Steps and methods of college students' career planning Steps and methods of college students' career planning Emphasis-Basic steps of personal career planning, determination of career goals, determination of ambition, self-evaluation, self-evaluation of career opportunities, determination of career goals, evaluation and feedback of action plans, selection of career and career path-The key to career design is the starting point of life, which reflects a person's ambition, mind, ideals and values. What do you pursue? What do you pursue? What can bring you inner satisfaction? Are you satisfied with yourself? Are you working towards your dream? Jing's ideals and efforts? The confusion of goals once, when I was talking about career planning, I asked a student, "What will you be like in three years?" Imagine what you had. "The answer is:" I have a famous car! "That is to say, you will earn at least 300 yuan every year after three years." So what state are you in now? "-"I must earn 500 thousand a year now! "How much is it worth?" -"300" So, what is your annual salary after two years? "-"The confusion of the 200 goals is that students don't know their own reality, that is, students don't know themselves and the environment (society), which requires self-assessment and social (environment) assessment! Open cake shops, clothing stores, coffee shops and engage in amateur literary creation. In terms of objective self-knowledge, we need to know at least the following five aspects: 1, what do you like-professional interest; 2. What can you do-professional skills; 3. What is suitable-personal characteristics; Advantages and disadvantages. What is the most important-professional values; 5, whether people and posts match-competency characteristics. Evaluation methods: self-evaluation, other evaluations, scientific tests, often introspection and forgetting, so introspection. So there is no practical action to improve and enhance the career. No matter what it is, you must set a goal first, otherwise you will be motivated, otherwise you will only accomplish nothing. To tell the truth, I really don't know what career I should be engaged in in in the future, and I don't know what skills I should have. Although I am a freshman, I don't even know what my major is, except pharmacy. What did I do when I found out I didn't like this major, but what should I like? I don't know, but I also want to know. I find that I don't like studying more and more. Seeing the words in the book makes me dizzy. I want to sleep. I don't like doing my usual homework. I always crustily skin of head to borrow my classmates at the last minute, which makes everyone very unhappy. 10 self-evaluation: students' speaking ability is different from knowledge and skills, but is formed and developed in the process of mastering knowledge and acquiring skills. Compared with my brothers and sisters, all the capital I use is that I have more time left in college life and more opportunities to learn and improve. I believe that many disadvantages will become advantages under my efforts, which will bring me closer to my dream disadvantages: I come to Guangzhou Pharmaceutical, and few people do research on Guangzhou Pharmaceutical. The second is bad mind. Advantages: don't be confused, don't degenerate, and evaluate yourself 1 1. My classmates say that I am quiet, don't want to offend people, and don't like flattery. This character determines that I am inclined to start a business. Opening a bakery likes pharmacy very much, because it can stay in the laboratory and do experiments. What new things will be produced by adding substance A and substance B? Is it substance C? Why, why, why? I like this kind of thing, which is very interesting, but sometimes I feel bored, because every time I try it, I find the dose from the book. Doing experiments is like doing something with known results. What the teacher says is often right and boring. Self-evaluation: self-knowledge, professional ability evaluation, professional goals, advantages and disadvantages of achieving professional goals: professional values, temperament, personality, interest, ability, professional goals, summary 12: I am considering whether I can find a well-paid job, based on my own personality characteristics, I am realistic and willing to enjoy it, but enjoyment is based on self-struggle. It is also the principle of my life: self-reliance and self-improvement. Civil servant: What my parents want doesn't mean me. I'm still young, and my life needs excitement. I can have the goal of working hard. Companies or foreign companies can really exercise themselves. Although I say anywhere is good, there is one thing I don't like. I'm so curious. Although it is indispensable everywhere, the company is particularly serious. I don't have enough brains to compete with others, and I will suffer. This is my second choice of scientific research: I like what I want to do best at present. People with S-type personality are born with all kinds of circuitous ideas, which can provide inspiration for scientific research. Secondly, my brain is flexible and easy to master advanced technology and knowledge. Finally, and most importantly, I can devote myself to one thing, concentrate, be serious and persist, and finally I will succeed. I like the feeling of success. Conclusion: Scientific research is most suitable for one of my classmates' self-analysis:133 The evaluation of career opportunities includes the evaluation of long-term opportunities and short-term opportunities. Through the analysis of the social environment, combined with my specific situation, evaluate what long-term development opportunities there are; Evaluate the short-term development opportunities in the organization through the analysis of the organizational environment. Career and career development goals can be determined through the evaluation of career opportunities. The process of a college student's four years in college is also a process of "product" forming, which must meet the needs of the market! 