Text/Wang Ming analysis
(essay)
Readers who like China's classical literature, especially Tang and Song Ci, will be familiar with this name, but I'm afraid few people know Li Bingruo. 1979 In the summer, Ye Jiaying, a famous scholar from China, came to give a lecture at Peking University. His paper repeatedly mentioned Xuzhuang Story (see Jialing Ci Review, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1980 edition), but he didn't know who the author was and where it was published. Ms. Ye is an expert in appreciation and research of Tang and Song Ci. It's a little surprising that this happened to her. Fortunately, with this trip to Beijing, she soon knew what was going on. It turns out that the so-called "Xu Zhuang Story" is a book that Li Bingruo named Xu Zhuang's owner "Xu" when commenting on "Flower Collection"!
Li Bingruo (1899~ 1939) published a 226-page review of Hua Jian Ji in Hebei Education Press (1999), with only 4000 copies printed. Huajianji is the earliest extant collection of ancient sayings in China. It contains 500 poems written by 18 poets in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and the editor is Zhao Chongzuo of Shu after the Five Dynasties. In the past, the comments on Huajianji by authoritative literary history were very interesting. On the one hand, I admire the writing skills of these poets, such as Wen and Wei Zhuang, and admit that the words they filled in are gorgeous in literary style and beautiful in melody, but at the same time, I say that these words are narrow in subject matter, empty in content and have no artistic conception. Finally, the point of view is that "Hua Jian Ji's ci style has formed a turbid stream in the history of ci development, which has been affecting Changzhou ci school in Qing Dynasty" (. This kind of review has obvious characteristics of the times and is obviously unfair; Comparatively speaking, the explanation of Ci Yuan is more objective: most of the hedonic works in Huajian Collection are rich in language. Later, it was called flower pie, which was the basis. "
Ordinary readers may not pay much attention to the book "Flower Collection", but some classic masterpieces included in it are likely to be familiar and familiar, such as: "The hills overlap and the gold disappears, and the clouds rush to spend snow. Too lazy to draw a moth eyebrow, too late to make up and wash. According to the mirror before and after the flowers, the flowers set each other off; The new stickers are all gold. " (Text "Bodhisattva Man") "Everyone says that Jiangnan is good, and the wanderer only joins Jiangnan and grows old together. The spring water is greener than the sky, and tourists can sleep on the boat listening to the rain. The fireside is like a moon, and the wrist is frozen with snow. Returning home before you are old will break your heart. " (Wei Zhuang's "Bodhisattva Man") "When the smoke comes in spring, the sky is pale and the stars are low. The waning moon has Zhang Mingliang's face, so don't cry at dawn. Too many words, too many feelings. Looking back, it is still important. Recalling the blue silk skirt, I pity the grass everywhere. " (Niu Xiji's Tea Son) When reading excellent classical poems, it is often "beauty is difficult to talk to you", because the general explanation (including the analysis of some experts) is easy to appear clumsy in such classic texts, and sometimes it can't even express meaning, which ruins the reader's reading interest. It can be appreciated as Wang Guowei's "Ci Hua on Earth", which is both internal and external, and is a literary theory of ancient and modern poetry. Therefore, Li Bingruo's Xu Zhuang Zhu is particularly meaningful for Hua Jian Ji, a book dedicated to collecting ancient words.
It is said that Xu Zhuang Man Ji is a virtual book because it has never been published in a single book. To be precise, it's just the general name of 196 comments written for some words of Huajianji in the name of Xuzhuang Manji. Hua Ping Dian quoted dozens of ancient works, such as Hui Feng, Ci Bian, Hai Kun Weng Shuo, Yu Cun, Hao Lu Hua Ci, Xiang Qi Ci Hua and Lian Zi Ju Ci Hua. This makes it have a strong "long-compiled historical materials" nature in a sense. But after reading this book, I think the most interesting thing is Li Bingruo's appreciation of the commentary. It seems that he deliberately wants to discuss swords with poets and literary critics in the history of literature, and he is only good at picking and choosing. Chen Tingzhuo (1853 ——1892) is a famous poet in the late Qing Dynasty. His works, such as Bai Yuzhai's Comments on Ci, Wang Guowei's Poems on Earth and Kuang Zhouyi's Poems on Huifeng, are quite influential in academic circles. Chen's Five Poems and Ten Volumes on Yi Manuscripts made many wonderful comments on Chinese Ci. When Li Bingruo compiled "Hua Ping Dian", it was also the book that was cited the most. But many times, after he quoted the comments of Bai Yuzhai's ci, he had to comment on Chen Tingzhuo's ci again. It's really interesting to look at this in contrast. There are two "Jiangnan Dream", which, in Tang Xianzu's words, are quite good words of "elegance":
Meng Jiangnan
one
Qianshan hate, hate in the end of the world. I don't know what I'm thinking. Water and wind are empty. Yun Lan swaying oblique.
Secondly,
Wash and dress, rely on Wangjianglou alone. Thousands of ships passed by, and no one expected to appear. Broken-hearted Baipingzhou.
These two small words are not much to say except "Jude is the quatrain of the prosperous Tang Dynasty" in Ci Compilation, and "Bai Yuzhai's Ci Review" is much more detailed: "(These two words) have never worked hard, but the money is inexhaustible, which is also the shame of the gods. I am not satisfied with the ancients. " However, Li Bingruo's Essay on Appreciation of Xu Zhuang Ji Man is as long as 186 words. After comparing and analyzing Chu Ci, he wrote the following admirable articles:
The artistic conception of "nothing in Qian Fan, oblique light full of water" is similar to "Songs of the South". And the sound and feeling are very vague, which makes people very helpless. Liu Ci's "Miss the beauty and look forward to the balcony, miss the sky several times and know the way back to the boat" has been turned out since then, but it shows traces of strangulation. ..... The last sentence of the word Feiqing is really superfluous, and it can be changed again. The word "Guo Jin" is extremely melancholy, and the word "heartbroken Bai Pingzhou" is true and has no aftertaste. Cherish it, cherish it.
Another example is Wen's Bodhisattva Man:
Phoenix is relatively golden, and peony drizzles all night. Spigel has new makeup, light sideburns and a long face.
The painted building is far away, and the willow hangs outside the aperture. If the news doesn't come back, the goose will come back before the club.
The text of Tang Xianzu's appreciation comment in Comments on Huajian Collection is: "The peony sentence says in front of you that you don't know it unless you know it." However, Li Bingre doesn't seem to agree with this, and the letter handwritten a long comment that was both amazing and hilarious:
Fei Qing is used to it ... golden phoenix has a rich expression. In fact, it is nothing more than embroidered gold ears. Fourteen words, it's hard to see them, so why bother? Originally, I wanted to describe it as gorgeous, but it just showed its vulgarity. Just as Jasper, a small family, entered the forefront of renewal for the first time and could only know these things, so she was envious. The word "long face" is particularly ugly, and the long face like a mirror makes people laugh. Therefore, the word turns gold into stone and pure rhyme.
Literary appreciation and literary criticism are different, but Li Bingruo's analysis lacks the characteristics of impressionism comment on China's ancient literary theory, and it is obviously more convincing to add "text analysis". And this kind of long essay is found in almost every page of the review of Huajianji, which is really refreshing and pleasing to the eye. Especially, if we carefully consider his analysis and comments on this famous writer, we can imagine the charming charm of this university teacher who just turned 30 (Li Ruobing was ill when writing this book).
The comments of Huajianji are not only wonderful in the comments, but also informative and interesting in the comments. For example, the word "brothel" is generally thought to be another name for a brothel, but Li Ruobing in Niu Qiao's Bodhisattva Man (where Liu Huafei flies) is in a hurry and the streets are full of beautiful scenery. The curtain of Goldwind opened, and his face was full of waves and hatred. It's hard to dream in a brothel tonight. If you win a sorrow, who will be together in the end? ) tells us: "the word brothel is common in poetry, but it has three meanings. Cao Zijian's poem:' The brothel faces the road', and the ancient Yuefu' The road starts from the brothel' refers to the mansion; Liu Miao's poem:' It is difficult to worry about worshipping women, but it will eventually be a brothel', which means to worship residence; " Shu Qi ":'The Starlight Building of Emperor Wu, painted with blue lacquer, is called the brothel', which is the place where the emperor lived."
Li Bingruo 65438-0924 entered Nanjing Southeast University to study classical literature. His former classmates Qi Hao, such as Tang Guizhang and Zhan Antai, were all famous scholars in academic circles, but it is deeply regrettable that he died young. Since 1930, Li Bingruo has been teaching in the Chinese Department of Shanghai National Jinan University for many years, and later became a professor, with one book of poems by Chu Xuan, one book of poems by Lu Xianqing and one book of poems by Qingmeng Temple. In addition, China literature history (lecture notes), academic papers, short stories, etc. have been scattered. Hua Jian Ji Review was published by Shanghai Mingkai Bookstore, 1935. Because of the war "and the constant political movement" (the postscript to the publication of Huajianji Review), this book is mostly circulated overseas. Photocopy was published in Hongkong in 1960s, and China Youth Publishing House had a great influence in 1980s. Although there is a special article in this book, I don't know why Tang Guizhang's special article has only 35 words! 1993, People's Literature Publishing House sent another photocopy, which also disappeared. Yu Jin's 1999 new edition of Notes on Huajian Collection happened to be found in an old bookstore. At first sight, exquisite printing and binding made me fall in love with it deeply. Reading under the lamp, gambling on things and thinking about people, I often miss that if Li Bing had not died young, I wonder how many masterpieces he would have left for future generations; Especially his sense of art is so good that it is extremely difficult to meet some so-called scholars now! Throughout the ages, celebrities are often down and out before their deaths, leaving them behind, which makes people sad. Therefore, I wrote this article to commemorate them.