In the long-term practice of thesis writing, administrative thesis writing has gradually formed a set of established formats, and has gradually become a relatively stereotyped article structure procedure, which is usually called the "basic type" of thesis structure. This basic article structure, including preface-theory-conclusion, has a syllogism reasoning structure, which looks like formal logic, so it is called "syllogism". The main task of writing graduation thesis is to write preface, theory and conclusion.
First, write a preface.
Preface, also called preface, introduction, introduction or introduction, is the beginning of the paper. The preface of the paper generally includes the background, reasons, significance and purpose of the topic, or the purpose, scope, methods and achievements of the research, and can also briefly introduce the basic viewpoints of this paper and the basic contents of this part. The preface is written in the following way:
A generation.
First of all, explain the background, reason and purpose of the paper. For example, in the preface of the article "On the Employment Security of Disabled Persons under the Condition of Market Economy", it is said that the promulgation and implementation of China's Law on Disabled Persons has fundamentally guaranteed the employment of disabled persons. However, with the deepening of reform and opening up, especially under the current market economy conditions, some new situations and problems have emerged in the employment security for the disabled, which has affected social stability. Paying attention to and properly solving the employment problem of the disabled under the market economy is of great significance for embodying the superiority of the socialist system and promoting economic development, social progress and spiritual civilization construction. This article talks about some superficial views on this issue. (Quoted from students' graduation thesis, the same below).
(2) question type. Ask questions at the beginning, or simply explain the writing background and immediately put forward the problems to be solved in this paper. For example, the preface to the article "Causes and Countermeasures of Brain Drain in State-owned Enterprises":
In today's world, commodity competition, scientific and technological competition and national strength competition are breaking through the boundaries of region and ideology and becoming more and more fierce. In this wave of competition, the competition for talents is the key. When people cheered for the emergence of a large flow of talents in the reform and opening up, state-owned enterprises were frequently in a hurry. Most of the talents flow from state-owned enterprises to non-state-owned enterprises, which makes many directors (managers) of state-owned enterprises feel that they lack skills and cannot keep people. Why are state-owned enterprises in a passive position in talent competition? How can we attract talents? This paper discusses this.
(3) make a point. The preface reveals the basic viewpoints or main contents of this paper. For example, the preface to On Upholding and Improving the Party's Leadership:
The Communist Party of China (CPC) is the leading core of socialist cause and a reliable guarantee for socialist modernization. Upholding the Party's leadership over socialism is a historical conclusion. In order to uphold the party's leadership, the party must strengthen its own construction and further improve its leadership level.
(4) Prompt range formula. The preface points out the scope of this paper. For example, the preface of the article "Building the rural Party branch into a fighting fortress to lead farmers to become rich and well-off" says: 900 million of China 1 1 100 million people are farmers. Without a well-off society for 900 million peasants, there would be no well-off society for the whole country. The construction of rural party branches is the key to make 900 million farmers embark on a well-off road at the end of this century. This paper tries to talk about how to strengthen the construction of rural party branches under the new situation.
(5) Explain the conceptual style. The preface first explains the topic and the basic concepts appearing in the topic and the text. For example, the preface to the Preliminary Study on Potential Losses of State-owned Commercial Enterprises points out that potential losses refer to the amount of potential losses that have been formed during the reporting period but are not reflected in the statements. It generally lurks in the enterprise in the form of material loss, price loss, bad debts and bad debts, and can be converted into clear losses at any time. Latent losses make enterprises inflated profits, falsely issued financial receipts, uncertain assets and distorted information, which cover up the truth of business conditions, encourage short-term business behavior and endanger the survival and development of enterprises; The potential loss erodes the integrity of state-owned assets, distributes the income that should not be distributed, and forms the excessive distribution of national income, which is harmful to enterprises and the country and must be solved.
The above lists are several common methods of writing the preface of graduation thesis, but in fact they are far more than that. The different writing methods of the preface make the graduation thesis present a situation of letting a hundred flowers blossom and bringing forth the new, and avoid the feeling of "a thousand people have one side and a thousand departments have one cavity". But no matter which writing method is adopted, the preface of each administrative paper should meet the following requirements:
First of all, the preface should come straight to the point and get into the subject quickly. Argumentative writing usually requires straight to the point, so that readers can get in touch with the center of the article from the beginning and understand what the basic content of the article is, instead of "digressing Wan Li", which leads readers around the center of the article and makes them confused.
Second, the preface should be fascinating and catch the reader. From the beginning, let readers have a good initial impression on the article and have an interest in reading. This requires the preface to have substantive content and easy to attract readers.
Third, the preface should be concise and powerful. Don't be too long at the beginning, so as not to appear top-heavy and asymmetrical. A complicated and lengthy beginning will make readers have a bad impression and can't bear to read it. The ancients said, "Every sentence sounds like firecrackers." At the beginning, it should be like setting off firecrackers, which suddenly rings and makes people tremble. The text at the beginning of graduation thesis should be concise and powerful.
How to start an article is something that the author often takes pains to do. Writing a good preface is a key step in the integrity of the first draft of the paper, and we must not rush into it.
Second, write this theory well.
This theory is the main part of the paper, the main part of analyzing problems and demonstrating viewpoints, and the most important part of showing the author's research achievements and academic level. The quality of a paper mainly depends on how well this part is written.
The requirements of this part are: first, the arguments are sufficient and convincing; Second, the structure is rigorous and clear; The third is the unity of views and materials. The following are explained separately.
(a) fully demonstrated and convincing.
The main task of this part is to organize arguments to convince people. The author should do everything possible to prove that his point of view is correct and credible. To this end, we must focus on the argument, use the argument, and launch a full demonstration. Argumentation is the process and method of proving the correctness of an argument or the mistake of a hostile argument with arguments. Judging from the nature of the topic, argumentative writing can be divided into argumentation and refutation.
1, parameter
The process of actively stating one's point of view and proving its correctness, so as to establish an argument, is called argumentation, also called proof; Commonly used proof methods are:
(1) argument method is a kind of argument method with facts as arguments and examples, which is usually called "putting facts". Facts speak plainer than words. Let the facts speak for themselves. This is the most commonly used and effective argument method. For example, due to imperfect rules and regulations, chaotic management, unclear delivery procedures and abnormal payment for goods in XX Thermal Power Plant. Individual leaders and supply and marketing personnel accepted bribes, resulting in the factory overpaying 1 1.2 million yuan, which caused great economic losses. (Quoted from students' graduation thesis, the same below)
Use examples to demonstrate, examples should be typical, data should be conclusive, and narrative language should be concise and to the point.