14 social environment analysis: macro environment (politics, economy, culture), employment situation, employment policy, competitors and other industries (such as the current situation and development trend of XX industry, occupation matching analysis), occupation analysis (such as the job content, job requirements and development prospects of XX occupation, matching analysis of people and posts) and enterprise analysis (such as the type of XX unit, enterprise culture, development prospects and development stages) Regional analysis (such as development prospects, cultural characteristics, climate, soil and water, interpersonal relationships, etc.). XX work city, people and city matching analysis) 15 want to know what career development opportunities you have? Please fill in the following table: advantages: advantages: disadvantages: disadvantages: opportunities: opportunities: threats: 16 strength advantages 1. What are you good at? 2. What are the new skills? 3. What can you do that others can't? 4. What's the difference with others? 5. What made you successful recently? 6. What field suits me? Weaknesses and shortcomings 1. What can't I do? 2. What skills are missing? 3. Where are others better than me? 4. What areas of study can't be satisfied? 5. Why did you fail recently? Opportunity 1. What opportunities are there for me in this field? 2. What skills can I learn? 3. What new skills can be provided? 4. What new customers can you attract? 5. How can I be different? 6.5- 10 years of development? Threat threat 1. What's changed recently? 2. What are the competitors doing recently? 3. can't keep up with the changes in the needs of the learning field? 4. Does the change of environment affect the learning situation? What will threaten the learning situation? Analysis of career target environment: Students said that pharmacies are everywhere now, and the competition is too great (the data shows that there are120,000 teachers in China at present, with a demand of 400,000). However, I don't want to pursue further studies. Maybe going out for a few years is better than studying for a doctor. Is there any other way? If I want to be a university teacher, what preparations should I make now? Like our counselor, can you stay and teach? What are the requirements? 18 44 can my career choice help me achieve my ultimate goal in life? Is there a way to keep my present career in line with my basic goals in life? 19 which direction does the analysis process want to develop? Which direction can it develop? What is the ideal value? What is the achievement motivation? Interest? Intelligence? Skills? Emotional intelligence? Major? Professional organizational environment? Social environment? Economic and political environment? Your own life goals? Analyze your strengths and weaknesses? Challenges and opportunities? Goal orientation? Ability orientation? Opportunity orientation? Comprehensive analysis of your career path to determine the technical requirements of 20 self-employed administrative majors requires professional technical knowledge and ability, and requires strong analytical skills. Pursuing career promotion and achievement, I like to think independently, be good at dealing with people, be good at thinking from a macro perspective and be more rational. Pursuing rights, influencing others, controlling others' strong desire for creation and achievement, being able to bear great psychological pressure and take risks, being good at exploring new fields and developing new products, the career route is the path one chooses to achieve career goals and career ideals after choosing a career. 2 1 career route: my classmates said that after graduation, I would go to the food and drug administration or a pharmaceutical company to be a technical talent. I went to the Food and Drug Administration to accumulate contacts, and then went to a pharmaceutical company as a technical consultant. When I mature, I will run a pharmaceutical factory myself, and then develop into an enterprise, forming a monopoly and a group integrating operation and production. (All the above are boastful after college) Engaged in pharmaceutical sales industry (agents or pharmacies) or quality inspection and monitoring after graduation; 2-3 years, postgraduate entrance examination or pharmacist examination; My goal of working in pharmacy for 3-5 years after graduation is to own my own pharmaceutical factory. This goal may be far away for me in four years, but I can spend 10 or even 20 years to complete it and exercise in the medical sales position at the grassroots level. When selling drugs to customers, salespeople should explain the use and function of drugs to customers as much as possible, be responsible for each customer, realize their own value and serve the people. For career planning, the most important thing is the direction, which is the goal! Goal selection: determine what kind of person you want to be! ! Successful people in the future must have a strong sense of purpose! The only difference between successful people and unsuccessful people is that successful people can modify their methods countless times and never give up their goals easily. On the contrary, unsuccessful people always modify their goals, that is, they don't change their methods! The determination of career goals includes the determination of life goals, long-term goals, medium-term goals and short-term goals, which correspond to life planning, long-term planning, medium-term planning and short-term planning respectively. Generally