1, the meaning of quantitative change and qualitative change

"Don't step, not Wan Li road. You can't become a river without a small stream. Teacher: "What does Xunzi's famous saying tell us?

① Compared with "Front" and "Li Qian" and "Xiaoliu" and "Jianghai", the former is undoubtedly a small and insignificant change; The latter is a huge and significant change. ② From the gradual accumulation to the great change of a journey of a thousand miles, from the trickle accumulation to the great change of rivers, lakes and seas, this is a fundamental change in the nature of things.

It can be seen that the movement and change of anything always starts with small and insignificant changes, and then gradually accumulates to achieve major and fundamental changes. In philosophy, this gradual and insignificant change of things is called quantitative change; The major and fundamental change of things is called qualitative change.

Who can think of some concrete examples of qualitative change caused by quantitative change in daily life?

For example, from ice to water, from water to steam; From seeds to seedlings, from seedlings to towering trees; Chickens are hatched from eggs, and chickens are born; From poverty to wealth, from bitterness to sweetness; From the masses to prosecutors and so on.

As you can see from your example, everything in the world is the unity of quantitative change and qualitative change. Quantitative change and qualitative change are two states of things.

2. The causes of qualitative change caused by quantitative change

Demonstration experiment of water changing from liquid to gas: As we all know, water changing from liquid to gas is a change of physical properties. Then, by observing the experimental phenomenon, let's think about it: what is the reason why water changes from liquid to gas? Then continue to think: what is the reason why quantitative change causes qualitative change?

-It's heating.

In fact, heating is the external condition (external cause) that causes qualitative change, and the thermal movement of water molecules is the fundamental reason (internal cause) that causes qualitative change.

With the increase of water temperature, the thermal movement of water molecules becomes more and more intense, and the diffusion trend of water molecules eventually exceeds the condensation trend of water molecules, rising to the main aspect of contradiction, and liquid water becomes gaseous water vapor. Internal cause is the basis of the change and development of things. The quantitative change of things and the qualitative change caused by quantitative change are all caused by the struggle between the contradictory parties in things. When the two contradictory aspects of things are in a state of gradual and insignificant power change, and the state of the two contradictory aspects has not changed fundamentally, things are still in a state of quantitative change; When the primary and secondary status of both sides of the contradiction changes fundamentally, the quantitative change of things causes qualitative change, the nature of things changes, and things of one nature become things of another nature.

3, the principle of the relationship between quantitative change and qualitative change

The story of "Hungry people eat cakes": In ancient times, a traveler was so hungry that he bought a biscuit to eat. After eating, he felt sick and bought another one to eat, but he was still hungry. So I bought and ate, and ate six in a row. I felt not full enough, so I bought another one. I'm full when I've only eaten half of this biscuit. At this time, he was very upset, slapped himself in the face and blamed himself: "how can I not live!" The previous six cookies were wasted! I know that half a baked wheat cake is enough for me. