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Papers on variable organizational behavior
This table is the basic framework we use to build organizational behavior. The model points out that organizational behavior has three kinds of variables-input, process and output, and three levels of analysis-individual, group and organization. It can also be seen from this model that from left to right, input leads to process, process leads to output, and output may also affect future input. [1] To analyze three specific variables, the input content is generally variables that can cause subsequent processes at the individual level, the group level and the organization level. The role of these variables determines what will happen to the organization next. For example, the diversified characteristics, personality and values at the individual level are all shaped by individual genetic inheritance and childhood environment, which determines an individual's behavior. At the group level, most of the group structure, group roles and team responsibilities are usually formed immediately before and after the formation of the group, which is a goal of the group; Through years of development and change, the organization has adapted to the relative environment, established customs and norms, and finally formed the corresponding organizational structure and culture, as shown in the company's forward goal. These input information is a variable information of employees themselves, which promotes the process. Process is equivalent to information nouns in organizational behavior, and process is equivalent to verbs. Process refers to the activities that individuals, groups and organizations participate in, which are caused by input and eventually bring some output. In the process of individual level, different individuals have different behavior processes, such as mood and emotion, motivation, perception and decision-making, which are influenced by personal environment and social environment. At the group level, the process includes communication, leadership, power and politics, as well as politics and negotiation, which is also due to the convergence and evolution of multiple individual processes; The final organizational level is due to the convergence and evolution of groups, and the process includes human resources and reform practice. Special output. While explaining or predicting key variables, it is also influenced by other variables, which can also be regarded as a result. At the individual level, the results include attitude and pressure, task performance, citizenship behavior and withdrawal behavior, all of which are the results of variable * * * in the input process. For example, the job performance of enterprise employees is determined by personal factors such as ability. Cohesion and effectiveness are dependent variables and the result of group level. For example, group outdoor exploration increases cohesion and makes group goals more consistent. At the organizational level, we finally get profitability and living conditions, so the result is two dependent variables: productivity and life. As a result, individuals rise to groups, organize and summarize themselves and their achievements, which determines the company's business ability. At the same time, after knowing these results, we will screen a new round of input according to specific needs and changes. For example, in an enterprise, when the output level of the results is high, the organization can maintain and the input variables will be more experienced; When the output level of the results is low, the organization can be changed, and the standards can be exchanged when inputting variables. Such a complete organizational behavior model will make the company run towards high performance cycle. This is also the basic mode of organizational behavior operation. As a whole, it is analyzed in three levels. At the individual level, it mainly studies the influence of personality characteristics, perception, values, grandchildren and ability on individual behavior, and pays more attention to micro-management such as matching a small number of major projects; At the group level, it mainly studies how communication style, leadership style, power and politics, inter-group relationship and conflict level affect individual and group behaviors, such as cross-cultural cooperation. The research at the organizational level mainly focuses on the influence of the sum of formal organization, technology and workflow, organizational culture and work stress level on individual, group and organizational behavior, such as the overall operation of a company [2]. Their levels are different, and they are closely related. At the same time, these three levels of analysis are like bricks used in architecture. Each layer is based on the previous layer, and the individual → group → organization system is a progressive relationship. With the development from the individual level to the organizational system level, the understanding of organizational behavior is becoming more and more systematic, and with the progress, the relationship is becoming more and more complicated. The concept of group is developed on the basis of individual behavior. When discussing individual and group behavior, it supplements the limitations of organizational structure, with the aim of finally reaching the level of organizational behavior.