Abstract: In the increasingly prominent period of aging, the problem of empty nesters is particularly obvious, and it is urgent to solve this problem. This paper mainly analyzes the present situation and problems of empty nesters from the aspects of their psychology and life, and then introduces the reasons for the ethical dilemma from the aspects of service objects and social workers. Faced with this major problem, the development of social work will face a series of obstacles. We will study such problems through specific problems, better serve the empty nesters in the community, and finally focus on this.

Keywords: social work; Empty nesters; Ethical dilemma

China's aging process is accelerating, which requires us to speed up the development of aging society, alleviate the problems caused by aging, and promote the development of aging cause. Due to the outstanding ethical characteristics of social work for the elderly, various complex, conflicting values and thorny problems will be encountered in the process of carrying out social work for the elderly, which will lead to the dilemma of social work ethics. Whether the dilemma can be solved correctly determines the success or failure of practical activities and the realization of self-value of social work.

Analysis on the current situation of empty nesters in 1 G community

With the rapid growth of social economy, the problem of empty nesters is no longer a simple personal problem. This serious problem needs to be solved urgently. On the one hand, empty nesters are faced with the decline of physical condition, self-care ability, social adaptability and life security problems, which eventually lead to the decline of quality of life and lack of happiness; On the other hand, the lack of spiritual comfort often leads to emptiness, anxiety, anxiety and loneliness.

(A) lack of physical and psychological comfort

In daily life, the elderly lack care and life is not easy. Although some elderly people in G community are relatively independent economically, most of them mainly rely on their children's living expenses, which makes it difficult for them to accept huge medical expenses. Moreover, due to the lack of common sense to prevent diseases, the chances of getting sick in the elderly increase. Especially when they go to the hospital for examination or get sick, they all take care of their wives when they have the ability to take care of them. Simple things in daily life can still be handled, and empty nesters can't deal with emergencies effectively. In their own mental state, because the elderly living alone lack the comfort of their children, they will have some emptiness and loneliness, and often have a series of problems. Although there are many places for the elderly in the community, they prefer to stay at home alone and rarely communicate with the outside world. In the long run, empty nesters will feel pessimistic and depressed, which will lead to depression and lifelessness. On weekdays, they will pull a long face, sigh and sometimes secretly cry. What's more, an old man will suffer from Alzheimer's disease.

(2) Bad feelings and low participation.

In the questionnaire recruitment of randomly looking for the elderly in the community, some elderly people have some rejection to us, refusing to participate on the grounds of "I can't read" and "I don't have time". This kind of social worker's inherent psychological and professional intervention has ethical dilemma, so it is impossible to carry out activities and correctly analyze and understand the actual situation of empty nesters in the community. Due to the shrinking interpersonal circle after the relocation, the community has no regular collective activities, so it is difficult to gather on a large scale, and the communication opportunities between the elderly are gradually decreasing, and they are unwilling to communicate with strangers. At the same time, because the elderly can't keep up with the rapid development of the information society, they know less information and resources, which leads to obstacles in their communication with people of other ages. In the long run, the elderly will isolate themselves from the family, unwilling to join a harmonious family, and have no positive enthusiasm for the service of social workers, which will have a negative impact on empty nesters and community construction.

2 the basic connotation and causes of ethical dilemma

(A) the basic connotation

Ethical dilemma refers to the conflict and contradiction of different responsibilities and obligations required of practitioners in professional values. In the process of practice, due to the complexity of the situation and the particularity of the clients, social workers are faced with the dilemma of multi-angle theoretical choice. In practical work, it is difficult for social workers to make choices that are in line with social ethics and the interests of all parties according to the ethical standards of social work because people have value conflicts in lifestyle, rights, culture and religion.

