Keywords: main functions of mechatronics, power supply function, information processing function and control function
I. Basic Concept of Mechatronics Mechatronics is a new frontier technical discipline gradually formed and developed in the process of mutual infiltration and integration of multi-disciplines based on machinery, electronic technology and computer science. Mechatronics products are a new generation of products produced by using microelectronics and computer technology on the basis of mechanical products. Electromechanical integration technology is also the synthesis and collection of various technologies in engineering field. It is a high-tech based on mechanical technology, microelectronics technology, computer and information processing technology, automatic control technology, power electronics technology, servo drive technology and system overall technology. Compared with traditional electromechanical products, mechatronics products have the following advantages.
(a) to improve the safety and reliability of use. Electromechanical integration products generally have the functions of automatic monitoring, alarm, automatic diagnosis and automatic protection. In the process of work, when encountering power failures such as overload, overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit, it can automatically take protective measures to avoid and reduce personal and equipment accidents and significantly improve the safety of equipment.
(2) The production capacity and work quality have been improved. Most mechatronics products have the functions of automatic information processing and automatic control, and the sensitivity, precision and scope of their control and detection have been greatly improved. Through the automatic control system, it can accurately ensure that the mechanical actuator completes the predetermined action according to the design requirements, so that it is not affected by the subjective factors of the mechanical operator, thus achieving the best operation and ensuring the best working quality and the qualified rate of products.
(3) Improvement of service performance. Program control and digital display are widely used in mechatronics products, and the number of operation buttons and handles is obviously reduced, which greatly simplifies the operation and is convenient and simple. The working process of mechatronics products is gradually realized by the electronic control system according to the preset program, and the system can repeatedly realize all actions.
(4) Multifunctional and widely used. Mechatronics products have jumped out of the limitation of single technology and single function of electromechanical products, and technology and function are combined, which greatly improves the functional level and automation degree of products. Mechatronics products generally have many functions, such as automatic control, automatic compensation, automatic calibration, automatic adjustment, automatic protection and intelligence, which can be applied to different occasions and fields with strong adaptability and can meet the needs of users.
(5) Convenient adjustment and maintenance. In the process of installation and debugging of mechatronics products, the working mode can be changed by changing the control program to meet the needs of different user objects and field parameter changes. These control programs can be input into the control system of mechatronics products in various ways without changing any components or parts in the products.
Electromechanical integration technology and products are widely used, involving all fields of industrial production process. Therefore, there are many kinds of mechatronics products, and they are still increasing. According to the functions of mechatronics products, they can be divided into the following categories.
(1) CNC machinery. The main products include CNC machine tools, robots, engine control systems and automatic washing machines. The characteristic of this kind of products is that the actuator is a mechanical device.
(2) electronic equipment. The main products include EDM machine tools, WEDM machines, ultrasonic machining machines and laser measuring instruments. The characteristic of this kind of products is that the actuator is an electronic device.
③ Electromechanical combination. The main products include automatic flaw detector, automatic shape recognition instrument, CT scanning diagnostic instrument and vending machine. The characteristic of this kind of products is that the actuator is an organic combination of electronic device and mechanical device.
④ Electro-hydraulic servo. The main products are electro-hydraulic integrated servo devices, such as electronic servo universal material testing machine. The characteristic of this kind of products is that the actuator is a hydraulic driven mechanical device, and the control mechanism is a hydraulic servo valve that receives electrical signals.
⑤ Information control class. The main products include fax machines, disk storage, video recorders, tape recorders and photocopiers. The main feature of this kind of products is that the action of the actuator is controlled by the received information signal. In addition, mechatronics products can be divided into three categories according to the integration degree of mechatronics technology: function addition type, function substitution type and mechatronics type.
II. Composition and characteristics of mechatronics products The functions of mechatronics products are realized through the coordination and integration of the functions of its internal components. Structurally, mechatronics products have the characteristics of automation, intelligence and multi-function, and the realization of this multi-function generally requires mechatronics products to have five internal functions.
