Application of Power Dispatching System —— Application of Real-time Power Dispatching System in Power Technology
China's real-time power dispatching technology makes use of advanced technologies such as digitalization, visualization, networking, object database technology, digitalization and platform technology, but there is still a broader development space for dispatching technology. At present, the power dispatching automation system is gradually maturing, which points out the direction for the whole power dispatching.
Keywords: electric power system; Real-time power dispatching; Analytical application
At present, electricity has gradually become a very important facility in every family life. Therefore, in the power system, transmission and related security issues have a very important impact on people's daily lives. Usually, power dispatching is the core content of power grid and plays an important role in the whole power system. However, as far as China's current situation is concerned, there are still many unstable factors in China's power dispatching, so it is very necessary to analyze the application of power dispatching in the safe operation of power system.
1 power system security analysis
The electric power production system consists of three parts: a human subsystem consisting of operators and managers engaged in production activities, a machine subsystem consisting of material conditions such as machinery, equipment and workshops necessary for production, and an environmental subsystem consisting of the environment in which production activities are located. These three systems restrict and interact with each other, which makes the whole production system in a certain state. Man-machine environment? System. In the production stage of power system, in order to ensure its safe production, it is necessary to seriously analyze and discuss the hidden dangers of human subsystem, machine subsystem and environment subsystem in power system, solve the safety problems in the production stage of power safety at the first time, scientifically and reasonably organize the power safety dispatching management, and maintain the stable operation and good power supply quality of power system.
1. 1 Problems in Personnel Subsystem
At present, in the human subsystem, the main problem is due to the problems of personnel in the system, including the following aspects: ① The staff have no awareness of safe operation, or careless mistakes in handling complex operations have caused subsystem failures, which have seriously affected the overall stability and power supply quality. (2) The management system in the power production stage is not perfect, and there is not enough management power or management means, which leads to internal power stealing among the staff and seriously affects the stability and quality of the power supply network. (3) External human factors, such as criminals stealing electricity or using electrical equipment, have caused power supply problems.
1.2 problems in the machine subsystem
For the machine subsystem, the key problem appears in the 10kV distribution network which is widely used in China. Specifically, it can be summarized as the following two points: ① Insufficient technical ability. Although the technology of 10kV distribution network is relatively mature, there are still some defects in the equipment technology. The main problems are as follows: a. The distribution network planning does not closely combine the environmental characteristics and the distribution of power points in various regions, and the on-the-spot investigation of 10kV distribution network planning is not detailed, which leads to the serious unsynchronized matching with power points. B. the power station construction is not well considered and the quality is not high. In the specific construction process, the management of power grid architecture and wiring direction is too lax, which leads to problems such as unqualified layout quality, unstable architecture and long wiring, which further increases the power supply cost. (2) the operating equipment maintenance system is not enough. The working environment of 10kV power grid lines is open-air, which can be summarized as mainly influenced by the following two factors: a. External factors: natural environment and weather factors will affect open-air electrical equipment, causing problems such as grid line damage, phase loss, short circuit and tripping, thus affecting the stability of the whole network. B. Operation cycle of equipment: During power supply operation, it is necessary to arrange time for regular inspection and maintenance of electrical equipment to prevent the equipment from aging due to long-term use and failure.
Problems in 1.3 environment subsystem
The main environment of 10kV distribution network is open air, so the environmental impact is also a particularly important aspect: ① temperature factor: when the temperature is too high, the cable expands and sags, resulting in short circuit to ground; When the temperature is low, the cable shortening will lead to the continuous increase of tension at both ends of the cable, and long-term operation will lead to the cable breaking. ② Climatic factors: rainstorm and lightning strike are likely to cause harm to power supply lines. For example, lightning is easy to produce strong electromagnetic reaction with distribution equipment, and then destroy local lines of power grid. ③ Man-made influence: construction of surrounding environment of distribution lines. During the construction process, some large-scale equipment and machinery collided with the distribution network, causing equipment damage; Criminals have low comprehensive quality and steal the wires of distribution network; Improper placement of trees, illegal buildings and iron towers will also affect the operation of the power grid.
