The original text of Suiyuan Poetry Talk
The study of the pre-Ming Dynasty is not only in the imperial court, but also in poetry. At its peak, Gao, Yang, Zhang and Xu each got married and had no family. One biography is seven sons; Then pass it on to Zhong and Tan for public security. It is also known as Yushan: the rate of attack is light, absolutely ridiculous. Mortals have their own strengths and paradoxes; Always stay calm, stay right and forget the wrong. Think about Qizi, Zhong and Tan. If they were not famous at that time, when Yushan chose the poems of the dynasty, he would look for them in the lonely hometown of decadence and get half a sentence that would last for a lifetime. The enemy will be king, and the horse will be killed first: it is also a burden for those who have a good reputation!
Qian Ming refers to the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644) was the last unified dynasty established by the Han nationality in the history of China. * * * spread to the 16th emperor and enjoyed the country for 276 years. Zhu Yuanzhang established the world first, and the founding of the country was intended to be large and medium. As a result, he prayed to heaven and won the Ming Dynasty, indicating that he inherited the title of "King of Ming and Xiao" from Han and He, also known as Ming and Ming in history and Ming in Qing Dynasty. The territory of the Ming Dynasty included the Han Dynasty, and reached the Sea of Japan and the Outer Xing 'an Mountains in the northeast in the early Ming Dynasty, and then fell to the Liaohe River Basin. North to Yinshan, retreat to the Ming Great Wall; West to Hami, Xinjiang, and then back to Jiayuguan; It faces the Bay of Bengal in the southwest and then turns back to today's Yunnan. A detention center was also set up in the Qinghai-Tibet region to recover Annan. According to the records of the Ming Dynasty, the peak population was 7 1.85 million, but most scholars thought it actually exceeded 1 100 million, and some scholars pointed out that the population was close to 200 million at the end of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty was the golden age after the Han and Tang Dynasties. There were no consorts in the Han Dynasty, no princes in the Tang Dynasty and no coins in the Song Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty. The emperor protected the country and the king died. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty rated Ming Taizu as "ruling the Tang and Song Dynasties", while Ming Dynasty rated Ming Chengzu as "Yuan Mai Han and Tang Dynasties".
High means high gas. Gao Qi (1336 ~ 1373) was a poet in the Ming dynasty. The word Jidi,No. Tea House. Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) people. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he lived in seclusion in Qingqiu on the Wusong River, so he was named Qingqiuzi. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, he was ordered to enter the DPRK to revise the history of the Yuan Dynasty, and was awarded editing by the Hanlin Academy. In the third year of Hongwu (1370), Zhu Yuanzhang planned to appoint him as the right assistant minister of the Ministry of Finance, but he refused to go and returned to Qing Dynasty as a disciple to support himself. But Zhu Yuanzhang suspected that his poems satirized himself and made him jealous. Poetry combines the strengths of many families without bigotry. However, from Han Wei to Song Dynasty, he died in his prime and failed to create an independent style. Poetry reflecting people's life is simple and true, full of life breath. The works that hang in the past or express hugs have deep feelings and unrestrained style. Gao Qi is a detached Geng Jie, whose thoughts are based on Confucianism and influenced by Buddhism and Taoism. He hates state affairs and does not envy fame and fortune. Wei Guan, the magistrate of Suzhou, restored the old base of the government, and Gao Qi wrote Liang Wen for this purpose; Because the old government base was originally the site of Zhang Shicheng Palace, someone falsely accused Wei Guan of disloyalty and Wei was punished. Gao Qi also suffered a collective punishment and was beheaded and died. Gao Qi's works, a large number of poems, the first five episodes, more than 2000; Later, it was self-edited as Song Ming Ji, with a total of 937 songs. In the first year of Jingtai (1450), Xu Yong collected his legacy, compiled it into 18 volume, and copied it in four books today. Gao Qi's ci was compiled into Bian Bian Ji, and the text was compiled into Nianyu Ji, which was published in the world. The Preface to the Collection of Fengtai is preserved in Coral Wood Difficulty, which is the only existing poetic paper commenting on Gao Qi in Jinling. Remember the two women among the guests;
Every time I think of waiting in front of the door, I dream of flying in the long night.
Anticipating this time, I will still follow my mother and send the clothes to the lamp.
