, it has controlled the shares of four football clubs in four countries. The goal of this company is to establish a "football club family" for profit. Obviously, this company thinks that the club is just a tool to make money. Their practice may improve the communication and cooperation between clubs, but it is not clear whether they can truly reflect the meaning of football when playing in the same venue. We can't deny that the involvement of investors can bring huge economic benefits and development potential to the club, but this development should be based on the interests of football, and the club can't be a victim of the profits of these companies.

3.2 The unbalanced development and regionalization trend of globalization

Although the globalization of football has been widely developed in the world, its development is still unbalanced and regionalized due to historical and cultural differences. The internationalization trend of English club players is not consistent with the unconstrained globalization process. Because English Football Club pays more attention to attracting players from the British Isles, Northern Europe and Commonwealth countries, because these countries are quite similar to England in terms of cultural orientation, weather, language and football style. The same is true in continental Europe and South America.

Perhaps because of the traditional colonial relationship between the two sides of the ocean, Spain and Portugal have long been the preferred destinations for South American players to play abroad; Top African players have played in major leagues in Europe, especially in France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Spain. Brazil and Argentina continue to attract some football elites from small neighboring countries such as Uruguay. This regional tendency reduces the communication between national football teams and limits the development of football to some extent. Therefore, it is necessary to increase regional cooperation, so that excellent players from various countries can communicate in a wider range.

3.3 "Matthew effect"

Matthew effect is often mentioned by economists, and its creator is Robert, a famous American scientist. Merton: Since football entered the era of commercialization, a large amount of capital investment has pushed the development of this sport to a new era. Driven by the football economy, the development of football globalization is unbalanced. According to the viewpoint of economic development, funds only flow to places where money can be made. Countries and regions with poor football environment in the world are in danger of being gradually marginalized. Even in a country with developed football and developed economy, it is becoming more and more "prosperous", and for those economically backward areas, football is becoming more and more difficult to survive. European leagues have become synonymous with the highest level leagues in the world, and domestic leagues and even domestic players have been marginalized. With the imbalance of capital investment, this gap is getting bigger and bigger, forming the so-called "Matthew effect". For example, since the leap of 1999-2000 season, the overall economic situation of French clubs has been relatively stable. With the overall economic situation basically maintained, the gap between the rich and the poor between clubs has widened. Last season, the budget ratio of the richest club to the poorest club was about 5: 1, but a year later, this figure has become nearly 9: 1. And the poorer the club, the less it can get sponsorship from big companies. In England, the average size of Super League clubs is now five times that of first-class clubs. Too many clubs hope to join the Super League through expansion, buy players at high prices and pay unbearable wages to the club, which leads to the unhealthy development of football. Going to Europe, especially the five major leagues in Europe, has become the dream of all non-European players, and sending their players to European stadiums has become the knowledge of football managers in various countries.

4 conclusion

The globalization of football is both an opportunity and a challenge. The globalization of football, like the globalization in other fields, is not only a new stage of the development of world football, but also a new era full of crises. For countries and regions with backward football, the globalization of football is an opportunity for their rapid growth. Foreign high-level leagues provide them with a more open communication platform, so that their level can grow in this environment. At the same time, learning from the management experience of foreign football and the operation mechanism of the league can quickly improve the management level of football, thus helping the healthy development of domestic football. In addition, the communication between coaches and players helps to speed up the cultivation of outstanding football talents. However, the challenge of football globalization is equally severe. For example, how to make this globalization become a real "globalization" instead of Europeanization of football, avoid the emergence of "Matthew effect" and realize the * * * development of football all over the world is a very realistic problem. In today's world, the relationship between football and economy is getting closer and closer, and the contradiction between them is becoming more and more prominent. Facing the challenge of football globalization, we must recognize the development trend, absorb the advanced experience of other countries, handle all kinds of contradictions well, seize the opportunity, and respond to all kinds of challenges scientifically, so as to make football develop better.

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