Keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, which are words with substantial meaning to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer systems to index the content characteristics of papers, which are convenient for information systems to collect and provide readers with retrieval. Generally, 3-8 words are selected as keywords for each paper, and a new line is set at the bottom left of the "abstract".

Subject words are standard words. When determining the subject words, we should analyze the theme of the paper and convert it into standard words in the thesaurus according to the rules of indexing and collocation. (See Chinese Thesaurus and World Chinese Thesaurus).

1. Keyword description

Keywords are words or phrases that reflect the theme of the paper, usually arranged under the abstract, and the font size is different from the text. Generally, each article can choose 3~8 keywords, and multiple keywords are separated by semicolons, which are arranged from big to small according to the extension (conceptual scope) level of the entry.

Keywords are generally noun words or phrases, and in some cases there are verb words or phrases.

English keywords corresponding to Chinese keywords should be marked. Chinese comes first, foreign language comes last. Chinese keywords are marked with "keywords:" or "[keywords]"; English keywords are marked with "keywords:".

Key words should be selected from the National Standard Chinese Thesaurus as far as possible; Important terms and names of new disciplines, regions, people and documents that are not included in the glossary can also be used as keywords. Keywords should be general technical terms that can cover the main content of the paper.

2. Method of selecting keywords

The general selection method of keywords is: after the author finishes writing the paper, he selects from its title, hierarchical title and text (high frequency and key words).

Paper text

general idea

⑴ Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface, preface and introduction, is used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction should generally write the author's intention, explain the purpose and significance of the topic, and point out the scope of the paper writing. The introduction should be short and concise, and stick to the theme.

(2) Text of the paper: The text is the main body of the paper and should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusions. The main part includes the following contents:

A. Questions-arguments;

B. analyzing the problem-arguments and arguments;

C. problem solving-demonstrating methods and steps;

D. conclusion.

In order to achieve the purpose of clear hierarchy and clear context, the text is often divided into several large paragraphs. These paragraphs are called logical segments, and a logical segment can contain several small logical segments, and a small logical segment can contain one or several natural segments, so that the text forms several levels. The level of the paper should not be too much, generally not more than five levels.

ask

Taking the graduation thesis as an example, this paper explains the text typesetting format of the thesis:

① There are two blank lines between the text and "keywords";

(2) The Chinese text adopts Song Ti No.4; Times New Roman 12 is used for the English text, No.4 for the bold title in Chinese and No.4 for English, with two spaces at the beginning of each paragraph, 1.5 times the line spacing;

③ The levels between paragraphs should be clear, and the use of title numbers should be standardized. The graduation design of science and engineering majors can determine the specific serial number and level requirements according to the actual situation;

(4) Writing requirements: the writing is fluent, the language is fluent, there are no typos, and there are no questions and remarks that violate political principles. Manuscripts should be printed by computer;

⑤ Chart requirements: all charts, circuit diagrams, flow charts, program block diagrams, schematic diagrams, etc. It is not allowed to draw by hand, but must be drawn by computer or hand according to the work requirements stipulated by the state. The Chinese characters in the chart are in the shape of Xiao Wu Song. English is Times New Roman 10. 5; Chart numbers should be continuous, as shown in figure 1, figure 2, table 1, table 2, etc. The number of the diagram is placed at the bottom of the diagram, the number of the table is placed at the top of the table, and there can be no edges on the left and right sides of the table;

A scientific research achievement or technological innovation is often not accomplished by one person, but also needs the support and help of human, financial and material resources from all sides. So many papers have listed "thanks" at the end. I am mainly grateful for the help I got in the process of completing my thesis, which is a sign of humility and courtesy in academic circles.

refer to

Thesis references are the main documents that can be referenced or cited in research and writing, and are listed at the end of the paper. References should be marked on a new page in accordance with GB77 14-87.