Yang, refers to Yang Ji. Yang Ji (1326 ~ 1378) was a poet in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. The word Meng Zi,no. Mei 'an. His ancestral home is Jiazhou (now Leshan, Sichuan), his eldest father is Jiang Zuo, and his ancestral home is Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), one of the "four outstanding people in Wuzhong". At the end of Yuan Dynasty, he entered the Zhang Shicheng shogunate, served as the secretary of the Prime Minister's Office, and later resigned. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, I was a magistrate of Xingyang County, and I was tired of being an official in Shanxi Province. Later, he was deprived of his official position and sentenced to hard labor. Died in the factory. Yang Ji's poetic style is delicate and delicate, among which the five-character poem "The Story of Yueyang Tower" has a broad realm, and people call Yang Ji a "five-character archer". When I was young, I wrote "On Sword" with hundreds of words. I also wrote the poem "Iron Flute" at Yang Weizhen's desk. At that time, Wei Zhen had become a celebrity, and praised Yang Ji doubly: "I think the realm of poetry is deserted. Now it's time to let my son go. " Yang Ji, Gao Qi, Changyu and Xu Ben were friends of poetry, and they were also called "four outstanding poets in Wuzhong" at that time. Yueyang Tower:
Baling is drunk in spring and the Dongting is dry. Water swallowed three Chu white, mountain met nine doubts.
Di Zi's open mind and ichthyosaur-like appearance are the soul. Who plays the flute at night, the wind and rain are invisible.
Zhang refers to Zhang Yu. Zhang Yu (1333- 1385) was a scholar in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. The word to the instrument, more attached to the phoenix, lived quietly in Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi), and then moved to Xing Wu (now Huzhou, Zhejiang). Together with Gao Qi, Yang Ji and Xu Ben, they were called "Four Outstanding Persons in Wuzhong", and together with Gao Qi, Wang Xing and Xu Ben, they were also called "Ten Outstanding Persons in the Northland", which was also one of the ten outstanding persons in the early Ming Dynasty. The official is too common, and the Mi's father and son are magnificent and elegant, and they have the collection of quiet houses. Zhang Yuhongwu went to Beijing in his early years and was not liked by Zhu Yuanzhang. Hongwu four years (137 1), he went to Beijing again, but was released because he didn't respond. Re-levy and grant Taichang Sicheng. Zhu Yuanzhang personally narrated the facts of King Chu Yang and ordered Zhang Yu to write a temple monument. In the eighteenth year of Hongwu (1385), he was demoted to Lingnan and was not recalled halfway. He died in Longjiang, tied up and thrown into the Yangtze River and drowned. Zhang Yu's writing style is good, his words are refined and elegant, and his poems are thoughtful and refined, simple and elegant. Calligraphy is delicate and interesting, just like Yuefu in Xie Zhuang. Li Shu imitated Han Zemu and copied Wang Xizhi's Cao E Monument in regular script. Although not refined, it can be refined into elegance. Painting mountains and rivers, Fami and his son, tall, light and beautiful brushwork, the product is in the square. Orchid leaf ode:
Tears and dew are messy, including wind shadows.
The layman can understand this, and look at Ye Sheng and flowers.
Xu, Xu Ben (1335- 1380) was born in Piling, South Zhili (now Changzhou, Jiangsu). Later, he moved to the north of Pingjiang (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) and became a painter and poet in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties. One of the four outstanding figures in Wuzhong and one of the ten gifted scholars in the early Ming Dynasty. Zhang Shicheng resisted Yuan and recruited him as his subordinate. After Zhang Shicheng's death, Waben and Changyu took refuge in Xing Wu (now Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province). In the seventh year of Hongwu (1374), he was recommended to go to the DPRK, and in the spring of Hongwu's ninth year (1376), he was appointed as the ambassador of Jin and Ji. He has served as an imperial envoy, a minister of punishments, a member of the Guangxi Senate, and a political envoy of Henan Zuo Bu. In the 11th year of Hongwu (1378), the army conquered Tao Min, crossed the border with the army, and was rewarded with lost time and imprisoned. In the 13th year of Hongwu (1380), he was executed for "being an evil teacher". Lotus on the pool after the rain;
The pool is sunny occasionally, and the lotus is lonely and cold.
Don't get tired of the feeling of autumn, if you complain more in spring breeze.
