First, the six-step method to solve the drawing problem
The first step is drawing. After reading the textbook, draw from memory.
Step two, fill in the blanks. Fill in as much as you can. Then check how many places you haven't filled in or filled in incorrectly against the textbook.
The third step is to say the picture. Talk to yourself and repeat the knowledge points in the textbook as a lecture to the pictures.
Step four, do your homework. After completing the topic in the textbook or exercise material.
Step five, draw again. Should be more accurate and complete than the first time.
Step six, fill in the map. If you have inaccurate or incorrect memories after filling in, you should pay special attention to it so that you can pay special attention when reviewing.
Second, read the text as a "paper"
Natural resources and energy
The central topic is: we must rationally develop, utilize and protect all kinds of natural resources.
1. Concept and characteristics of natural resources (omitted)
2. Achievements and existing problems of human development and utilization of natural resources.
3. Summing up lessons-"Pollution first, then treatment", "Eating ancestral rice, breaking the road for future generations"; Rational utilization and protection.
Third, the memory of songs.
The functions of reciting songs and rhymes are as follows: ① Simplifying complicated memorizing materials, reducing the absolute number of memorizing objects, increasing information concentration and reducing the burden on the brain; (2) Strengthen the connection between scattered, little-connected or incoherent memory materials, and combine scattered and irregular materials through weaving, so that the content that can only be memorized by mechanical methods can produce unique effects.
1. Memorize the names of 14 countries bordering China.
Miss Yue 'e is very shy, covered with a cloth sheet and a blanket.
Go to North Korea through mud and sweat.
Among them, "Yuee" refers to Vietnam and Russia; Shy "refers to Myanmar; Mongolia "means Mongolia; Budan means Bhutan, three carpets mean Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, India means China means Laos; "Mud" refers to "Nepal", followed by "North Korea" and "Baji Baji" refers to Pakistan; "Sweaty" refers to Afghanistan.
2. Remember the administrative regions of China.
Two lakes, two rivers and two mountains, five rivers and clouds, five rivers and mountains.
Four West, two Ning, Qing, Gan, Shan and Hai are more important than Taipei.
One country, two systems has been fulfilled, and Hong Kong and Macao are all happy.
It belongs to 34 administrative districts in China.
Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi
Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Guizhou, Fujian, Jilin and Anhui.
Sichuan, Tibet, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu and Shaanxi
Hainan, Chongqing, Inner Mongolia, Taiwan Province, Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin.
Hong Kong and Macau
4. Location memory and magical chain memory.
National nickname
1. Watch country: Switzerland. Country of Thousand Islands: Indonesia.
3. Volcanic country: Japan 4. Low-lying countries: Netherlands
5. Desert country: Saudi Arabia. Country of Ostrich: Kenya
7. Jute country: Bangladesh. Cactus country: Mexico
9. Peanut country: Senegal 10. Muslim country: Pakistan.
1 1. Mountain country: Nepal 12. Cork: Portugal.
13. Land of roses: Bulgaria 14. Country of coffee: Brazil.
15. windmill country: Netherlands 16. Garden country: Singapore.
17. Shan Ying belongs to Albania 18. Kangaroo country: Australia.
19. Country of Sheep: New Zealand. Rubber origin: Malaysia
2 1. The land of gold: South Africa. Platinum country: Colombia
23. Stamp issuing country: San Marino. Equatorial country: Ecuador
25. Spice Country: Grenada. Country of butterflies: Panama
27. Barefoot country: Ethiopia. Oil palm country: Nigeria
Fishing country: Norway 30. Music country: Austria
3 1. A country without news: Nauru 32. A country without cats: Maldives.
33. Maple Leaf Country: Canada
Five, condensed memory and homophonic memory
The earth is divided into seven continents and four oceans, with land accounting for 29% and ocean accounting for 7 1%.
The seven continents are: Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania and Antarctica.
Asia, Europe, Africa, North and South America and the Great Antarctic.
The four oceans are: Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Arctic Ocean.
Wuji Taibai (North)
Among the seven continents, Asia is the largest and Oceania the smallest.
Of the four oceans, the Pacific Ocean is the largest and the Arctic Ocean is the smallest.
Lakes in China: Qinghai Lake, Taihu Lake, Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake and Hongze Lake.
Hong lives in Dong Qing.
The largest lake in China is Qinghai Lake (also the largest saltwater lake), and the largest freshwater lake is Poyang Lake.
Sixth, coded memory and situational memory
Mount Everest is 8844.48 meters above sea level and is the highest mountain in the world.
Dad (88) and Shishi (44) eat loofah (48) on Mount Everest.
North-south parallelism
Divided into the northern and southern hemispheres by the equatorial line. North latitude is north of the equator line, and south latitude is south of the equator line.
The Tropic of Cancer is a latitude, the Tropic of Cancer is a latitude of 23 degrees 26 minutes south latitude, and the Tropic of Cancer is a latitude of 23 degrees 26 minutes north latitude.
East longitude 160 degrees, west longitude 20 degrees is divided into the eastern hemisphere and the western hemisphere.
0 degrees east longitude coincides with 0 degrees west longitude, and 0 degrees longitude passes through Greenwich Observatory in London, England. East longitude is the east longitude and west longitude is the west longitude. East longitude 180 degrees coincides with west longitude 180 degrees. This line is called the International international date line, which runs through the Russian East Siberian Sea and the Pacific Ocean.
East longitude 120 degrees passes through Beijing, China.
The westernmost part of China is about 75 degrees east longitude, and the easternmost part is about 135 degrees east longitude.
time zone
It is divided into 24 time zones by longitude, and one time zone is 15 degrees. China spans five time zones, and Beijing is located in the East Eighth District.
islands
The largest archipelago in the world consists of more than 13000 islands in Indonesia and about 7000 islands in the Philippines, which is called Malay archipelago.
coastline
Coastline: the dividing line between sea surface and land, usually set at the intersection of average sea level.