2 Main applications of real-time power dispatching system
The design of power real-time dispatching technical support system draws lessons from advanced technologies and achievements in related fields at home and abroad, adopts integrated and standardized design ideas and service-oriented architecture, and develops efficient dynamic message bus, simple service bus, workflow mechanism and flexible man-machine interface support technology, which provides integrated technical support for real-time monitoring and early warning, dispatching planning, safety inspection and dispatching management of the system. Breakthrough progress has been made in comprehensive intelligent analysis and alarm of power grid operation, stability analysis and evaluation of large power grid, core algorithm of dispatching plan application, integration of regulation technology and visualization technology, etc., which has comprehensively improved the ability of power grid dispatching to control large power grid and ensured the safe, stable, high-quality and economic operation of power grid. It is understood that according to the needs of smart grid dispatching operation, State Grid National Dispatching Center has organized outstanding technical personnel from China Electric Power Research Institute and State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, and formulated a series of construction standards and functional specifications for power real-time dispatching technical support system. On the basis of CC2000A (China Electric Power Research Institute) and OPEN3000 (State Grid Electric Power Research Institute) which are widely used in China, an integrated platform D5000 for real-time power dispatching technical support system based on domestic operating system, database, server, workstation and safety protection equipment is developed. D5000 is the basic platform of a new generation of real-time power dispatching technical support system, which is suitable for State Grid Corporation? Great escape? Have the requirements of the five-level dispatching control system in the system been realized? Remote access, alarm direct transmission, horizontal penetration, vertical management? The function of. D-5000 adopts advanced software development technology and has the advantages of standardization, openness, reliability, security and adaptability. Directly bearing the four platforms of real-time monitoring and early warning, dispatching planning, safety inspection and dispatching management is of great and far-reaching significance for improving the dispatching operation level of power grid, speeding up the operation speed of dispatching institutions and improving the lean management of dispatching business.
3 effective strategies to strengthen real-time power dispatching management
3. 1 Strengthen personnel training and improve the management level of power dispatching.
In order to effectively improve the management level of real-time power dispatching, power enterprises must strengthen the training of employees, formulate reasonable training plans according to the technical level and work requirements, and regularly train relevant personnel, so as to effectively improve the professional level and management ability of employees and ensure the smooth development of automation management. In the process of training, electric power enterprises should not only strengthen theoretical education, but also strengthen practical operation ability, organically combine theory with practice, and improve the actual combat ability of employees. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the quality education of staff and improve their sense of responsibility, so that they not only have a high technical level, but also have a rigorous work attitude to avoid the influence of human factors on the smooth development of real-time power dispatching management.
3.2 Comprehensive analysis of the safety of power system, strengthen the management of safe operation.
The safe operation of power system is an important guarantee factor that affects the normal electricity consumption of residents and the normal production of enterprises. Therefore, power dispatching must strengthen the management of safe operation. Through the automatic management system, the safety of the power system is effectively analyzed, the overall safe operation range of the power system is determined, the operation of the power system is simulated by computer technology, the operating environment of the power system is virtually demonstrated, and related accidents are assumed. At the same time, some problems in the simulation are carefully analyzed, and the probability of unsafe factors is calculated for these problems, and the solutions and measures are formulated. In this way, the safe operation plan is made in advance, and the related problems are well prevented and solved, thus reducing the operation risk, effectively coping with possible safety problems, maintaining the normal supply of electric energy and ensuring the normal use of electricity in enterprise production and people's lives.
3.3 Strengthen the supervision of power system and actively improve the operating environment of the system.
First of all, we should do a good job in the installation of relevant management equipment to ensure the effective development of supervision and testing. For example, install fireworks alarm equipment, install video monitoring equipment, install temperature detection equipment and so on. As an important part of automation management, these devices play a vital role in real-time power dispatching management. In the process of real-time management of power dispatching, it is necessary to ensure the normal operation of these related management equipment in order to effectively monitor the operation state of power dispatching and reduce the operation risk of power system. Power dispatching should strengthen power system supervision, collect and process relevant information well, and ensure the accuracy and timeliness of information data. At the same time, we must carefully analyze the relevant data and report the problems in time in order to solve them quickly. In addition, power dispatchers should constantly improve their management awareness and work standardization to ensure the normal development of automation management. In the process of daily dispatching automation management, the staff should check the running status of the automation management system every day, pay close attention to the temperature and humidity changes in the computer room, master the overall health status of the equipment, and make relevant records. In the actual work process, the work area and rest area should be isolated as far as possible to avoid man-machine mixing, actively improve the system operating environment and ensure the normal operation of the system.