(1) mechanical system. The mechanical system of mechatronics products includes machine body, frame, mechanical transmission and connection. This part is the basis of realizing product functions, so it puts forward higher requirements for mechanical structure, and needs to meet the requirements of high efficiency, multi-function, reliability, energy saving, small volume and light weight of mechatronics products in terms of structure, materials, processing and geometric dimensions.
(2) Power system. The power system provides energy and power functions for mechatronics products, and drives the actuator to complete the predetermined main functions. The power system includes electric, hydraulic and pneumatic power sources. Electromechanical integration products mainly use electric energy, including power supply, motor and driving circuit.
(3) Sensing and detection system. The function of sensor is to convert the parameters of itself and external environment required by mechatronics products into measurable physical quantities, and measure these physical quantities by using the function of detection system, so as to provide all kinds of information needed for the operation control of mechatronics products. The function of sensing detection system is generally realized by measuring instruments or meters, and its requirements are small volume, convenient installation and connection, high detection accuracy and anti-interference.
(4) Information processing and control system. According to the function and performance requirements of mechatronics products, the information processing and control system receives the feedback information from the sensing and detection system, and makes corresponding processing, calculation and decision, so as to control the operation of the products as required and realize the control function. In mechatronics products, the information processing and control system is mainly composed of computer software and hardware and corresponding interfaces.
(5) executive body. The actuator completes the required actions under the action of control information to realize the main functions of the product. The executive mechanism of mechatronics products is generally moving parts, and mechanical, electro-hydraulic and pneumatic mechanisms are often used. Due to the different types and working objects of mechatronics products, the actuators are also very different. Actuator is the direct actuator to realize the purpose and function of the product, and its performance determines the performance of the whole product, so it is the most important part of the mechatronics product. The five components of mechatronics products coordinate with each other in their work, and * * * accomplish the specified purposes and functions. Structurally, all components are organically combined through various interfaces and their corresponding software to form a complete product with reasonable internal matching and best external efficiency.
Abstract: The function of mechatronics products is realized through the coordination and synthesis of the functions of its internal components.
Keywords: main functions of mechatronics, power supply function, information processing function and control function
I. Basic Concept of Mechatronics Mechatronics is a new frontier technical discipline gradually formed and developed in the process of mutual infiltration and integration of multi-disciplines based on machinery, electronic technology and computer science. Mechatronics products are a new generation of products produced by using microelectronics and computer technology on the basis of mechanical products. Electromechanical integration technology is also the synthesis and collection of various technologies in engineering field. It is a high-tech based on mechanical technology, microelectronics technology, computer and information processing technology, automatic control technology, power electronics technology, servo drive technology and system overall technology. Compared with traditional electromechanical products, mechatronics products have the following advantages.
(a) to improve the safety and reliability of use. Electromechanical integration products generally have the functions of automatic monitoring, alarm, automatic diagnosis and automatic protection. In the process of work, when encountering power failures such as overload, overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit, it can automatically take protective measures to avoid and reduce personal and equipment accidents and significantly improve the safety of equipment.
(2) The production capacity and work quality have been improved. Most mechatronics products have the functions of automatic information processing and automatic control, and the sensitivity, precision and scope of their control and detection have been greatly improved. Through the automatic control system, it can accurately ensure that the mechanical actuator completes the predetermined action according to the design requirements, so that it is not affected by the subjective factors of the mechanical operator, thus achieving the best operation and ensuring the best working quality and the qualified rate of products.
(3) the improvement of service performance. Program control and digital display are widely used in mechatronics products, and the number of operation buttons and handles is obviously reduced, which greatly simplifies the operation and is convenient and simple. The working process of mechatronics products is gradually realized by the electronic control system according to the preset program, and the system can repeatedly realize all actions.
(4) Multifunctional and widely used. Mechatronics products have jumped out of the limitation of single technology and single function of electromechanical products, and technology and function are combined, which greatly improves the functional level and automation degree of products. Mechatronics products generally have many functions, such as automatic control, automatic compensation, automatic calibration, automatic adjustment, automatic protection and intelligence, which can be applied to different occasions and fields with strong adaptability and can meet the needs of users.
