Use the key of marketization and industrialization.
Key words: key technological innovation of new energy 1. Key technological innovation points of new energy
1 1 solar cell products. Solar cells are a combination of high and new technologies.
Synthetic products have a long industrial chain, involving materials, optoelectronics, equipment manufacturing and motors.
Science, electronic power, automatic control and other disciplines. Its key technology
The first innovation is to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy; The second is to improve the manufacturing process.
Third, improve the localization rate of raw materials and production equipment; The fourth is to improve power grid connection and storage.
Stability of energy and power grid; Fifth, improve the protection and dust prevention of solar cells; six
Is to strengthen the recycling of battery materials.
2 1 wind energy. Although the wind power generation technology is relatively mature, it still needs help.
Maintain and solve the key problems of MW variable speed constant frequency fans and fans above 3MW.
Motor hub, base, gearbox and gearbox, MW yaw and pitch control.
Bearing and other key components of wind turbine technology, cultivate and support a number of customs development.
Key components supporting the industrial chain.
3 1 water source heat pump. Water source heat pump technology has been quite mature, but the application of this technology
The technical level needs to be improved, especially in pure hotels.
How to better play the role of air conditioning and reduce unnecessary waste needs to be improved.
Stepped exploration; Technology for reducing noise and power consumption, and the whole technology.
Whether the spread of noodles has an impact on the ecological environment also needs further exploration.
4 1 biomass energy. Waste from biomass energy is burned to generate electricity, although it is man-made.
The level of electrical technology is relatively mature, but it is improving calorific value and thermal efficiency, preventing
The prevention and control of secondary pollution need further study. Second, the obstacles to the innovation of new energy key technologies
Government.
1 1 lack of overall, orderly and specific planning guidance. Although this country
Scientists have successively issued the National Plan for China to Deal with Climate Change and Renewable Energy.
Energy law and medium-and long-term development planning of renewable energy, but in new energy
The industrial adjustment and revitalization plan is still in its infancy, but it has been pushed away in many places.
Out of the local new energy development plan. Due to the lack of overall planning, the market
Low access, this rush for success will inevitably lead to small industrial scale, redundant construction,
Low-end industries and stage overcapacity and waste of resources such as land.
2 1 Lack of strong guidance on * * * technology and key technologies. Although this country
Economists put the new energy industry in the position of strategic industry, and it is also constantly introduced.
New energy demonstration application policy, in the enterprise "four (raw materials, equipment, technology
Under the current situation of technology and talent introduction, from the central to the local as a whole for new energy.
The source of * * * technology and key technologies lack strong guidance. Such as strengthening
Follow-up research on the world's new energy technology frontier technology progress, increase energy.
R&D investment in the source area, strengthen key development projects, and accelerate improvement.
The level of new energy and high-tech wood, the implementation of a batch of imported technology digestion and absorption,
Localization of new energy materials and key research on influencing the development of new energy technology
And mobilize all forces in Industry-University-Research to attack through bidding.
Key technologies of gram new energy; Sign new energy technology exchange agreements with advanced countries
Cooperation agreement to create a good international cooperation environment for the introduction of new energy technologies; Import tax relief for the introduction of new energy technologies, and new energy,
The introduction of high-end technical talents will receive generous subsidies; Add new ones to the university as soon as possible.
Energy major, encourage enterprises to participate in the construction of new energy technology education and training system.
Settings; Support enterprises to acquire foreign R&D institutions and introduce foreign intelligence, and
Foreign cooperative research and development forms with independent intellectual property rights, such as foreign alliances;
Build a national new energy science and technology research and development institution and actively develop independent knowledge.
Property rights of core technologies, establish industry standards as soon as possible, and improve product competitiveness;
Improve the ability of self-research and innovation. 3 1 Lack of a clear and operational supporting policy environment. because
Enterprises are driven by profits, and their own technological innovation motivation is insufficient, so the government must consider it.
Provide corresponding policy support and organizational guarantee for enterprises to create technological innovation.
The necessary conditions and environment, and through such as the reform of scientific research institutions, finance.
