If you are fully prepared before you start writing a paper, you will often get twice the result with half the effort. The following are six main points of my graduation thesis preparation.

I. Thematic selection

Choosing a topic is the key first step in writing a paper, which is directly related to the quality of the paper. As the saying goes:? Half the questions are good? The following points should be paid attention to when choosing a topic: (1) We should combine the study and work practice, and choose a topic with theoretical and practical significance according to our familiar major and research interests; (2) The topic of thesis writing should be small rather than big, as long as you have your own opinions, successful experiences, or lessons of failure, or have new ideas and understanding of an academic field or a certain point, you can use it as a topic; (3) When choosing a topic, you should check the literature, so that you can not only know the research degree of others on this issue, but also learn from other people's research results on this issue.

It should be pointed out that the topic of thesis writing is related to the topic of thesis, but it is not the same thing. The topic is drawn up on the basis of the selected topic, which is a high summary of the selected topic. But the topic selection and writing should not be limited by the topic. Sometimes in the process of writing, the topic has not changed, but it has changed several times.

Two. design

The design is to further ask questions and plan a preliminary solution to the problem after the topic of thesis writing is determined, so that scientific research and writing can proceed smoothly. The design of the thesis should include the following aspects: (1) professional design: a research scheme proposed according to the needs of topic selection and existing technical conditions; (2) Statistical design: it is a statistical treatment scheme put forward by using the method of health statistics, which is particularly important for the writing of nursing papers containing experimental comparative samples; (3) Writing design: it is a preliminary plan to draw up an outline and write. In a word, design is the blueprint of nursing scientific research and paper writing, isn't it? Blueprint? You can't work.

Three. Experiment and observation

In thesis writing, it is an extremely important step to carry out necessary experiments or observations, which is not only the basic process to obtain objective results and draw correct conclusions, but also an important way to accumulate thesis materials for writing. Experiment is a method to explore objective laws by various material means (experimental instruments, animals, etc.). ) according to the research purpose; Observation is a conscious investigation of natural phenomena to reveal the reasons behind the phenomena and their laws. Their main functions are to collect scientific facts, obtain perceptual materials for scientific research, and develop and test scientific theories. What's the difference between them? Observation is to collect what natural phenomena provide, and experiment is to extract what you want from natural phenomena. ? Therefore, whether it is animal experiments or clinical observation, we should be meticulous, based on various facts, and make various records in our work.

Some nursing papers do not necessarily need animal experiments or clinical observation, such as nursing management papers or nursing reviews, but necessary social practice activities are still indispensable. Only by raising the materials obtained from practice to theory can we get valuable results.

Four. Data collection and processing

Data is the basis of thesis writing. After the topic selection, design, observation and experiment, collecting and processing data is the further preparation for writing a paper.

Thesis writing materials can be divided into primary materials and secondary materials. The former is also called original data or direct data, which refers to things that the author personally participates in investigation, research or observation, such as records made in experiments or observations, and belongs to this kind of data; The latter, also known as second-hand information or indirect information, refers to relevant professional or specialized documents, which are mainly accumulated through usual study. On the basis of obtaining enough information, it needs to be processed to make it systematic, organized and convenient for application. For thesis writing, these two materials are essential, so we should properly apply them to thesis writing, pay attention to the distinction between primary and secondary, especially the literature materials, and quote them appropriately on the basis of full digestion and absorption, and don't pretend to be the master. The use of first-hand information should also be true, accurate and correct.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) outline of paper writing

Writing an outline is also an important step, which can be said to have entered the formal writing stage. First of all, we should have a general understanding of the basic types (common formats) of academic papers, and consider the composition of the papers according to the information we have. For beginners, you can refer to the types of papers published in magazines and know what you are doing. Secondly, we should do further research on the information we have, and comprehensively consider the selection and application of many materials, so that the arguments are prominent, reliable and powerful, and the contents of each part are properly connected. Third, we should consider the degree of detail of the thesis outline. Thesis outline can be divided into two types: coarse outline and fine outline. The former only indicates the main points of each part and does not involve the development of materials and papers. For experienced paper writers, you can use. But for beginners, it is best to draw up a detailed writing outline, which not only puts forward the main points of each part of the paper, but also reflects the detailed arrangement of the materials involved and the relationship between the parts, so that writing can be handy.

Step 6 write by hand

Writing from scratch marks that scientific research has entered the stage of expressing achievements. With good topics, rich materials, detailed outlines, and fluent writing, we should not take it lightly. A high-quality academic paper, of course, should be substantial in content, but also exquisite in form, concise and accurate in text expression, standardized in grammar and rhetoric, and moderate in sentence length. In particular, we must adopt medical science and technology style and express it in declarative sentences, reduce or avoid exclamations, lyric sentences and slang, and do not contact party and government leaders and their speeches or political situations at the beginning or end of the paper.

Thesis writing, like other stylistic writing, has the continuity of thinking. Therefore, when writing, we should try our best to eliminate all kinds of interference, so that our thinking activities can continue, and we should concentrate on it and strive for one go. For longer papers, you should also do it in one go, don't give up halfway, so the writing effect is better.

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