Abstracts of papers are also called abstracts and executive summaries. It is a short article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the literature, without comments or supplementary explanations. Its basic elements include research objectives, methods, results and conclusions. Specifically, it is the main object and scope of research work, the means and methods adopted, the achievements and important conclusions obtained, and sometimes other important information with intelligence value. It should be self-evident and have the same amount of information as the literature, that is, you can get the necessary information without reading the full text.
The outline of the paper is an important part of the paper and the concrete embodiment of the author's conception. It is convenient for the author to organize the materials in an orderly way and expand the argument.
A good outline can grasp the basic skeleton of the whole paper and make the structure of the paper complete and unified; Be able to distinguish levels, clarify key points, carefully plan the layout of articles, and make the general argument and sub-arguments organically unified; It can also arrange, organize and use information according to the requirements of each part, decide on the choice and give full play to the role of information.