Supporting policies, regulations, systems, etc. Guide enterprises, standardize enterprises and restrain enterprises.
So that enterprises can be guaranteed and competitive in terms of capital, talents and technological innovation.
In western countries, the government has formulated and implemented a series of policies and legal measures.
Stone, promote technological innovation of new energy industry, adopt new materials and improve new facilities.
Rice. The new energy policy of the United States requires vigorously developing energy-saving technologies and actively seeking.
Seek alternative resources and vigorously advocate energy conservation in the whole society. The British government has greatly
Reduce the supplement to traditional industries with high resource consumption such as textiles, steel and machinery.
Posts to support the development of high-tech production with low energy consumption and high resource output rate.
Industry. The EU encourages enterprises to invest in solar energy, wind energy and sanitation facilities in developing countries.
Green energy industries such as material energy and new energy can obtain corresponding emission quotas.
Compensation. At present, although China has also introduced some policy supporting measures,
But generally speaking, the pertinence is poor, the operability is not strong and the effect is not obvious. (1) mechanism
1 1 management mechanism. In China, overlapping "multi-head management" management.
Management mechanism often leads to inefficiency, complicated procedures and coordinated transactions.
High cost is not conducive to the healthy development of the industry, so "one-end management" should be implemented.
"For example, Richard in the United States is managed by a department of energy to help straighten it out.
Relationship, to ensure clear responsibilities and rights.
2 1 talent mechanism. At present, high-end talents engaged in new energy basically
Returnees and enterprises with certain research and work experience background
There is a general lack of middle and advanced products that can solve problems such as product research and production technology.
Professional and technical personnel. The serious shortage of high-tech professionals directly affects
Enterprises engaged in industrial frontier research and technological innovation have great constraints on enterprises.
Enhance the independent innovation ability of the industry, in the production of core technologies such as batteries and components.
There is a big gap between China and the advanced production level in the world. The government should improve
Talent policy, creating a talent mechanism for talent introduction, training and use.
(1) Reform scientific research institutions and implement new energy from a strategic perspective.
Source industry key technology innovation, training and utilization of high-end technical personnel. move
Use national strength to organize key technologies and overall equipment to tackle key technical problems.
Incorporate financial funds into the budget and provide appropriate staffing and security.
Good innovation environment, such as innovation fund and ensuring the work and life of scientific researchers,
Establish an incentive mechanism for high-end scientific research talents to overcome front-end key technologies. Mechanism. For scientific research results, as public resources and information to enjoy * * *, not to mention.
The industrial level is high.
(2) Vigorously develop vocational schools and train middle and low-end technical talents. river
Xinyu Solar Energy Senior Vocational School in the west is a national key secondary vocational school.
Private schools. With the support of the government, the school has developed into a key school in Jiangxi Province.
The export base of intermediate applied and skilled talents has an independent campus 150.
Fishes. School affiliated to Jiangxi Yuzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology (including junior college,
Technical secondary school), you can enjoy the high-quality educational resources of higher vocational education in an all-round way, forming a unique
The educational advantages of. The school has established a perfect tuition fee waiver system.
Degree, the annual arrangement of not less than 5% of business income, for poor families to study.
Students are exempt from tuition. The establishment of vocational schools is undoubtedly for Xinyu, Jiangxi.
Building a "silicon wafer capital" has created the advantage of technical talents. (4) Improve the talent environment and optimize the talent policy. Pay attention to the talent environment,
Build a talent policy and implement elements such as management, technology and knowledge.
And pay attention to the protection of intellectual property rights, and actively attract foreign and domestic innovation.
Energy experts and outstanding talents come to Hangzhou to innovate and start businesses. Can also be made of wealth.
The technical management of a number of enterprises, scientific research units and government departments has been selected by the government as the funding target.
Talent training in developed countries has focused on training a number of new energy development talents.
High-level technical innovation talents, management talents and senior technicians are new energy sources.
Industrial development provides a strong talent support.
(5) Provide a good platform for Industry-University-Research. In scientific research, comparative analysis
On this basis, the new energy industry is scientifically subdivided, and then the new energy industry is subdivided.
