Decided to closely follow the pulse of the times, conform to the people's expectations, and outline the brilliant prospects of rural reform and development in 2020 with inspirational and pragmatic strokes:
-The rural economic system is more sound, and the system and mechanism for the integration of urban and rural economic and social development are basically established;
-remarkable progress has been made in the construction of modern agriculture, the comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been significantly improved, and the national food security and the supply of major agricultural products have been effectively guaranteed;
-The per capita net income of farmers has doubled compared with 2008, the consumption level has been greatly improved, and absolute poverty has been basically eliminated;
-the construction of rural grassroots organizations has been further strengthened, the villagers' self-government system has been improved, and farmers' democratic rights have been effectively guaranteed;
-the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas has been significantly promoted, rural culture has further prospered, farmers' basic cultural rights and interests have been better implemented, everyone in rural areas has the opportunity to receive a good education, rural basic living security and basic medical and health systems have been improved, and rural social management system has been further improved;
-a resource-saving and environment-friendly agricultural production system has basically taken shape, rural human settlements and ecological environment have been significantly improved, and the capacity for sustainable development has been continuously enhanced. ...
These six basic objectives and tasks cover all aspects of rural economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction, and they are pragmatic, active and steady, inspiring and inspiring.
It is decided to accurately grasp the characteristics and laws of rural work in the new period on the basis of summarizing the practical experience of rural work for many years, and put forward five principles that must be followed in promoting rural reform and development at a new starting point: we must consolidate and strengthen the basic position of agriculture, and always take solving the problem of feeding more than one billion people as the top priority of governing the country and safeguarding the country; It is necessary to effectively protect the rights and interests of farmers, and always take the realization, maintenance and development of the fundamental interests of farmers as the starting point and end result of all rural work; We must constantly liberate and develop rural social productive forces and always regard reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force for rural development; It is necessary to coordinate urban and rural economic and social development, and always take building a new type of relationship between workers and peasants and between urban and rural areas as a major strategy to accelerate modernization; We must persist in the Party's management of rural work, and always regard strengthening and perfecting the Party's leadership over rural work as a political guarantee for promoting rural reform and development.
This is a broad-minded and challenging action plan.
The glorious course of rural reform and development in China in the past 30 years, such as surging tide, gathered between the lines of decision-making. It is decided to use highly concise language to summarize the achievements of rural reform and development from five levels, clarify the important contribution of rural reform and development to the overall cause of the party and the state from four aspects, and summarize five basic experiences accumulated in rural reform and development in the past 30 years.
It is decided to deeply analyze the current international and domestic situation, deeply analyze the stage characteristics of China's current development, and point out the challenges and problems faced by rural reform and development from the aspects of imperfect rural economic system, extensive agricultural development mode, low level of rural social undertakings and public services, and profound changes in rural social interest pattern, highlighting the arduousness and complexity of further promoting rural reform and development.
"The agricultural foundation is still weak and needs to be strengthened most; Rural development is still lagging behind and needs the most support; It is still difficult for farmers to increase their income, and it is most necessary to speed up. " -Deciding to refine the three "most needed" is shocking and alarming.
Accurately grasping the historical position is the premise and foundation of strategic decision-making. On the whole, China has entered the development stage of promoting agriculture by industry and bringing rural areas by cities, entered the critical moment of accelerating the transformation of traditional agriculture and taking the road of agricultural modernization with China characteristics, and entered the important period of breaking the dual structure of urban and rural areas and forming a new pattern of urban and rural economic and social development integration-scientific judgment on "development stage", "critical moment" and "important period". It shows that our party has a profound and thorough understanding and grasp of the basic national conditions in the primary stage of socialism, the stage characteristics of China's current development, the key links and prominent contradictions of China's agricultural and rural farmers, which means that it is more important, urgent and arduous to promote rural reform and development at a new and higher historical starting point.
This is a "road map" full of reform and innovation-
Stabilizing and perfecting the rural basic management system, perfecting the strict and standardized rural land management system, perfecting the agricultural support and protection system, establishing a modern rural financial system, establishing an integrated system to promote urban and rural economic and social development, and improving the rural democratic management system-six systems determine the design, which provides a strong institutional guarantee for rural development.
