First, Chinese knowledge points
1. Three elements of the novel: character A, plot B and environment C.
2. three elements of argumentative writing: argument a, argument b and argument C.
3. Three elements of metaphor: A noumenon, B vehicle and C metaphor.
4. Six narrative elements (five W+H): when, where, who, why, why and what.
5. Four conditions of metrical poetry: A four-sentence quadruple (head, chin, neck and tail) B even-tailed homonym C couplet dual D flat homophonic.
6. Five ways of expression: A narration B discussion C lyric D description E description.
7. six ways to explain the text: a, for example, compare the numbers c and d in column b, e, and define the category F.
8. Three expositions explain the structure: A total score structure B total score structure C total score structure
9. Explain the sequence of the three expositions: A in chronological order, B in spatial order, and C in logical order.
10. Two basic argumentative structures: A. Asking questions-analyzing problems-solving problems.
B put forward opinions-argumentation opinions-summary opinions.
1 1. Six methods of argument: A demonstration method, B comparison method, C analogy method, D E reduction to absurdity method, F.
12. Eight main rhetorical methods: A metaphor, B personification, C parallelism, D exaggeration, E rhetorical question, F rhetorical question, G repetition and H duality (abbreviated as: metaphor means exaggeration, setting two opposites).
13. Four methods of character description: A appearance description, B language description, C action description and D psychological description (abbreviated as: foreign language temptation)
14. Seven kinds of phrases: A coordinate phrase B modifier phrase C subject-predicate phrase D verb-object phrase.
E verb-complement phrase f verb-object phrase g word phrase (divided into seven categories according to function)
A noun phrase b verb phrase c adjective phrase (divided into three parts of speech)
15. Six sentence components: A subject B predicate C object D complement E attributive F adverbial
16. Twelve parts of speech (sex): a noun, verb, verb, b quantity, generation, c auxiliary conjunction, d auxiliary exclamation.
17. Three narrative modes (sequence): A directly narrates B flashback C insertion.
18. The function of three ellipsis: omit the reference in table A, omit the enumeration in table B, and prolong the interruption in table C.
19. The functions of four kinds of inflections: Table A explains the beginning and end of the order when the sound of Table C is interrupted, and Table D explains the order when it is extended.
20. Four kinds of quotation marks: A refers to the actual content, B refers to satire, and C refers to the specific title.
Table d emphasizes that
Second, the classification of philology
1. Six-step method for text preview: A look up new words and make clear three words. B Read the text and feel the content.
C know the author, grasp the background D, mark the paragraph order and distinguish the structure.
E draw the key sentences, understand the function f, summarize the main idea and summarize the characteristics.
2. Five ways for students to attend classes (listening carefully and taking notes): A listening and B watching.
C, write d and say s.
E thinking (hearing, eyes, hands, mouth and brain are used together)
3. Three-step method of poetry appreciation: knowing people and discussing the world (knowing the author and grasping the background)
Translate and analyze the words (translate the whole poem and analyze the scenery)
Clarify the main points (briefly describe the content and clarify the interests)
4. Four ways to divide the structure of the article: A looking for light and dark clues according to the expression B.
C in chronological order, D in logical order.
5. Analyze the function of eight key sentences: A points out the topic and causes the following (key sentences)
Point out the center, show the main point (central sentence)
Set suspense and stimulate interest (suspense sentence)
D. Connecting the preceding with the following, naturally connecting (turning sentence)
Anaphora, Harmony and Unity (Anaphora Sentence)
Side contrast, indirect contrast (comparative sentence)
G later pave the way, lay a good foundation (foreshadowing sentence)
Enhance language and highlight features (rhetorical sentences)
6. Identify seven types of article writing: A comparative writing B symbolic writing C comparative writing.
D is lowercase, and e is written first and then suppressed.
F combining virtual and real writing g editing narrative editing discussion writing
Summary of 108 polyphonic words that are easy to make mistakes in college entrance examination.
1, Shan: Shan (shàn, surname) said Shan (Chief chán Hun) can only ride a horse, but can't ride a single (dān) car.
2. Discount: These two batches of goods are sold at a discount (zhé) and severely discounted (shé). He can't afford such a discount any more.
3. Drink: Song Wu shouted: "Bring the wine quickly! I want to drink (h) twelve bowls. " Win a drink for the diners (hè).
4. Look: Your (zhāo noun) is really unique. He is eager to do it (zháo verb), but his hands can't do it (zhuó), and his heart is always hanging (zhe).
5. Fancy: Tubo (the predecessor of bū Tibetans) lives in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and Fancy (fán is lush and varied) has developed for thousands of years.
6. Quantity: I have leisure to think about her, but I have no measure to tolerate her. The field measurement (Li × ng) shall be based on the force.
7. stack: He wrote the ideas (tà) that poured in on a pile of (dá) paper in time, and never saw the color of exhaustion (ta).