The project is implemented in the corresponding key technologies, which enriches the talent base.
Good enterprises and universities jointly tackle key problems; Strengthen Industry-University-Research cooperation and develop in an all-round way.
Give full play to the role of scientific research institutions such as the State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials of Zhejiang University,
Encourage enterprises and universities to jointly establish technology research and development institutions to create new energy sources.
Source industry alliance, build a new energy technology research and development and innovation service platform; and
Support enterprise scientific and technical personnel to study and work in colleges and universities for a certain period of time.
Visit to promote the flow of human resources to enterprises; Organize, mobilize and motivate at the same time.
The vast number of scientific and technological personnel face the front line of economic construction and go deep into enterprise development technology.
Service, innovation and entrepreneurship; Establish a communication mechanism between scientific and technological personnel and enterprises
Streaming platform, encourage all kinds of intermediaries such as intellectual property rights, technology transfer and human resources services to provide two-way choice service platforms for researchers and enterprises.
3 1 investment and financing mechanism. The new energy industry is technology-intensive and capital-intensive.
Intensive high-tech industries. Industrial development needs a lot of capital investment.
The financing policy of entrepreneurial innovation is not smooth, and the shortage of funds is greatly suppressed.
The innovation investment of enterprises affects their innovation ability and competitiveness.
length
(1) Establish a perfect loan guarantee system. Establish the foundation of risk compensation
Gold, used to compensate the bad debts of guarantee institutions. Improve the credit re-guarantee system
Degree, the establishment of a re-guarantee fund, from the policy to encourage information of various economic sectors.
We participate in the investment of guarantee companies and form diversified and multi-level credit guarantees.
Systematically solve the bottleneck problem of industrial development funds.
(2) Increase the support of science and technology banks for enterprise development and explore various ways.
The loan form solves the reasonable capital demand of enterprises. Promote technology and finance
To further strengthen and improve financial services and increase new energy technology.
Corporate financing support. Encourage financial institutions to innovate financial products and services.
Increase credit support for science and technology projects and enterprises that meet the credit conditions.
Efforts will be made to actively carry out pledge loans for intangible assets such as intellectual property rights. (3) Establish a good cooperation mechanism between banks and enterprises and market-oriented industrial investment.
Fund. In establishing a good cooperation mechanism between banks and enterprises and market-oriented industrial investment
At the same time, the fund will give priority to encouraging the development of new energy industries and encouraging new energy sources.
Enterprises use domestic and foreign capital market financing tools to make enterprises from dependent countries
Indirect financing of domestic preferential policies and bank loans has changed to mainly relying on it.
Take indirect financing in domestic and foreign financial markets as the main way, and gradually form social capital.
Enterprise capital and government capital are interrelated, mutually promoting and developing together.
Situation. And guide industrial transformation and upgrading in a timely manner from a financial perspective. 4 1 price and market mechanism. I am the one who develops, produces and applies new energy.
China must choose a road, and the key to developing new energy industry is nuclear energy.
Heart technology innovation, once the government adopts timely and flexible price mechanism and
If entrepreneurs combine their "profit-seeking activities", they can get a win-win result. at present
90% of the new energy products produced in China are exported, mainly because of the Convention.
The price (cost) of energy is much lower than that of new energy sources, such as enterprises.
Be able to take advantage of the government's various innovation environments and promote through key technological innovations.
That is, before 20 17 (Germany predicted that photovoltaic power generation would reach 20 17 in 2007).
The electricity fee crosses the cost of conventional power generation. American experts predict that 20 15 years ago,
The cost of post-photovoltaic power generation intersects with the cost of conventional power generation) to reduce the cost to ordinary.
Energy costs are even lower. At this stage, the purchase price adopted by the government is greater than.
Incentive income with export price (considering preferential policies such as export tax rebate) greater than cost.
The purchase price varies greatly, prompting enterprises to innovate key technologies and gradually
Transfer the application of new energy from foreign markets to a vast domestic market, and lead
Guide enterprises to master the life cycle of products and implement advanced independent innovation in a timely manner.
