Advantages:

(1) is conducive to economically and effectively cultivating talents on a large scale;

(2) It is beneficial to play the leading role of teachers;

(3) It is beneficial to give full play to the teaching role of the class collective.

Disadvantages:

(1) is not conducive to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude;

(1) is not conducive to the cultivation of students' independence and autonomy;

(3) The teaching form lacks flexibility.

39. Briefly describe the formation process of moral character.

(1) compliance. Obedience includes obedience and obedience The attitude and morality in the compliance stage are at a low level, but it is an indispensable stage and the beginning of the establishment of attitude and morality.

(2) recognition. Identity is to actively accept the influence of others in thought, emotion, attitude and behavior, and make one's attitude and behavior close to others. Compared with obedience, identity is deeper, it is not controlled by external pressure, and its behavior has certain characteristics such as consciousness, initiative and stability.

(3) internalization. Internalization refers to keeping consistent with other people's ideas and viewpoints, and integrating one's own ideas with one's original views and beliefs to form a complete value system.

40. Briefly describe Kohlberg's moral development theory.

(1) Pre-customized level

The first stage: punishment and obedience orientation stage; The second stage: the relative utilitarian orientation stage;

(2) Custom level

The third stage: the stage of seeking identity orientation; The fourth stage: observing laws and regulations;

(3) Post-customization level

The fifth stage: the orientation stage of social contract; The sixth stage: the stage of universal ethical orientation.

4 1. Briefly describe the basic characteristics of moral development of middle school students.

(1) The development of ethics is self-discipline, and the self-awareness component in moral psychology is obvious.

(1) forms moral beliefs and ideals, and moral beliefs occupy a considerable position in moral motives;

(2) The formation of students' moral beliefs will go through a long period, showing stages;

③ Moral behavior habits are gradually consolidated;

④ The moral structure is more perfect.

(2) Moral development moves from turbulence to maturity.

① The moral development of junior middle school is turbulent;

② The moral development in senior high school tends to be mature.

42. What are the contents of moral education?

(1) Political education. Including basic Marxist theory education, class education, world outlook education and social science education.

(2) Ideological education. Including dialectical materialism and historical materialism world outlook and outlook on life education, revolutionary ideal and revolutionary tradition education, labor education, conscious discipline education.

(3) Moral education. Including moral knowledge learning, traditional virtue education, aesthetic interest education, social merit education, as well as moral thinking ability, moral feelings, beliefs and good behavior habits.

(4) Mental health education. It is mainly divided into three aspects, namely, study counseling, life counseling and professional knowledge.

43. Briefly describe the basic laws of moral education process.

(1) The process of moral education is a process of cultivating and improving students' knowledge, feelings, intentions and actions, with various beginnings.

(2) Moral education is a process of promoting students' internal contradictions.

(3) The process of moral education is a process of organizing students' activities and communication and influencing students' education in many ways.

(4) The process of moral education is a long-term, repeated and gradual process.

44, how to implement the principle of moral education:

Persuasion principle means that moral education should be guided by persuasion, convince people by reasoning, start with improving students' understanding, mobilize students' initiative and make them positive.

Basic requirements for implementing the persuasion principle:

(1) explain the truth and clear the mind;

(2) Make the best use of the situation and follow the crowd;

(3) Give priority to praise and encouragement, and insist on positive education.

45. How to implement the principles of consistency and coherence in education?

The principle of consistency and coherence in education means that moral education should purposefully and systematically organize and adjust the educational influence on students from all sides, so as to make them cooperate with each other and coordinate, so as to ensure the development of students' moral character in accordance with the requirements of educational purposes.

The requirements for implementing this principle are:

(1) Unify the educational forces in all aspects within the school.

(2) unify the educational influence of all aspects of society.

(3) Moral education should be carried out in a planned and systematic way.

46, how to implement the principle of long-term good save the lost?

The principle of doing good to recover losses is also called the principle of carrying forward positive factors and overcoming negative factors. It means that in the process of moral education, we should fully mobilize students' enthusiasm for self-education, rely on and carry forward their positive factors, overcome their negative factors and promote their moral growth.

In order to realize this principle, the following requirements should be observed:

(1) Want it? Split in two? Treat students seriously;

(2) Carry forward the positive factors and overcome the negative ones;

(3) Guide students to evaluate themselves consciously and conduct self-education.

47. What are the ways of moral education in middle schools?

(1) Ideological and Political Course and Teaching of Other Subjects

(2) Social practice activities

(3) Extracurricular and extracurricular activities

(4)*** Communist Youth League activities

(5) study school meetings, class meetings, weekly meetings, morning meetings and current affairs policies.

(6) Monitor's work

48. Briefly describe the implementation requirements of persuasion education law.

Persuasion is a method to help students improve their understanding and form a correct view by means of language and facts, by stating facts and reasoning. Persuasion includes explanation, conversation, report, discussion, interview, etc. This is the basic method of moral education for students in socialist schools.

Use persuasion education method should pay attention to the following requirements:

(1) Clear purpose;

(2) Rich knowledge and strong interest;

(3) pay attention to the timing;

(4) Treat people with sincerity.

49. Briefly describe the implementation requirements of the example method.

Example method is a way to influence students' moral character with noble thoughts, exemplary behaviors and outstanding achievements of others. Examples include great men's role models, teachers' training for educators, and good role models among students.

The following requirements should be noted when using the example method:

(1) Choose a good example of learning;

(2) Arouse students' admiration for role models;

(3) Guide students to adjust their behavior by example and improve their self-cultivation.

50. How to use emotional cultivation for moral education?

(1) Create a good educational situation. Educators should strengthen their self-cultivation, pay attention to the construction of campus culture, enrich campus cultural life and form a good class spirit and school spirit.

(2) Organize students to actively participate in the creation of situations.

(3) the combination of inspiration and persuasion

5 1. Briefly describe the methods for teachers to cultivate students' attention.

(1) Application of the Law of Unintentional Attention in Teaching

In the teaching process, teachers should be good at using the characteristics of related stimuli to organize students' attention. On the one hand, we should eliminate unintentional factors that easily distract students' attention, such as keeping the classroom quiet and simple layout; On the other hand, we should make full use of such factors as novel mathematical methods, diverse teaching forms, lively and interesting teaching organization, rich teaching content and strong logic, which are easy to arouse students' unintentional attention to the teaching content, so that students can concentrate on listening.

Teachers should consider students' needs, interests, knowledge, experience and emotional state in teaching, so that teaching methods, teaching forms and teaching contents can meet students' needs, meet students' reality and attract students' unintentional attention.

(2) The application of the law of intentional attention in teaching

(1) Define the learning objectives and tasks.

② Stimulate and cultivate indirect interest.

③ Correctly organize classroom teaching.

(4) Take measures to prevent distraction.

(3) The application of two kinds of attention conversion laws in teaching.

In teaching, teachers should make full use of the two laws of attention conversion to organize teaching.

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