8. Melting: Shops should also be open at night. It is not good to harvest it too early (in the sun and at night), and it can't be sold after saccharification (in the sun).
According to historical records (zǐ i), Wang Zhaojun is versatile. Every three to five years (zǐ i), she always sings (zǐ i) and dances.
10, exposure: Chen Tao lacked the perseverance to take part in physical exercise and was exposed at the school meeting. He felt very ashamed.
1 1, níng: Although he has never been quiet all his life, he would rather die than surrender and will never stop being quiet.
12, and: the weather is warm (Huo), Xiaohe (hé) is at home, and (huó verb) is stuck with mud; He is very principled. He never confuses others with right and wrong, nor does he agree with others, nor does he shout "Me and (hú)" on the mahjong table.
13, province: If Li dachaǐxǐng, vice governor of Hubei Province, had realized it earlier, he would not have lost his job.
14, awkward: This poem was so awkward that he insisted on not changing it. I was so angry that I broke my pen.
15. Smell: chòu means unpleasant smell, while XiuU means ordinary smell.
16, degree: degree (dù surname) The teacher is generous (dù noun), and always measures himself (duó verb), never measures himself (duó verb).
17, coax: His words, like children, caused people to laugh, and everyone dispersed after hearing them.
18, mourning: He was wearing mourning clothes, worried about the funeral expenses of mourning (sāng), looked depressed (sàng) and hung his head (sàng).
19, poor: every business trip (chāi), poor (chà) is not much, and there will be mistakes (chā).
20. Stab: The fish struggles desperately (zhá), and the fishbone sticks to the hand (zhā). He bandaged at will (zā).
2 1, Bury: He is lazy, but he always buries (mán) and blames others for burying (mái) his head.
22. Sheng: Teacher Sheng invited me to her house to help me cook.
23. Hey: This person is poorly dressed (Chen) and has vulgar language (cāng).
24. Creativity: Those who are brave in creativity will inevitably suffer from creativity.
25. Bo: I am her uncle (bó), not her uncle (bǐ i).
26. Malaria: Malaria (yāo) is a disease of malaria (Nǒ e).
27. Look: Look (kān) The security guard at the door also likes to read (kàn) novels.
28. Banks: Banks (háng) issue (xíng) stocks and newspapers publish (háng) information.
29. Ai: Ai got AIDS that year and felt sorry for herself all day.
30. Handle: You broke (b) the handle of the water tank, so you can't use (b) the handle of the water tank in the future.
3 1, Biography: The Hongmen Banquet is a biography of the Han Dynasty (zhàn) rather than the Tang Dynasty (chuán).
He: Next to He Hua stood a soldier with a gun and live ammunition.
33. Rise: When I said she got a raise, she rose (zh ǐ ng) and shook her head to deny it.
34. Odd number: Odd number () is the most odd number () in mathematics.
35. Cannons: Can red cannons (pào), barrel cannons (bāo) and mutton cannons (páo) be used as medicinal materials?
36. Here: Please give this letter to the head of (gěi) and tell him that the supply of the front line (jǐ) must be guaranteed.
37. Crown: After he won the title of (guàn) army, he was somewhat crowned (guān).
38. Dry: wearing (gān) clean clothes and doing (gàn) dirty work is a bit uncoordinated.
39. Lane: The lane under the mine (hàng) is a bit like the lane of Beijing Siheyuan (xiàng).
40. Dilute: Dilute (bò) oil tastes not dilute (báo) and is very popular, but dilute (bó) oil sells more.
4 1, extension: rubbings rubbings are pronounced tà, rubbings rubbings are pronounced tuò.
42. Evil: This evil dog is really hateful. It smells bad and makes people uncomfortable.
43. Defecation: The director has a big belly (pián) and is inconvenient to move (biàn).
44. Accommodation: Xiao Ming talked about the common sense of the stars all night (xi ǐ) in the accommodation (s ǐ).
45.No.: After being criticized, those trumpet (ho) burst into tears.
46. Tibet: The Potala Palace (záng) in Tibet is a collection of great Tibetan classics (záng).
47. Rolling: The workers in the workshop for rolling (zhá) steel are United, and there is no mutual rolling.
48. Card: This car (K) with drugs hidden in it was stopped when it passed the checkpoint (Qi).
49. Adjustment: If there is any contradiction, it needs to be adjusted first (diào) and then (tiáo) to solve it.
50. Mold: These two porcelain molds (mú) are very similar, as if they were made of one mold (mó).
5 1, no: driving in violation of regulations, the certificate was taken away by the traffic police, and he still looked as if nothing had happened.