A new spiral upward cycle. When other entrepreneurs see the application of this new technology,
Or if there is (excess) profit in the production of this new product, it will take effect one after another.
In short, the influx of this market will lower the price of products. At this stage, the government's incentive purchase price can be adjusted appropriately and timely, thus exceeding the profit (rent).
Gradually dissipate, the survival of the fittest. The behavior of the latter also belongs to the category of "profit".
Profit-seeking activities are the expression of normal market competition mechanism, and their role is to reduce
The cost of developing new products. The successful case is Germany's feed-in tariff law.
Using the price mechanism that the on-grid tariff is decreasing year by year, photovoltaic power generation will enter the market.
Field, the introduction of market economic mechanism, let the market mechanism play a role, make the building light.
Volt Power Station has become a profitable investment project, which has aroused the enthusiasm of the whole society.
Sex, free competition, survival of the fittest, is conducive to improving quality, reducing costs and investment.
Capital efficiency is high. 5 1 government assessment mechanism. If there is no government assessment mechanism, then
It can be a new energy source that the government can and cannot develop, which comes from our country.
At present, evaluation is an effective means to promote the development of new energy industry.
Therefore, it is suggested that the government's promoting role should be strengthened under the mode of "one-head management".
Increase the assessment of new energy sources in the assessment of government work, but try to avoid it.
Avoid the contradiction between regional assessment and industrial agglomeration.
6 1 technology innovation alliance mechanism. The technological innovation of new energy industry is
A huge system engineering is often not completed by a single enterprise or industry.
Yes, it requires enterprises to form a technological innovation alliance, focusing on new energy.
Carry out technological innovation activities. For example, the same is true for a new energy enterprise.
Other enterprises can enjoy technological innovation in solar energy utilization.
The technical equipment and professionals of the enterprise can even become the' of other enterprises.
* * * Enjoy resources. If we help each other, we will promote new energy technologies in the whole society.
The improvement of innovation level will promote the sustainable development of conservation-oriented society and social economy.
Exhibition. (2) Policy
1 1 fiscal policy for technological innovation. It has been suggested that the reference to new energy sources
The tax policy for industrial technological innovation projects focuses on industrial technological innovation.
Enterprises give corresponding tax exemptions, incentives, subsidies and other preferential policies, and actively introduce production.
Policies and regulations on export tax rebate and raising tax rebate rate. In order to develop new
The financial expenses incurred by the credit funds of energy technology innovation projects are used for innovation.
The R&D expenses of key technologies are more encouraged by adding and deducting.
Preferential policies; Intensify the creation of spark plan, torch plan and small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises.
Investment in government-guided science and technology projects, such as the New Fund, will give enterprises new energy technologies.
Provide more policy and financial support for technological innovation projects. Used to organize formulation and revision.
Formulate international, national and local standards or norms for new energy technologies and products.
Enterprises with quantitative standard system and monitoring system are given financial and other policy incentives.
2 1 technological innovation planning policy. Domestic new energy industry, low-end
Some industries facing stage surplus and lacking core technological advantages.
There is a bottleneck in the chain. New energy is in its infancy in China and should be refined.
Heart to cultivate this market, rather than excessive pursuit of scale expansion. This country will
The development of new energy is placed at a strategic height, so it is necessary to consider new energy subprojects.
Make a detailed and reasonable plan for the industry. It is suggested to further strengthen the production of new energy.
Industry planning, detailed and reasonable planning of new energy sub-sectors to avoid low-level redundant construction. Especially at the national level, it is necessary to further clarify the new
Short-term, Medium-term and Long-term Development Planning and Policies of Energy Industry
Relevant enterprises not only focus on the current export market and domestic demonstration projects,
But from the international and domestic markets and long-term development strategies to plan investment.
Capital scale and key technology R&D investment.
According to the plan, it is suggested to strengthen the technical support system based on independent innovation.
The construction of. The implementation of major technical projects for the development of solar photovoltaic industry has great
Greatly reduce the production cost of solar cells, improve power generation efficiency and photovoltaic.
