Since the late 1950s, the development of shunting equipment in China's railway marshalling yards has made three leaps in a short time. Before 1950s, although some marshalling stations were built in China, most of them were section stations with few tracks, short effective length, large shunting plane, low efficiency and high labor intensity. 1958, after the first simple hump in China (also known as "earth hump") was built in Fengtai Station, more than 50 simple humps were built in China during the "Great Leap Forward" for more than two years, which was the first leap in the development of shunting operation technology. With the improvement of simple hump, non-mechanized hump has been widely developed in some areas and local marshalling stations. 1960, Sujiatun marshalling station built the first mechanized hump in China, and successfully used the vehicle reducer (there are 2~3 braking positions and iron shoes in the marshalling station), which greatly reduced the labor intensity of braking and mobilization. Practice has proved that the capacity of mechanized hump can be improved by 30%~50% compared with simple hump and non-mechanized hump. From the 1960s to the mid-1970s, most marshalling stations in China adopted this speed regulation system, which was the second leap of speed regulation technology in marshalling stations. 1978 took the lead in building hump semi-automatic speed regulation system in Fengtai west marshalling station, 1979 put retarder-retarder speed regulation system into the downstream yard of Harbin station. By 1985, the point speed regulation system represented by fengxi and nanxiang, the point connection speed regulation system represented by xi andong, and the continuous speed regulation system represented by guangzhou beishan and genshanmen were basically realized. This is the third leap of marshalling station speed regulation technology. 1989 The automatic control system of hump operation process (including microcomputer distributed automatic control system of shunting speed point by point, microcomputer automatic control system of hump running and wireless remote control system of hump pusher locomotive), microcomputer interlocking control system of hump tail and existing vehicle management information system of marshalling station have been built in the upstream yard of Zhengzhou North Station, and the first marshalling station with fully automatic shunting operation in China has been built. Especially in the research of shunting operation automation in marshalling yard in China, an independent retarder-retarder vertex connection speed regulation mode was pioneered, which explored a new way for the modernization of marshalling yard.

Development of China Marshalling Yard;

In the 1980s, there were 46 marshalling yards under the Ministry of Railways, including 13 for road network, 16 for regional marshalling yards and 17 for local marshalling yards. In the 1990s, with the completion and operation of a number of Shinkansen, new progress has been made in the construction of marshalling stations. According to the document of Transport Bureau of Ministry of Railways 1997, the total number of marshalling stations in the whole railway has increased from 46 to 49. In the original marshalling station, Xinlonghua Station is no longer listed as a marshalling station because it no longer serves as the technical operation of truck transfer in the road network; Beijing-Kowloon and Baozhong new lines were introduced into operation, and Zhejiang-Jiangxi and Baolan double lines were completed and put into operation. Four marshalling stations have been added, namely, Fuyang North, xiang tang West, Qiaosi and Yingshuiqiao. In Harbin hub, Harbin South Station is a technical operation of road network trucks, which is changed to a road network marshalling station; Harbin station is an adaptation operation of trucks in the pipeline and changed into a regional marshalling station; Yingtan and Fuyang North are also the adaptation operations of road network trucks, which are designated as road network marshalling stations. See the attached table for the newly determined names of marshalling stations. In addition, there are 29 1 section stations for disassembling sections and picking up trains, including 77 first-class stations, 2 second-class stations 1 13, 3 third-class stations 1065438 and 2 humps12.