52. Shed: I really (shě) can't live without the dormitory (shè) where I have lived for so many years.
53. Yin: Lao Lin's family is well-off, and all kinds of Yin (yān) solid wood furniture are amazing.
54. Return: I must return the book to the library after class.
55. Department: You should (j) wear a red scarf to school and contact (x) young pioneers to participate in activities.
56.False: False (ji m) What shall we do if there is no school holiday on Children's Day (jià)?
57. Surrender: We have a way to make the enemy (Jiang) who fell from the air surrender (xiáng).
58. Preserved: Preserved (pú) and preserved (f) are pronounced differently.
59. Time: Their friendship (jiān) has never been broken (jiàn).
60. Stones: Two stones (dàn) and one stone (shí) are not enough for a truck.
6 1, jìng: Meeting an enemy on the court makes him more energetic.
62. Eggplant: I don't like smoking cigars (jiā), but I like eating tomatoes (qié).
63. Planing: I planed the flat wood (pushed by Bao) and then planed (dug by Bao) peanuts.
64. Bomb: This kind of bomb (dān) has a strong bow bomb (tán) force.
65. Trembling: Hearing the bad news, Xiao Liu shivered and Xiao Zhan shivered.
66. Pick: He took off his shoes (bā) and chased his hand (pá).
67. Three: I lost the information I collected and couldn't write the article.
68. Counting: It is not uncommon for two-year-old children who can count (shǔ) and (shǖ) to count (shǖo).
69. Ginseng: Ginseng (shēn) seedlings are different from Ginseng (cēn), so let Ginseng (cān) watch.
70. Meeting: Today's meeting and working meeting will be over soon.
He winnowed the rice with a dustpan.
72. Scare: The enemy's threat (hè) and scare (xià) cannot defeat him.
73. Obesity: Obesity (pàng) is not entirely due to broadmindedness and obesity (pán), but due to lack of exercise.
74. Rake: You rake the land with pears, and I rake the grass with nails.
75. Waiting: Wait for him while watching.
76, good: good (Hao) likes rest and hate work, good (Hao) is not good as a teacher (h m 40).
77. Cough: Cough (hāi)! Why are you coughing again?
78. Handling: The Academic Affairs Office (chǔ) is handling this issue.
79. Dung: Both the big Dung (dü n) and the small Dung (dü n) are full of food.
There is a crack in the platen of this sewing machine.
8 1, Cheng: It is easy to mix water with Cheng (dèng) but difficult to mix water with Cheng (chéng).
82. Fan: He took a fan (shàn) but fan (shān) to vent his anger.
You must write down your experience in detail.
84. Screen: He screens (bǐng) and hides behind the screen (píng) wind.
85. A few: These (jǐ) coffee tables (jī) and (jī) are falling apart.
86. Roll: The paper (juàn) was lifted by the wind (ju ǐ n) and fell to the ground.
87. Le: The teacher who teaches us music is called Le. He is ready to help others.
88. Yes, he has been looking for it for a long time, and he knows the terrain like the back of his hand (Li O) (Le).
89. Say nothing: Xiao Li said nothing (kēng), but Xiao Wang sang loudly (háng).
90. Stickiness: glue does not stick (nián) and pages do not stick (zhān).
9 1, livestock: livestock (xù) There are many livestock (chù) in the pasture.
92. Weighing: weighing (chèng is the same as "scale"), rod name (Chê ng) and material object (chèn).
93.get: Don't get (Nong) Don't play (Nong) with birds.
94. Two: His brother (Li M) is so good at playing monkeys (Li M).
95. Reveal the secret: As soon as Xiao Yang showed his head, he exposed his target.
96. Heavy: The teacher is very heavy (zhòng). Please say it again (chóng).
97. Evaluation: He never does things hastily (shuài), and his efficiency (lǜ) is always high.
98. Empty: Study hard when you have time and talk as little as possible.
99. Berthing: The ship is drifting in the lake (bó).
100. Chao: I went ahead with (zhāo) and (cháo).
10 1. Bladder: Bladder (páng) Can cystitis make people's bladder (pāng) swell?
102. Proofreading: Colonel (xiyao) went to school (jiao) to find someone to proofread (jiao) the materials.
103. Strong: Xiao qiáng is stubborn, so don't force him to do things.
104. The plug (sài) is not blocked (sè) and the plug (sāi) is not blocked.
105. development: it is not enough to falsely accuse others of feudal restoration (b √), but it is a rumor (p √).
106. Down: the bottle goes down (do) and the water comes out (do).
107. Du: Dadu (noun) Du (adverb) has a large population.
108. Spoon: The spoon and key are on the table.
2011-06-01
1. Mourning is everywhere: it is a metaphor for moaning and crying, and there are displaced victims everywhere. The wailing geese are a metaphor for the victims of sadness and crying.
2. It is better to walk than to ride: in ancient times, it was said that people could be poor and humble. Now it is often used to mean to take a leisurely walk without taking a bus. Ann, take it easy.