Industrial competitiveness as the goal, focusing on supporting solar cell production technology and installation.
Development and research of key technologies and equipment in standby and large-scale photovoltaic power generation and application fields
Industrialization, actively encourage leading enterprises and domestic and foreign research forces, and
Cooperate with enterprises to form a technological innovation alliance and establish an enterprise technology center.
As the main public * * * technical service platform for industry research and development, a number of too.
Yang Neng Guangfu Enterprise Technology Center, Engineering Center and Key Laboratory. no
Digest and absorb imported equipment technology, and realize the independent design system of key equipment.
Build and gradually cultivate professional R&D and solar key equipment manufacturers.
Industry. Study and formulate relevant standards for solar cells to promote the development of photovoltaic industry.
Healthy development. 3 1 open policy. It is suggested to encourage state-owned, private and foreign-funded institutions.
Private enterprises participate in the development and formation of new energy and high-tech industrialization in Hangzhou.
Diversification of new energy investment subjects; Strengthen cooperation with foreign professional R&D institutions.
The cooperation of production enterprises encourages foreign manufacturers and R&D institutions to come to our city.
Invest in setting up factories and establishing R&D institutions; Support enterprises to acquire foreign R&D..
Institutions, introduce foreign intelligence, and jointly own independent intellectual property rights with foreign countries.
Research and development forms of foreign cooperation, improve the ability of independent research and innovation, and promote
High-tech talents, capital and technology are concentrated in the advantageous areas of Hangzhou.
Medium; Actively carry out foreign exchanges and cooperation, and introduce consumers purposefully and selectively.
Absorb foreign advanced technologies, processes and key equipment to build an international industry.
The transfer environment is excellent 4 1 demonstrates the transition to a universal policy. It is suggested to use the price machine
Based on the system and market mechanism, the new energy sources such as solar photovoltaic are demonstrated.
The policy of gradual transition from application to universal application. Thereby promoting new energy production.
Innovation of key technologies in industry and market, accelerating the development of system integration equipment and photovoltaic.
Architecture and other integrated application technologies and products, forming a large-scale manufacturing capacity. root
According to the "Solar Photovoltaic Building Demonstration Project" and "Golden Sun Demonstration Project" implemented by the state
Project "and the implementation of" Million Roof Power Generation Plan "and" Hundred Roads "
Solar lighting plan "requirements, promote solar photovoltaic buildings and cities.
The implementation of the "Sunshine Roof Demonstration Project" will have a great impact on the planned public buildings.
Industrial buildings and large-scale infrastructure, the implementation of the promotion of solar photovoltaic buildings.
And demonstration application projects, with reference to the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.
Publish the actual subsidy standard of the project. Actively strive to be included in the national "sunshine plan"
The demonstration projects of energy and photoelectric buildings and the golden sun have also been strengthened.
Build a solar photovoltaic demonstration power station, formulate technical standards for the design, construction and acceptance of solar photovoltaic power generation in the construction field, and promote new energy enterprises in Hangzhou.
Demonstration of industrial products in Hangzhou promotes the market through demonstration. Meanwhile, in Hangzhou.
Enter the national "ten cities and thousands of vehicles" energy-saving and new energy vehicle application project pilot city.
City and national "ten cities and ten thousand lights" semiconductor lighting application project pilot city is
Opportunity, vigorously develop energy-saving and new energy vehicles and semiconductor lighting cities
Building demonstration application, alleviating the energy shortage in Hangzhou and creating new energy sources.
The development of source industry has become a new growth point of high-tech industry in our city, benefiting 100.
Surname life makes Hangzhou truly become a new energy-saving city. (3) the main body of the enterprise
1 1 Promote the establishment of the main position of enterprise innovation. New energy industry enterprises are
The absence of technological innovation subject directly restricts the independent technology of enterprises.
The innovation process affects the innovation ability of enterprises.
(1) Thought innovation. We should establish our ideas under the condition of market economy.
Enterprises are the main body of technological innovation consciousness, and encourage and support enterprises from the core.