4 conclusion
As a data processing and monitoring system, real-time power dispatching is a dynamic automation system with real-time, safety and reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the research on it in order to take practical and effective measures to ensure the safety of system operation and make the power system provide more stable, reliable and high-quality electric energy.
References:
[1] Dong. Discussion on how to do a good job of power dispatching in power grid operation [J]. China New Technology and New Products, 20 12 (3): 253.
Ma Qiang, Jing Ming, Yan Feng, et al. Standardized design and implementation of integrated data platform for power dispatching [J]. Power automation equipment, 2011(1):130 ~134.
Chen Qixin, Kang Chongqing, et al. Low-carbon power dispatching mode and its decision-making model [J]. Power system automation, 20 10 (12): 23 ~ 28.
Discussion on the Application of Power Dispatching System (Ⅱ) "Research on the Security and Realization of Power Dispatching Automation Network"
Based on the analysis of the current situation of network security in electric power dispatching automation system, in view of the existing problems, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for network security, so as to promote the application of network security technology in electric power dispatching automation system.
Keywords: power dispatching automation; Network security; Countermeasure research
introduce
With the continuous development of China's power industry, the scale of the national power network is constantly improving, the application of computer network technology in the power field has made great progress, and the requirements for the level of power dispatching automation are also constantly improving. In the automatic management of power dispatching, the collection, exchange, analysis and integration of information and data mainly rely on computer network security technology, so network security technology plays a vital role. Network security has been widely concerned by people. Once electric power enterprises are attacked by network security, it will directly affect the interests of enterprises and social economy. Therefore, how to realize the network security of power dispatching automation has become the focus of technical personnel.
1 network security status
The system structure of 1. 1 is chaotic.
China's power industry started late, but it developed rapidly, and the power transmission automation system was updated quickly. In the daily management of power enterprises, it is often impossible to upgrade the power transmission automation system in time and effectively, which leads to the confusion of power transmission system and the lack of effective planning and management. In the process of scheduling, enterprises fail to carry out security synchronization construction according to the system architecture, such as account password setting and authorized access setting, which will lead to loopholes in the network structure [1].
1.2 incomplete management
The network security of power dispatching automation needs professional and technical personnel to maintain and manage the system in time. According to the survey, at present, most electric power enterprises have inadequate network security management, as shown in the following figure. 1) The technicians have low management level and weak safety awareness, and failed to update their professional skills in time. 2) Man-made operation loopholes, due to the low safety awareness of some staff, will cause problems such as identity information leakage and unintentional loss of system information, which will lead to the phenomenon of missing items in the system and cause serious security risks. 3) Security supervision is not timely, and there is no effective protection for the network, which gives hackers and criminals an opportunity.
1.3 physical security risks
There are two main physical security risks. 1) Natural factors, that is, the security risks caused by objective natural reasons, are one of the main reasons for the security risks of power dispatching. Natural factors mainly include natural disasters, such as flash floods, typhoons and lightning strikes. , and environmental influences, such as static electricity and electromagnetic interference, will destroy the data, lines and equipment of the electric power dispatching automation system, resulting in the system being unable to communicate normally. 2) Man-made reasons, mainly including the theft of information systems and the damage of equipment lines, will directly affect power dispatching and monitoring, and bring direct security risks and economic losses to power enterprises.
2 network security implementation
2. 1 network architecture
The construction of network architecture is the first step to realize network security. In order to ensure the consistency of the network security system, it is necessary to understand the functions and components of each part of the power dispatching automation system at the initial stage of network architecture construction.
2. 1. 1 physical layer
The realization of physical layer security is the premise of network architecture. 1) The environmental safety is based on the national standard GB50 173-93 Code for Design of Computer Rooms. The floor of the computer room should be antistatic, with the relative humidity 10% ~ 75%, the ambient temperature 15℃ ~ 30℃ and the atmospheric pressure of 80 kPa ~. 2) Equipment safety: firstly, the equipment itself is safe, with high-power delayed power supply, and the cabinets are standard and the servers are redundant; The second is to set up security cameras in the computer room to monitor the computer room in an all-round way to prevent man-made damage to equipment. 3) The transmission medium is safe, and the power system is affected by its own factors, especially the centralized control station, which has serious electromagnetic interference, so it is necessary to use shielded twisted pair to prevent near-end crosstalk and return loss [2].