Seven sons originally meant seven representatives. Seven sons are pointed out here. The seven sons of Ming Dynasty can be divided into "the first seven sons" and "the last seven sons". The top seven scholars include He Jingming, Bian Gong, Kang Hai, Wang and He. In order to distinguish the seven sons, such as Li Panlong and Wang Shizhen, who appeared in the late Jiajing period and Qin Long period, the world called them "the first seven sons". The last seven scholars in Jiajing period were Wang Shizhen, Xie Bang, Zong Chen, Liang Youyu, Xu Zhonghang and Wu. Because there were seven people before them, such as Li Mengyang, they were also called the last seven sons and Jiajing seven sons. The word "the last seven sons" often refers to the literary genre represented by the seven sons. Divided into the first seven sons and the last seven sons. The first seven scholars emphasized the study of articles in Qin and Han dynasties, praised Han and Wei in ancient poems, and prospered the Tang Dynasty in the wind of patriarchal clan system. They opposed the style of Li Qi's Taige, eight-part essay and poetry that flooded the literary world, and advocated cleaning up Chen Xiangyin's poetic style. It was progressive at that time. The latter seven sons inherited the literary thoughts of the former seven sons, and also emphasized that "literature must be in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and poetry must flourish in the Tang Dynasty". Taking the Han, Wei and Tang Dynasties as a model, it is more absolute than the first seven scholars to say that "literature begins in Xijing, poetry falls from Tianbao, and there is no sufficient view" and "there are no words after Han Dynasty and no words before Han Dynasty". In this respect, Wang Shizhen (1526- 1590), as the master of the latter seven sub-theories, is even more outstanding. He put forward: "Thinking is the use of talents, tune is the realm of thinking, and case is the realm of tune." ("Yi Yan Yuan Yan" Volume 1) Further talk about style in combination with talents. He also advocates that both poetry and prose creation should attach importance to the principle of "law", and the implementation of "law" in specific works has specific emphasis on diction, syntax and structure. The retro style, main style, expression degree of the last seven poets are mutually advertised, with a wide portal and greater momentum, thus pushing the retro tendency of Ming literature to a climax.
Zhong refers to Zhong Xing. Zhong Xing (1574— 1625) was a writer in the Ming dynasty. The word Bojing,No. Tuigu, was born in Huguang Jingling (now Tianmen City, Hubei Province). Thirty-eight years of Wanli (16 10), Jinshi. He used to be the minister of the Ministry of Industry. In the forty-fourth year of Wanli (16 16), he climbed Mount Tai with Lin Gu. Later officials went to Fujian to study. Soon he resigned and returned to China, studied behind closed doors and entered the temple in his later years. He is cold and doesn't like to meet vulgar guests, so he has to thank others and study history books. He and fellow villager Tan * * * chose Tang poetry and ancient poetry, and became famous for a while, forming Jingling School, which is famous for Zhong Tan. The former regrets (three first choices).
Fear of knowing your heart, fear of knowing your meaning.
It's not about lovers, and there's no sadness.
Tan refers to Tan. Tan (1586 ~ 1637), a native of Huguang Jingling (now Tianmen City, Hubei Province), was named Friends of Xia, Guwan and No. Gu Weng. The first Apocalypse Scholar in Ming Dynasty, together with Zhong Xing, was the founder of Jingling School. His thesis attaches importance to the spirit of nature, opposes imitating ancient times, and advocates a deep and lonely style. His works are also indifferent, including The Collection of Tan Youxia. A bottle of plums
It was put in the bottle for more than ten days, but it was too late to open it. If you don't borrow the spring breeze, there will be no rain at night.
Fragrance comes from purity, and rhyme comes from loneliness. The trees in the mountains are still unknown to tourists.
Public security refers to the public security faction. The School of Public Security is a literary school represented by Yuan Hongdao, his brother Yuan Zongdao and his brother Yuan Zhongdao during the Wanli period of Ming Shenzong (1573- 1620), and it was named after three Hubei public security people. Other authors of this school include Jiang Yingke, Tao Wangling and Huang Hui. Their literary ideas are in direct opposition to the ancient customs of the former seven sons. They put forward the literary development view that "the world has changed, so has literature", and also put forward the theory of "spiritual spirit", demanding that their works "express their spiritual spirit independently, not stick to any model" and express their thoughts directly without carving. Their prose opened up a new field of China's prose with a fresh and lively style. In the field of poetry and prose in the late Ming dynasty, the "public security school" is the most powerful.
Yushan refers to Yushan Poetry School. Southeast Poetry School named after Yushan Mountain in Changshu in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Headed by money, including his favorite students Feng Shu, Feng Ban, Qu Shizhen, clansman Sun, Qian Liu and so on. The biggest feature of Yushan Poetry School is to learn from each other's strengths, actively advocate poetry innovation, learn from each other's strengths, and form its own style, which has made certain contributions to the prosperity of poetry circles in Southeast China.