(5) Convenient adjustment and maintenance. In the process of installation and debugging of mechatronics products, the working mode can be changed by changing the control program to meet the needs of different user objects and field parameter changes. These control programs can be input into the control system of mechatronics products in various ways without changing any components or parts in the products.
Electromechanical integration technology and products are widely used, involving all fields of industrial production process. Therefore, there are many kinds of mechatronics products, and they are still increasing. According to the functions of mechatronics products, they can be divided into the following categories.
(1) CNC machinery. The main products include CNC machine tools, robots, engine control systems and automatic washing machines. The characteristic of this kind of products is that the actuator is a mechanical device.
(2) electronic equipment. The main products include EDM machine tools, WEDM machines, ultrasonic machining machines and laser measuring instruments. The characteristic of this kind of products is that the actuator is an electronic device.
③ Electromechanical combination. The main products include automatic flaw detector, automatic shape recognition instrument, CT scanning diagnostic instrument and vending machine. The characteristic of this kind of products is that the actuator is an organic combination of electronic device and mechanical device.
④ Electro-hydraulic servo. The main products are electro-hydraulic integrated servo devices, such as electronic servo universal material testing machine. The characteristic of this kind of products is that the actuator is a hydraulic driven mechanical device, and the control mechanism is a hydraulic servo valve that receives electrical signals.
⑤ Information control class. The main products include fax machines, disk storage, video recorders, tape recorders and photocopiers. The main feature of this kind of products is that the action of the actuator is controlled by the received information signal. In addition, mechatronics products can be divided into three categories according to the integration degree of mechatronics technology: function addition type, function substitution type and mechatronics type.
II. Composition and characteristics of mechatronics products The functions of mechatronics products are realized through the coordination and integration of the functions of its internal components. Structurally, mechatronics products have the characteristics of automation, intelligence and multi-function, and the realization of this multi-function generally requires mechatronics products to have five internal functions.
(1) mechanical system. The mechanical system of mechatronics products includes machine body, frame, mechanical transmission and connection. This part is the basis of realizing product functions, so it puts forward higher requirements for mechanical structure, and needs to meet the requirements of high efficiency, multi-function, reliability, energy saving, small volume and light weight of mechatronics products in terms of structure, materials, processing and geometric dimensions.
(2) Power system. The power system provides energy and power functions for mechatronics products, and drives the actuator to complete the predetermined main functions. The power system includes electric, hydraulic and pneumatic power sources. Electromechanical integration products mainly use electric energy, including power supply, motor and driving circuit.
(3) Sensing and detection system. The function of sensor is to convert the parameters of itself and external environment required by mechatronics products into measurable physical quantities, and measure these physical quantities by using the function of detection system, so as to provide all kinds of information needed for the operation control of mechatronics products. The function of sensing detection system is generally realized by measuring instruments or meters, and its requirements are small volume, convenient installation and connection, high detection accuracy and anti-interference.
(4) Information processing and control system. According to the function and performance requirements of mechatronics products, the information processing and control system receives the feedback information from the sensing and detection system, and makes corresponding processing, calculation and decision, so as to control the operation of the products as required and realize the control function. In mechatronics products, the information processing and control system is mainly composed of computer software and hardware and corresponding interfaces.
(5) executive body. The actuator completes the required actions under the action of control information to realize the main functions of the product. The executive mechanism of mechatronics products is generally moving parts, and mechanical, electro-hydraulic and pneumatic mechanisms are often used. Due to the different types and working objects of mechatronics products, the actuators are also very different. Actuator is the direct actuator to realize the purpose and function of the product, and its performance determines the performance of the whole product, so it is the most important part of the mechatronics product. The five components of mechatronics products coordinate with each other in their work, and * * * accomplish the specified purposes and functions. Structurally, all components are organically combined through various interfaces and their corresponding software to form a complete product with reasonable internal matching and best external efficiency.