(B) the causes of ethical dilemmas

1. Characteristics of social work specialty and its value itself

Social work specialty has its distinctive characteristics and is closely related to ethical issues. Because of its own characteristics, social workers are prone to ethical dilemmas and embarrassing problems. Mainly manifested in: the contradiction and conflict between the ethical system and the degree of social work specialization. For example, in the process of carrying out activities in G community, the old people used to be very active, but this time they suddenly insisted on leaving in the middle of the activities, which made social workers face certain ethical difficulties; Generally speaking, there is a certain degree of fuzziness and uncertainty in the professions and occupations that take people as the working objects. On the one hand, the ambiguous expressions of the staff make it difficult for social workers to determine what kind of help they really need. On the other hand, professional values and ethical theory are not perfect, and social workers' knowledge is not perfect, so it is often difficult to formulate a unified guidance plan. Finally, many factors can't be changed by social workers. With limited resources, it is difficult to evaluate what kind of influence they have had after their intervention.

2. Conflicts between individuals and the environment

In the process of interaction between individuals and the environment, contradictions and conflicts often arise. For example, social workers should respect the freedom and value of their clients and pay attention to social responsibility. Let social workers analyze the specific situation and assume different responsibilities in different problems. Under certain circumstances, there will be contradictions and conflicts between different values and roles. In G community, most old people are mainly farmers and are used to agricultural labor. When social workers talk about urban life, they will have some different views, that rural people support urban people and so on, which has become the main cause of ethical dilemma.

3. Conflicts between different social cultures

Since social work originated in the west, in the actual process of social work, the collision between eastern and western cultures led to ethical dilemma. Social work in China is influenced by traditional culture, and the paternalism of social workers will directly conflict with the autonomy of the elderly. In G community, the old people are deeply influenced by traditional culture, and they are often more willing to accept things in the traditional sense. Social workers will think that their own methods can effectively help the elderly to deal with problems, while some empty nesters think that their own affairs have their own solutions. Social workers have some differences in understanding and solving problems in the process of service, which leads to ethical dilemma when receiving these things, which makes social work difficult to carry out.

3 the performance of ethical dilemma

The ethical dilemma of social work refers to the situation that social workers encounter unsolvable ethical problems in the process of serving the elderly case owners, that is, observing one of the ethical norms with obvious conflicts will violate the other. In the practice of social work, it is mainly reflected in the conflict between different clients, professional values and traditional concepts, as well as confidentiality issues. The specific performance is: endprint.

(A) the ethical dilemma of professional value and traditional thinking

Since social work entered China, it has been facing an important issue of localization. Because social work is the product of western traditional culture, there are many collisions between Chinese and western cultures in the process of China. In the process of social work of the elderly, the influence of traditional Confucianism makes them unwilling to seek help from social workers and tell them the difficulties they encounter. Once involved, the elderly will become completely dependent on social workers, which violates the principle of self-determination and puts social workers in an ethical dilemma. As far as G community is concerned, after a period of getting along, we have initially established a professional relationship of mutual trust with the elderly. In activities, social workers often help the elderly when they need to do it by hand. At this time, the old man will completely hand this matter over to the social worker, which creates a dilemma for the social worker.

(b) Moral dilemmas involving privacy

In the process of carrying out social work practice for the elderly, social workers need to know a series of information about the elderly clients in order to better intervene. However, some survey questions are the privacy of elderly clients, who are unwilling to disclose more information to social workers. Social workers can't interfere with the lives of the elderly at will, let alone publicize some privacy issues of the elderly at will. Only the elderly are willing, and only by understanding the problems they encounter in life can they be better helped to solve them. However, in the process of investigation, some elderly people do not actively cooperate with the problem, or even refuse, which usually leads to work failure and puts social workers in trouble.

Moral dilemma of different customers

In social work for the elderly, the clients of the elderly come from the choices of families, institutions and society. Different clients, different roles and different obligations are assumed. When serving different goals, requirements often conflict. When social workers serve the interests of the elderly families, they may harm the interests of society, thus triggering a series of ethical dilemmas. After the loyalty to different objects, it includes the service objectives and service concepts of social workers. Social workers should represent not only the interests of their clients, but also the interests of their own organizations. Old people need social workers to protect their interests. In addition, social workers need to be responsible for their own institutions. When their clients conflict with their own organizations, they have to solve the problems they encounter and abide by the principles and purposes of their own organizations, which often makes it difficult for social workers to handle affairs.