3. Be content with the land: be content with your native land and don't want to move easily. Very heavy, very heavy.
4. Ow (Ow) to be fed (b incarnation): describes the tragic situation of hunger. Oh, wail; Hello, hello
5.(b √) Lu Lanlu: Driving a firewood cart and wearing shabby clothes to open a forest. Road, firewood. Blue wisps of rags. Describe the hardships of creation.
6. Obsessed with disability: described as conservative and ignorant of improvement.
7. blink of an eye: it means that time passes quickly, just like a good horse crossing quickly in front of a tiny gap. White pony, good horse.
8. Cup bow snake shadow: a metaphor of paranoia and self-panic.
9. A drop in the bucket: Save a cart of firewood with a glass of water. Metaphor does not help.
10. Chang: There is nothing to spare. Describe poverty or frugality.
1 1. Needless to say, it's not worth mentioning. Modesty.
12. Insufficient training: a standard that is not worth emulating. Training, guidelines.
13. unreasonable: I can't reason with him. Describe arrogance or stubbornness. Metaphorically, make it clear.
14. Spread like wildfire: Metaphorically, news spreads quickly. Tibia, calf.
15. Live up to expectations: you can't convince the masses. Fu's words are convincing.
16. the omission (wéi) is very serious: it means that it is enough to blame or punish people. Too much.
17. No means no separation: neither near nor far. Which means close.
18. neither supercilious nor supercilious: treat people with appropriate discretion, neither supercilious nor supercilious. Humble, low; High, high.
19.buū(láng)buū(yǒu): It means that people are useless and worthless. Weeds in the field.
20. Don't stick to the rules: the metaphor has an original style and doesn't stick to the rules.
2 1. Hu: No one is allowed to interrupt. Beak, mouth.
22. If you don't stop (sāi) from flowing, you can't do it: this is a metaphor. If you don't destroy old ideas and cultures, you can't build new ones.
23. Disapproving: not thinking that you are right includes contempt. Of course, right, right.
24. Carelessness: not paying attention to it, not paying attention.
25. Non-publishing theory: describing unchangeable or indelible words. Publish, delete and modify.
26. No fire, no fire: It means that the opera is not boring, but also urgent. Literature and opera are boring; Fire is a metaphor for urgency and haste.
27. Look sideways: Look sideways at people and don't dare to look straight. Describe the appearance of formality, fear and anger.
28. Superb: The description skill has reached a wonderful position.
29. Enemy at the Gates's League: an agreement with the enemy when Enemy at the Gates can't resist. Generally refers to a treaty that is forced to sign.
30. fear: fear. It was a cliche on the throne of the monarch.
3 1. Once upon a time: not long.
32. The vicissitudes of the past: metaphor has seen the world and neglected ordinary things.
33. Whale swallowing: Eating and swallowing in various ways. (Silkworm, whale, noun as adverbial)
34. A drop in the ocean: the metaphor is very small. Xiaomi, Xiaomi.
35. Take good advice: Take good advice as quickly and naturally as water flows downwards.
36. Make people happy: everyone is happy when the bad guys are punished or hit.
37. Too big is not suitable: although it is big, it is not suitable for use.
Even the smartest people are stupid: some smart and talented people don't show their abilities, but they just look stupid on the surface. It is full of praise.
39. Being a late bloomer means that people who can do great things have to go through long-term exercise, so their achievements are relatively late.
40. due diligence: when you meet something you should do, you should be brave enough to undertake it, neither humble nor arrogant. Benevolence, righteousness and justice are extended to what should be done.
4 1. Looking at Shu from the dragon: it is a derogatory metaphor for insatiable greed.
42. Entering the classroom: refers to the knowledge or skills from shallow to deep, step by step, and gradually reach a higher level.
43. Worship: figurative worship is extreme and derogatory.
44. Make a comeback: Xie An retired from Dongshan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and later held an important position. A metaphor for regaining status after losing power and influence.
45. Cardamom: refers to a woman who is thirteen or fourteen years old. Du Mu's Poems in Tang Dynasty.
46. Going to court: books, written indictments and the like. The audit book was questioned. Be tried in court.
47. eventful autumn: eventful autumn.
48. Hearing and hearing: the ears often listen, the eyes often see, and they are unconsciously affected. Wet.
49. Familiarity: I have heard it many times, so I can elaborate.
50.ear's life is at stake: tell him not only in person, but also through Ear. Describe serious teaching. Say the Book of Songs.
5 1. Red tape: There are many unnecessary ceremonies or ceremonies. This is also a metaphor for redundant locking forms. Text, etiquette, ceremony; Tapirs are numerous and bulky.
52. Unbelievable: it means that words and deeds are extraordinary and beyond ordinary people's imagination. Yi, as usual.
53. Contention: Originally, it meant that the host and guest met, stood on both sides of the courtyard and saluted each other. Now it is used to describe equality and opposition.