2. 1.2 system layer
Network security depends largely on the security of the host system, which is determined by the operating system. Because most of the operating system technology is mastered by foreign developed countries, and the source of the program is not public, there are still many loopholes in the security mechanism, which is easy to be attacked by computer hackers. At present, China's power dispatching automation system mainly adopts Windows and Unix operating systems, among which Unix system is stronger than Windows system in security. The security of Unix system can be controlled from the following aspects: console security, password security and network file system security. The security realization of Win-dows system includes: selecting NTFS format partition, patching loopholes, installing antivirus software and strengthening password management.
2. 1.3 network layer
The realization of network layer security is the basis of power dispatching automation system, and the network layer structure mainly includes the following points. 1) network topology, mainly considering redundant links, and double-network structure is adopted for dispatching above prefecture level (as shown in figure 1). 2) Network segmentation is one of the important measures to ensure network security, aiming at isolating illegal users from sensitive network resources and preventing illegal interception. 3) Routers and switches are secure. Once they are attacked, the whole network system will be paralyzed. Routers and switches mainly rely on the ios operating system, so the vulnerabilities of the ios system should be fixed in time [3].
2.2 firewall technology
Firewall technology is the basis of providing information security, and its essence is limiter, which can limit the interaction between the protected network and the external network and effectively control the information and data conversion between the internal network and the external network, thus ensuring the security of the internal network (as shown in Figure 2). The traditional firewall technology mainly includes packet filtering technology, application proxy and state monitoring, and most of the firewall technologies currently used are extended from these three technologies. Firewalls can be divided into hardware firewalls and software firewalls according to their physical properties. The technical point of hardware firewall is to connect the network system with the internal service equipment and external network to form a link device, such as DF-FW series firewall. The application of firewall in power dispatching automation system has two main advantages. 1) facilitates the scheduling of the upper and lower levels of the system, and can effectively undertake the data information sent by the lower levels, and send it to the upper level after security processing. 2) The service equipment located in the MIS website can access the server, but the web server can reject the MIS server. Because there are differences between the two firewalls, the functions and equipment will be different. Different power dispatching enterprises can choose the corresponding firewall according to the actual situation [4].
2.3 Safety management
2.3. 1
Software management has improved the professional level of software operation and maintenance of operators, improved their awareness of network security, constantly updated their professional skills, and carried out efficient and high-standard operations. When software operators need to leave the operating system temporarily, they should pay attention to canceling the operating account and strengthen the information authentication of the software system to ensure the security of the software. In recent years, software security management has gradually begun to use methods such as punching cards and fingerprint identification for identity authentication, and achieved certain results.
2.3.2 information data backup
Due to environmental factors or human factors, risks such as information data loss and network loopholes are inevitable, so it is necessary to back up information data on the network. When the software system is damaged for unknown reasons, it can be made up by data backup, which can protect the intranet. The establishment of network backup management can effectively avoid the information loss caused by the time limit of information storage in power dispatching automation system and improve the level of data information management.
2.3.3 Install antivirus software.
Computer viruses have been threatening network security for a long time. With the increase of technology and criminals, computer network viruses are becoming more and more rampant. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out anti-virus treatment on the system regularly, which can not only control the automation network reasonably, but also clean up and kill the virus in time, improve the network security and ensure that the system can resist external virus attacks [5].
3 Conclusion
The network security of power dispatching automation plays a vital role in the development of power industry. The improvement of security technology is not a one-off event, but requires technicians to strengthen their professional skills and safety awareness, constantly improve security protection systems and software through daily management and operation, improve network security, and ensure the safety of information and data.
refer to
[1] malei. Analysis of network security in power dispatching automation [J]. Science and Technology and Enterprise, 20 14, 13 (4): 76.
[2] Jiang Hongyan. Thoughts on the security of electric power dispatching automation network [J]. Wireless Internet Technology, 20 14, 17 (12): 58.
Zou Xiaojie, Chang Zhanxin. Research on Security and Reality of Power Dispatching Automation Network [J]. Electronic Manufacturing, 2014,21(24):112.
Zhang Qiang. On the network security construction of power dispatching automation system [J]. Electronic Technology and Software Engineering, 20 15,11(10): 216.
[5] Huang Fen. On the network security risk of electric power dispatching automation system and its prevention [J]. Information and Computer (Theoretical Edition), 201,1(1): 20-21.
Recommendation of papers on application of power dispatching system;
1. Power dispatching automation paper
2. Power dispatching automation thesis
3. Model essay on graduation thesis of electric power technology
4. Talking about power safety management papers
5. Talking about the theme of power quality service