4 Solution principle

(1) Follow the principle of giving priority to customers' rights.

When social workers recruit clients through activities, they should first consider the family living standards and physical health of the elderly clients, so as to promote the elderly to develop certain good living habits in their daily lives. Social workers should formulate specific policies and strategies according to different needs in their activities. Respect the rights of the elderly themselves, protect their due rights, maintain a certain rationality in social work, deal with problems based on certain principles, pay attention to ensuring that their normal lives cannot be disturbed, and provide some help to the elderly by linking medical resources to ensure that their rights will not be violated or forced. In the G community, based on the background of the relocated community, social workers will regularly organize health campaigns and lectures on health knowledge, so that the elderly clients can know some basic health knowledge, lead a healthy lifestyle and pay attention to their own health.

(B) the principle of elderly customers' autonomy

Self-determination refers to the way or right of a specific subject to handle certain affairs according to his own will. In the process of all-round social work practice, the principle of self-determination is a key issue that social workers should pay attention to. Respecting the principle of self-determination of the parties is an affirmation and an important way for them to express their wishes or ideas. Especially the elderly clients, we should respect their right to dominate their own lives, do not ask the elderly to do anything contrary to the current social value orientation, and avoid the use of some sensitive words and the performance of their behavior. In the activities, give full play to the autonomy of the elderly, help them review their life course, and build their confidence and confidence in life in the new era. After experiencing a series of ethical dilemmas, social workers have formulated a series of programs in view of the special situation of G community, in order to protect the principle of self-determination of the parties as much as possible, give full play to their abilities, and promote the reasonable solution of their elderly affairs.

(c) Respect for the principle of cultural differences

The influence of culture on people is deep-rooted, especially for the elderly. Traditional culture has inseparable feelings. As the origin of social work has the characteristics of western culture, China's social work is facing the cross of cultural differences between the East and the West, so it is necessary to nationalize social work, which also requires social workers to combine the characteristics of China's traditional culture to create distinctive social work that serves their own people. In the process of carrying out practical activities, there will inevitably be ethical dilemmas caused by cultural differences. In view of such problems, social workers should flexibly use the professional methods of social work, and guide the elderly to gradually become familiar with them according to their actual situation, instead of forcing them to accept professional concepts.

(4) The principle of main clients

The purpose of social work is to help the parties to form their own ability to do things and realize their own values better. In the process of social work practice, the service objects of empty nesters belong to vulnerable groups. In the specific operation process, social workers should correctly locate the center and help the elderly to correctly understand their roles, that is, empty nesters are the main body of activities. Only by adhering to this principle can they fully consider the elderly, give full play to their own values, and gain a sense of attention and joy. In this process, it does not mean that social workers insist on giving good guidance, so that the behavior and attitude of the elderly towards their later years will develop in a good direction, and finally realize the stability of life.

5 concluding remarks

With the rapid development of society, the problem of empty nesters has also become a concern. The intervention of social work in the service of empty nesters plays an important role in better solving the problems encountered by empty nesters. In addition, social workers often face a series of ethical dilemmas in the process of service, which requires social workers to comprehensively improve their social service ability, accurately grasp the basic principles of ethical dilemmas, promote the harmonious development of society, and enhance the quality and demand of services.

refer to

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[2] Kong Na. Ethical Dilemma and Coping Principles of Social Work for the Elderly [M]. Ethical Research, 20 15.3.

[3] Li Qingxin. On China's social work ethics from the perspective of localization [M]. Theory and practice, 20 12.7.

[4] Wang Sujin. Analysis of four or five ethical dilemmas in social work [M] .2011.

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