Main intellectual property rights, transformation ability of scientific and technological achievements, R&D organization and management
Level and enterprise growth (seize the market, prevent risks) and other aspects to carry out new.
Energy technology enterprises set up activities to improve their independent innovation ability and integration.
Competitiveness.
(2) Policy coordination. We can consider enforcing different policies.
The proportion of R&D expenses of large-scale enterprises encourages the establishment of new energy sources.
Science and technology Industry-University-Research technology innovation strategic alliance, through the advantages of new energy technology,
With the leading enterprises in this field as the core, combined with the upstream and downstream enterprises in the industry, high
Universities and research institutes have formed various modes of technological innovation in Industry-University-Research.
Alliance, the establishment of new energy technology cooperation and transfer mechanism.
(3) Coordination of measures. The state should take incentive measures to guide enterprises to increase.
Increase investment in research and development to ensure the dominant position of technological innovation of enterprises. encourage
Enterprises undertake major scientific and technological research tasks of countries, provinces and cities, and have the backbone.
Enterprises are leading enterprises, which drive the technological and product innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises. 2 1 establishes the concept of enterprise technological innovation. Establish the sustainable development of enterprises
The concept of technological innovation is the source to ensure the technological innovation of enterprises. Give priority to profit.
Under the guidance of the concept of development, there is only one purpose of enterprise technological innovation.
In order to get more economic profits, enterprises are ignored in the process of technological innovation.
In the long-term goal of energy industry development, technological innovation lacks sustainable development.
Power base. In order to make the new energy industry get the power of sustainable development, make technology
To gain new vitality, technological innovation must be based on the sustainable development of enterprises.
The concept of technological innovation permeates the ideas and thoughts of long-term development into enterprises and becomes an inseparable part of corporate culture and development strategy. such
The concept of technological innovation meets the requirements of Scientific Outlook on Development and a conservation-oriented society.
Concept, fully consider the economic benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits of enterprises.
Benefit, under its guidance, the technological innovation of enterprises is sustained and consistent.
It conforms to the long-term interests of human society.
3 1 improve the level of technological innovation. Improve the level of technological innovation, suggestion 1
Strengthen the research and development of new energy technologies, improve energy efficiency,
Comprehensive utilization and reuse of energy, and increase the promotion of new energy and new technologies;
On the other hand, vigorously promote new processes and technologies and develop unused energy.
Source to replace the energy that has been and will be exhausted, as far as possible without polluting the environment.
Energy transfer to sustainable green energy. Regard energy conservation as
The breakthrough point of enterprise's technological innovation is to introduce technological innovation into energy saving and energy saving.
Resource utilization and new energy development. (D) Building a technical service platform
The government should focus on cultivating new energy technology industries and popularizing new energy technologies.
Industrial agglomeration and characteristic development of characteristic industrial bases enhance regional competitiveness.
Force. You can establish a new energy industry association and use this platform to help
Help enterprises keep abreast of international technological development and product price fluctuations.
And the development trend of the industry, in order to avoid blind investment and avoid risks in time;
Encourage enterprises and associations to formulate industry standards, including international standards,
Local standards and alliance standards, the photovoltaic industry in Hangzhou has not yet started.
Standard setting work. Encourage and support new energy technology enterprises to actively participate.
And undertake major national projects, major achievements transformation and industrialization projects in provinces and cities.
Objective To implement and give full play to the role of new energy technology enterprises in leading the development of high-tech industries.
Exhibition, support the agglomeration, radiation and leading role of local economic growth, and form production.
Industrial clusters, promote industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading. Strengthen new energy production
Industry development public * * * technical service platform construction, make full use of all kinds of projects.
Key laboratories (such as the State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials of Zhejiang University).
Integrate public scientific and technological resources to form technological innovation services open to enterprises.
A platform to help enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, develop new products and adjust products.
Structure, innovation management and market development. Give further play to the scientific and technological advantages of Zhejiang University.
Parks, innovation and entrepreneurship centers, professional incubators and technology transfer institutions.
Carrier, in leading the development of new energy technology industry and supporting economic growth.
Agglomeration, incubation, radiation and driving effect.