One "permanence" and two "changes" have pointed out the direction for stabilizing and improving the basic rural management system; Put forward to adhere to the strictest farmland protection system and implement the strictest land-saving system; Clarify the connotation and principle of the transfer of land contractual management right, and clarify the direction and principle requirements for promoting the reform of land acquisition system; From the aspects of improving the agricultural input guarantee system and agricultural subsidy system, new requirements are put forward for improving the agricultural support and protection system; Put forward new measures to innovate the rural financial system from the aspects of policy support and relaxation of access; Make new arrangements for strengthening the protection of migrant workers' rights and interests, promoting the reform of household registration system, and expanding the autonomy of county development ... It is decided to make specific arrangements for the construction of six major systems in accordance with the general requirements of coordinating urban and rural development, which is full of new theories, new ideas, new initiatives and new breakthroughs.
This is a forward-looking, pragmatic and operational work deployment-
The decision puts forward the basic requirements, general ideas and main measures to ensure national food security, and clearly puts forward that we should pay close attention to the implementation of grain strategic projects, promote the construction of national grain core producing areas and reserve producing areas, speed up the implementation of the national plan for building grain production capacity of 100 billion Jin, focus on investment and make overall plans for development by counties, and organize the implementation this year.
It is decided to put forward measures to promote the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure from four aspects, accelerate the innovation of agricultural science and technology from nine aspects, put forward the main direction and policy measures to strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure, establish a new agricultural socialized service system, and make specific arrangements for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture and expanding the opening up of agriculture.
Careful and meticulous policies, eye-catching highlights-
It is decided to make new arrangements for expanding the coverage of public finance in rural areas and developing rural public utilities from eight aspects: prospering rural culture, vigorously running rural education, promoting the development of rural medical and health undertakings, improving rural social security system, strengthening rural infrastructure and environmental construction, promoting rural poverty alleviation and development, strengthening rural disaster prevention and mitigation capacity building, and strengthening rural social management. It is emphasized that farmers should learn to teach, work hard and get sick.
Improve the system and mechanism of the Party leading rural work, strengthen the construction of rural grassroots organizations, strengthen the construction of rural grassroots cadres, strengthen the construction of rural party member teams, and strengthen the construction of rural party style and clean government ... The last part of the decision is concise and full of new ideas. What is more striking is to discuss grain production, increasing farmers' income, farmland protection, environmental governance, harmony and stability as the important contents of assessing the achievements of local leading bodies, especially county (city) leaders.
A beautiful and magnificent blueprint-It is decided to conform to the new expectations of 800 million farmers and launch a series of major measures and arrangements that reflect farmers' voices, satisfy farmers' wishes and represent farmers' interests.
In the golden autumn of 2008, when the fragrance of harvest floated across the land of China again, 800 million farmers looked forward to a beautiful blueprint for their future life.
Can the land in contract relationship be stable? How to transfer the contracted management right of land? Can state subsidies go up a little, can food prices go up a little, and can agricultural product prices be compensated? Can public utilities such as education, medical care and social security develop faster? ..... These practical problems involving the vital interests of hundreds of millions of farmers are not only the hot spots, difficulties and focuses that are generally concerned by today's society, but also the strong desire that the majority of farmers look forward to day and night.
"We must earnestly protect farmers' rights and interests, and always take the realization, maintenance and development of the fundamental interests of the broad masses of farmers as the starting point and the end result of all rural work"-
This important exposition in the decision is not only a major principle that must be followed in promoting rural reform and development at present, but also a guiding ideology that runs through the whole decision. Decided to conform to the new expectations of 800 million farmers and put forward a series of measures and arrangements with high gold content in view of the practical problems that farmers are generally concerned about.
-The only quantitative indicator in the target task:/kloc-Double the per capita net income of farmers in 0/2 years.
The decision proposes that by 2020, the per capita net income of farmers will double that of 2008. This means that after 12 years of hard work, the per capita net income of farmers in China will reach about 8300 yuan after deducting the price factor, and it can reach a higher level after hard work. For farmers who are eager to increase their income, this figure of "real money and silver" is undoubtedly a major positive.
-Innovating the system and mechanism: It not only gives farmers a "reassurance", but also injects new vitality into rural development.
The decision clearly pointed out that the two-tier management system based on household contract management and combining unification and separation is the cornerstone of the party's rural policy and must be unswervingly adhered to; To give farmers more adequate and secure land contractual management rights, the existing land contract relationship should remain stable and unchanged for a long time.
Land is the lifeblood of farmers. The "Decision" clearly answered the issue of the circulation of land contractual management rights that the society is generally concerned about. It is clearly put forward that farmers are allowed to transfer the contracted management right of land in the form of subcontracting, leasing, exchange, transfer and joint-stock cooperation according to the principle of voluntary compensation according to law, and scale business entities such as specialized households, family farms and farmers' professional cooperatives can be developed where conditions permit, and it is clearly stipulated that the transfer of contracted management right of land shall not change the collective ownership of land, change land use or damage farmers' contracted rights.