speaking, one should first determine one's life goals and long-term goals according to one's specialty, personality, temperament and values and the development trend of society, and then distinguish between them. According to personal experience and organizational environment, formulate corresponding medium-term goals and short-term goals (three to five-year goals for universities, ten-year goals, 2627 1 1, freshman: exploration period, freshman: exploration period [[stage goals]] Career cognition and planning [[implementation plan]]: 1. First, the role change (mentality) second. Preliminary design 2. Preliminary design 3. Interpersonal relationship three. Interpersonal relationship four. Professional study iv. Professional research. Sophomore: orientation period, sophomore: orientation period [[stage goal]] Initially determine the graduation direction and corresponding ability, as well as the cultivation of corresponding ability and quality [[implementation plan] ]: 1. Cultivate interests and values. Cultivate interests and values. Join a school club. Join a school club. Part-time, computer and foreign language skills. Part-time, computer and foreign language skills. Universities had better learn to use Sina Weibo 30 33 excerpt to select the third year of university: preparation period: preparation period [[stage goal]] to master job-hunting skills and do it for choosing a job. Master the skills of job hunting and prepare for it. [[Implementation Plan ]]: 1. Professional skills 1. Professional skills ii. Understand employment (information search, job hunting skills) II. Understand employment (information search, job hunting skills) 3. Postgraduate entrance examination, going abroad 3. Postgraduate entrance examination, going abroad 3 1 44, senior year: sprint period, senior year: sprint period [[stage goal: successful employment [[implementation plan]]::1 Job application 1. Job application 2. Graduation thesis II. Graduation thesis 3. Interview three. Interview 4. Employment. Career goals should be combined with life goals. "Aim high"-the current action should be based on reality and have lofty and lofty aspirations. Ambitious goals can play an inspiring role. If the goal is limited to the existing capabilities, it can be easily achieved, and the result will only make people fall into a state of retreat and passive defense. If the goal is too high, aim high and the goal will lose its meaning. The goal is not ideal, not hope, but concrete. Goals point to ideals. Want to be a management expert-management involves many fields, one's energy is limited, and the goal is too broad and unrealistic. Want to be an expert in enterprise strategic management or brand management-the narrower the professional orientation, the more likely it is to be achieved through hard work. The classmate said: I hope to engage in pharmaceutical affairs management in the future. When a market or marketing management becomes my short-term goal, 35 short-term goals are the guarantee of long-term goals. In career development, through the achievement of short-term goals, you can experience the sense of accomplishment and fun of achieving goals, and motivate yourself to move forward to higher goals in order to achieve greater achievements. For example, what major to major in, what year to go to, what knowledge to learn and what degree to learn should be clear and specific. There are not only clear business development goals, but also "degree" requirements such as further study goals, ideological goals, economic benefits goals and physical health goals-first, time; Second, height and depth. Career goals should be combined with life goals. Life is determined to create a career, and the material foundation is essential. Without a certain material foundation, it is difficult to develop the cause. Therefore, the issue of personal income should be properly practiced. Methods: According to the need and actual ability, it was expressed by numbers. The general and abstract concept of money will only lead to poverty. Now that you have the opportunity to receive higher education, it is the best time to make a good career plan and lay a good career foundation during this period. Necessary conditions for successful development: self-reliance, individual initiative, imagination, willpower, enthusiasm, self-discipline and all-out spirit and attitude. Other advantages: professional execution, budget, time and money, alertness to opportunities, determination to cooperate, confidence in success 39 66 Goethe:: Knowledge is not enough, we must use it; Wishing is not enough, we must act. Action: concrete measures to achieve the goal. Mainly includes: work, training and education measures. For example, in order to achieve the goal of getting an ideal job, what methods do you take to improve your employment competitiveness? Due to the great changes in the social environment and the existence of some uncertain factors, we will deviate from the original career goals and plans, so it is necessary to evaluate the career goals and plans and make appropriate adjustments. (Dynamic) Modification: career re-selection, career path selection, life goal modification, implementation measures and plan changes 4 1 Career design is a cycle-by-cycle career design process! ! Process! ! 42 Career Planning Book Reference Format Reference Format 43 Cover Table 4, Career Analysis III, Career Orientation 1, SWOT Analysis III, Establishing Career Route IV, Plan Implementation 1, Short-term Plan II, Initial Plan III, Medium-term Plan IV, Long-term Plan V, Evaluation and Adjustment 1, Alternatives: 2, Evaluation and Adjustment VI. Reference 8. Postscript 44 Expectations for college students When they leave college, they will become potential, thoughtful, valuable and promising people.