One * * * Let's look at two pieces. ① Biotechnology Paper-Strawberry Soilless Culture Author: Kong Fanyang Strawberry Soilless Culture Abstract: 1. Strawberry soilless culture can be carried out by using the school's biological park and preparing reasonable nutrient solution. 2. Soilless cultivation of strawberries has the characteristics of fast growth, good growth, early flower bud differentiation, early flowering and fruiting and high yield. Key words: culture medium, nutrient solution and soilless culture, which is simple and easy to cultivate crops on culture medium other than soil, is called soilless culture. Soilless culture has the advantages of no or less land occupation, quick stubble replacement, clean environment, pollution-free products, good growth, excellent quality and delicious color, which opens up broad prospects for the industrialization and automation of flower, vegetable, grain and fruit production. 1. Practical purpose Through the practical activities of strawberry soilless culture, master the technology of soilless culture, know how to determine the principle of essential mineral elements in plants by hydroponics and the physiological effects of mineral elements on plants, and cultivate students' interest in learning and practical ability. Second, the practice principle plant roots absorb water and inorganic salts from soil solution, and soil particles mainly play a fixing role. According to this principle, inorganic salts necessary for plant life are mixed into nutrient solution in a certain proportion for soilless cultivation of crops. Thirdly, the practice method is compared with the soil potted strawberry. Potted strawberries use common garden soil as fixed material, and apply chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure for water and fertilizer management. 4. Practical equipment: soilless flowerpots (double plastic pots or canned bottles, rigid foam plastic plates are also acceptable), strawberry seedlings, nutrient solution, scales, washed gravels or vermiculite, thermometers, etc. V. Testing and Management 1. Examination time: 65438+September 0997-65438+May 0998; 65438+ September 0998-65438+ May 0999 2. Test address: School Biology Park 3. Nutrient solution: The table 1 is the best formula. 4. Cultivation method: select healthy seedlings with 4-5 leaves and full terminal buds, clean the soil at the roots, plant them in the upper pot of soilless flowerpot, use gravel or vermiculite as a fixture, and put clear water in the lower pot. After the new roots grow out (about 65,438+0 weeks), clear water is poured out and replaced with culture solution. Table 1 Contents of components in soilless strawberry nutrient solution (MG/L) Calcium nitrate 236 potassium nitrate 303 ammonium phosphate 57 magnesium sulfate 123 ferric chloride 500 boric acid 1.2 manganese chloride 0.72 5. Management: (1) Timely supplement of nutrient solution. Make up water 1-2 times a week. 50- 100ml each time. After entering April, the temperature rises and evaporates quickly, and at the same time, it just blooms and bears fruit, which requires a lot of fertilizer. Every 2-3 days, 1 time is needed for rehydration, and the concentration of nutrient solution should be increased. Generally, the concentration of culture solution before flowering is stock solution: water =1:9; After flowering, the concentration of culture solution is stock solution: water = 1.7: 8.3 (2) Spray water 1 time the next morning, and spray water 1 time every day since April, and keep the relative humidity at 70-80%. (3) The illumination is natural illumination in the biological garden (be careful not to place it in direct sunlight, so as to avoid root necrosis caused by too high temperature of the culture medium). (4) Pay attention to the timely removal of old leaves and stolons. When it is found that the leaves at the lower part of the plant are planted horizontally and begin to turn yellow, and the base of the petiole also begins to change color, it should be pulled out immediately. Stolons consume a lot of nutrients. In order to ensure the size and quality of the fruit, when it is found to be the tender line at the base of the leaf, the stolon should be removed in time. (5) pay attention to insect prevention. Strawberry pests mainly include aphids and red spiders, which can be controlled by inhaling insecticides, such as methamidophos and dimethoate. The main diseases are gray mold and virus disease. Can be controlled by bordeaux mixture, Tobuzin and other fungicides. (6) Pay attention to timely bud thinning and fruit padding. 6. Observation record: 1. At 2℃, the roots began to move, and at 7℃, new roots began to grow. The optimum growth temperature is 15-20℃. When the temperature is higher than 30℃, the growth stops and the root system becomes discolored and damaged. At -8℃, the root system freezes. 2. The aboveground stems and leaves began to grow at 5℃, and the optimum growth temperature was 15-25℃. If the temperature is too high or too low, the growth will be slow, and above 30℃, the old leaves will be scorched. 3. When the temperature is higher than 5℃, flower bud differentiation begins. The optimum temperature for flower bud differentiation is between 5- 15℃, flowering is above 15℃, and flowering peak is around 15℃. 4. The pH value of the culture medium is 6.5-7. 5. See the table below for flowering and fruiting. Statistics of flowering and fruiting records of soilless strawberries. Pot number Potting time Total fruit/plant month/leaf number per day in the first inflorescence and floret number per day in the second inflorescence Weight (g) 209/239/264-53/234/611. 438+07 4/124/27 4/104/215-94/205/189-17153-257. Achievements and experiences 65438+ 2. Experiments prove that the indoor soilless strawberry cultivation method of the invention is simple and low in cost, and can be popularized and planted in families, so that indoor space can be fully utilized, the environment can be appreciated and beautified, and the spring fruit with fragrant smell and rich nutrition can be tasted, which is a good thing with multiple purposes and is well received by the masses. Through practice, it not only helps us understand the teaching materials, but also cultivates our interest in learning and hands-on ability, and promotes the popularization of soilless culture technology in the local area. Standard biotechnology papers! (2) Every Sunday, I always finish the task of shoeshine given to me by my mother. After getting the leather shoes covered with dust, I first wipe off the dust on the vamp, then apply shoe polish and wipe them carefully, and the leather shoes will become bright and beautiful. But why is this? I found two pairs of old and new leather shoes of the same brand and style for comparative observation. I first touched the uppers of two pairs of leather shoes and found that the surface of the new shoes was much smoother than the old ones. Old leather shoes are coated with shoe polish. After careful polishing, it shines a lot, but it is still not as good as new leather shoes. Is there a relationship between the brightness of leather shoes and the smoothness of uppers? I brought a pair of old leather shoes that were not polished, and the uppers were uneven under the magnifying glass. Then, I circled two rough areas A and B on the leather shoes. Carefully wipe area A with shoe polish, and area B without shoe polish as a blank control. I found that the surface of area A is obviously smoother after wiping, and it is more shiny than area B when placed in the sun. Why is there such a big difference between them? I remember the teacher once said in science class that the wall surface of the theater is uneven, so that most of the sounds can be absorbed and the audience will not be disturbed by the echo. Similarly, light will be reflected on the surface of any object. If the plane is uneven, light will scatter in all directions. If this plane is smooth, then we can see the reflected light in a certain direction. The surface of leather shoes is not absolutely smooth. If it is an old leather shoe, its surface is of course more uneven and can't reflect light in a certain direction, so it looks dull. There are some small particles in shoe polish, which can just be filled into the pits on the surface of leather shoes when shining shoes. If you wipe it with a cloth again, the shoe polish will be more uniform, the surface of leather shoes will become smooth and flat, and the reflective ability will be strengthened. Through the experiment, I finally know the secret of shoes getting brighter and brighter!

References:

/userlog/ 166 1/archives/2006/99890 . shtml