Yushan, also refers to money. Qian (1582101October 22nd-1664 June 17), whose real name is Mu Zhai and Meng Cuo, is an old man. Scholars call Mr. Yu Shan. One of the top poets in the early Qing Dynasty. Luyuan Xipu, Changshu County, Suzhou (now Luyuan Xipu, Tangqiao Town, Zhangjiagang City). Ming Wanli Jinshi (Hua Tan, the third in Jiajia Middle School). At the beginning of Chongzhen, the official was assistant minister of does, and Hong Guang was the minister of does. In Qing dynasty, assistant minister of rites was in charge of secretariat affairs. At the beginning of Shunzhi, he was arrested and imprisoned for being involved in Jiangyin Huang Uprising, and was released the following year. Naturally, I stayed at home, built a crimson cloud building and proofread my works with books. Poetry was quite famous at that time, and the southeast area was regarded as "literate Sect". In the forty-four years of Qianlong (1779), Qian's writings were classified as "writers' poems", and all those included in the county annals were deleted. 1666, Qian died in Hangzhou at the age of 83 and was buried at the southern foot of Yushan Mountain.
Liu (1618-65438+July 2 1 0664), whose real name was Yang, was later renamed Liu, whose real name was Yin, and was later renamed Yes, because he read Xin Qiji's words: "I see the green hills are beautiful, but I hope the green hills will see me", hence the name. Also known as "Hedong Jun" and "Wu Hongjun", shengze town native was born in the 46th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 16 18) and was sold to Xu Fojia, a famous prostitute in Guijiayuan, shengze town, as an adopted daughter. Educated, Liu Shi is good at seven words, and he has both the brushwork of Yu Shinan and Zhu Suiliang. After marrying Qian, Liu Ruyuan became a stepmother. Qian called his family "madam" instead of "aunt", and he called Wei Liu "Hedong Jun".
Poetry in the dynasty is actually poetry in the dynasty. Selected poems of Ming dynasty. Editor-in-chief Qian in the early Qing Dynasty. The Collection of Poems of Past Dynasties is scheduled to be compiled in Ming and Qing Dynasties, with poems of 278 years in Ming Dynasty selected, with 8 1 volume and more than 600 people selected. The book is divided into four episodes: A, B, C and D. In addition, the poems of the emperor are listed as "dry episodes" at the beginning, the poems of monks, Taoists, women, imperial clan and foreign countries are listed as "leap episodes" at the end of the volume, and the poems of the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty are listed as "previous episodes" after the dry episodes. The Collection of Poems in Jin Dynasty was compiled after Yuan Haowen's Zhongzhou Collection, aiming at preserving the history and documents of a generation of poets. Therefore, its editing style is like Yuan Haowen's practice, with poetry as the key link and people as the foundation. The selected works are generally the representative works of the author, and occasionally poems are used to save the characters. Biographies of each author introduce Li Jue's life and evaluate the gains and losses of his works, which are rich in information, and some accounts are rare historical materials today, which are precious. Poems of Past Dynasties was published by Qian's Jiangyun Building in the early years of Qing Kangxi, and was soon banned and rarely circulated. It was not until Xuan Tong Geng Xu (19 10) that it was reprinted according to the original edition.
Jiang Fang means existence; Future. Language "Poetry, Style and Jane": "Jane, Jane will make you dance."
My translator:
The bad habits of the Ming Dynasty are not only purely above the imperial court, but also writing poems. In the heyday of poetry creation in Ming Dynasty, Gao Qi, Yang Ji, Zhang Yu and Xu Ben had their own schools. However, after them, it first spread to the Seven Scholars of Ming Dynasty, then to Zhong Xing, Tan (collectively known as Jingling School), Gongan School, and then to Yushan School. They all attack each other, repel each other, vilify each other and accuse each other, just playing their own banner, which is really ridiculous. Everyone has his own strength and correctness and his own absurdity. We should treat others and ourselves calmly, keep correct and correct mistakes. Imagine Ming Qizi, Zhong Xing and Tan Yuanchun. If they were not famous at that time, why did Qian go to the unknown backcountry of decadence and wild mountains to collect their words when compiling poems of dynasties, so as to write a biography for future generations? If you kill the enemy, you must kill the enemy king first, and if you shoot people, you must shoot the horse first. If you have any questions about the portal, you must first criticize and block the person in charge of the hostile portal. The disappearance of poems such as Seven Sons of Ming Dynasty, Zhong Xing and Tan are all caused by their pursuit of fame and their involvement in their own fame!