In recent years, farmers' rights and interests have been damaged from time to time because of illegal acts in land acquisition. The decision emphasizes reforming the land acquisition system, strictly defining public welfare and operational construction land, gradually narrowing the scope of land acquisition and improving the compensation mechanism for land acquisition. Expropriation of rural collective land in accordance with the law, in accordance with the principle of the same price in the same place, timely and full compensation to rural collective organizations and farmers, to solve the employment, housing and social security of landless farmers.
-the difference between words: nuances convey strong policy signals.
Careful people noticed that the decision emphasized the need to consolidate and improve the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers. Compared with the previous "policy of supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers", the subtle adjustment has made people see the policy orientation of the central government to further increase its support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers.
The annual subsidy for grain-rich farmers is expected to increase by a large margin-it is decided to make clear the requirements, improve the agricultural subsidy system, expand the scope, raise standards and improve methods, especially to support the increase of grain income and increase farmers' grain subsidies by a large margin year by year.
The burden brought to farmers by the rising prices of agricultural materials is expected to be compensated-it is decided to improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials linked to the rising prices of agricultural means of production.
The phenomenon of "cheap grain hurts farmers" is expected to be alleviated. We decided to deploy and improve the agricultural product price protection system, improve the agricultural product market regulation system, steadily increase the minimum purchase price of grain, and take effective measures to maintain a reasonable level of agricultural product prices.
Farmers' difficulty in obtaining loans and the "blood loss" of rural finance are expected to be improved. Decided to put forward two practical measures. First, tilt policy support, comprehensively use fiscal and taxation levers and monetary policy tools, guide more credit funds and social funds to invest in rural areas, and clearly put forward that new deposits absorbed by banking financial institutions within the county are mainly used for local loans; Second, in terms of relaxing access, under the premise of strengthening supervision and speeding up the construction of rural credit system, we should standardize the development of various forms of regional small and medium-sized banks, vigorously develop microfinance, encourage the development of various microfinance services suitable for rural characteristics and needs, and allow qualified farmers' professional cooperatives to carry out credit cooperation. These measures will undoubtedly inject fresh blood into rural economic development.
Hundreds of millions of migrant workers are expected to live a more comfortable life-it is decided to put special emphasis on strengthening the protection of migrant workers' rights and interests, and gradually realize that migrant workers enjoy the same treatment as urban residents in terms of labor remuneration, children's schooling, public health, housing rent and purchase, and at the same time relax the conditions for settlement in small and medium-sized cities, so that farmers with stable employment and residence in cities and towns can be transformed into urban residents in an orderly manner.
Love makes the people think more, and there are good strategies to take care of the people.
-Establish a stable rural cultural investment guarantee mechanism and form a complete rural public cultural service system as soon as possible.
-Improve the policy of free compulsory education and the funding guarantee mechanism, accelerate the popularization of rural high school education, focus on accelerating the development of rural secondary vocational education, and gradually implement free education.
-Consolidate and develop the new rural cooperative medical system, and improve the standard of financing and the level of financial subsidies; Focus on running county-level hospitals and running a health center in each township; Expand the scope of free public health services and free immunization in rural areas.
-Improve the rural minimum living security system, increase financial subsidies at the central and provincial levels, ensure that all the insurance should be guaranteed, and constantly improve the security standards and subsidy standards.
-Solve the problem of drinking water safety in rural areas within five years, and ensure that by the end of the 11th Five-Year Plan, oil (cement) roads will be basically realized in towns and villages, and then oil (cement) roads will be generally realized in administrative villages.
-Implementing new poverty alleviation standards and comprehensively implementing poverty alleviation policies for low-income people in rural areas. More than 28 million farmers will receive stronger support.
-gradually realize the election of deputies to the National People's Congress in urban and rural areas according to the same population ratio, and expand the proportion of farmers among the deputies to the county and township people's congresses. ...
Specific policies cover all fields of economy, politics, culture and social construction, bringing new hope to hundreds of millions of farmers.
Looking back 30 years ago, the great ship of reform first broke the ice from the countryside;
Throughout the past 30 years, historic changes have taken place in the vast rural areas.
Looking forward to the future, we can fully believe that with the implementation of the decision of the Third Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the vast rural areas in China will surely have more magnificent development and the vast farmers will surely usher in a better tomorrow. (Reporter Zhang Sutang, Sun, Chen Erhou,) The question is simple! ! No challenge! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !