China porcelain evolved from pottery, and the original porcelain originated more than 3000 years ago. In the Song Dynasty, famous kilns were spread all over most of China, which was the most prosperous period of porcelain industry. At that time, Ru kiln, Guan kiln, Ge kiln, Jun kiln and Ding kiln were also called the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty, and Chai kiln and Jian kiln were also famous at that time. Blue-and-white porcelain produced in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province, known as the porcelain capital, became the representative of porcelain. Blue-and-white porcelain enamel is as transparent as water, the tire is thin and light, and white porcelain is painted with blue patterns, which is elegant, fresh and full of vitality. Once blue and white porcelain appeared, it was all the rage and became the crown of Jingdezhen's traditional famous porcelain. Blue-and-white porcelain is also called the four famous porcelain, including blue-and-white exquisite porcelain, pastel porcelain and glazed porcelain. In addition, there are porcelain carvings, thin-walled porcelain and multicolored fetal porcelain, all of which are exquisite and unique.
Colored porcelain is one of the great inventions in ancient China. "Porcelain" and "China" are the same word in English, which fully shows that China's exquisite porcelain can be regarded as the representative of China. The production of high-grade porcelain is much more difficult than ordinary porcelain, so the ancient royal family collected a lot of exquisite porcelain. Porcelain, as one of the luxury products in ancient China, has spread to various countries through various trade channels, and exquisite ancient porcelain has been collected by a large number of collectors as an antique with collection value. Some ancient China porcelains have been sold at sky-high prices, but some national treasure porcelains are not in China. When Europeans and Americans get married, they especially like to send high-grade porcelain tea sets.
Tangcikan modeling
The Tang Dynasty was the first peak of the development of China ceramics, and it was also the transitional period of China ceramics from coarse to fine. As a world power, the Tang Dynasty was broad-minded, rich in people and fat in beauty. Influenced by ethnic minorities, the nobles began to use gorgeous and precious gold and silver utensils, which, with their rich and beautiful shapes and vivid and exquisite ornamentation, adapted to the requirements of the aristocratic class for pursuing glitz and extravagance.
In order to conform to the trend and meet the needs of more consumers, imitation gold and silver ware porcelain came into being. Therefore, the porcelain of the Tang Dynasty is influenced by gold and silver wares, full of simplicity and beautiful shape. In addition to the most famous Yue Kiln in Zhejiang and Xing Kiln in Hebei at that time, even Changsha Kiln in Hunan produced a large number of porcelain imitating the shape of gold and silver wares.
The celadon fuming stove in Yue Kiln is shaped like a silver fuming stove and has a base. The craftsmen's superb porcelain-making technology won the favor of the upper class nobles, further promoting porcelain to move closer to gold and silver in many aspects such as modeling and decoration.
Look at the glaze color of Song porcelain.
As we all know, porcelain in Song Dynasty is famous for its glaze color. Among them, the five famous kilns "Ru kiln, Guan kiln, Ge kiln, Jun kiln and Ding kiln" are the most famous, and the glaze color of Ru kiln porcelain is as beautiful as "clouds break after rain". Because precious agate is added to the glaze, the glaze color changes with the light and is as smooth as jade.
Official kilns and Ge kilns naturally have good glaze color, but due to the firing technology, irregular natural opening is formed, which creates the beauty of flaws without covering up Yu. Jun kiln is famous for its colorful and ever-changing glaze color. Ding Yao is the most famous white porcelain kiln mouth in the north, mainly white porcelain.
Yuan blue and white porcelain look at pictures
The decorative patterns of blue and white porcelain in Yuan Dynasty are the synthesis of three major religious cultures: Han, Mongolian and Islam. Its majestic shape, exquisite and elegant ornamentation, steady color, reasonable composition and smart performance all exude strong decorative meaning, occupying an unprecedented position in the history of China ceramics.
Large-scale composition is mainly full and dense, while small-scale composition is sparse. The dense composition can reach up to a dozen layers at most, with clear priorities, giving people an elegant and solemn feeling. Natural and vivid image, relaxed and lively are the characteristics of sparse composition. Decorations in different positions also play different roles. The theme decoration is mostly placed in the most eye-catching position of the organ style, and the auxiliary decoration is painted around the organ style theme decoration or at the mouth edge, shin and foot.
Appreciation and Dyeing of Blue and White Porcelain in Ming and Qing Dynasties
Influenced by the landscape paintings of literati in the Ming Dynasty, a large number of blue-and-white porcelain wares since tomorrow show the freehand brushwork of animals, fish and insects, and their painting style is strikingly similar to that of the famous painter Zhu Da.
Kangxi's blue and white themes are very colorful. In addition to flowers, magpies and ladies in ancient costumes, a large number of people's story paintings with operas and novels as themes are used. Among them, Knife and Horse Man, which depicts the samurai, is the most precious. The painting styles of these characters were deeply influenced by the famous painter Chen Laolian in the late Ming Dynasty.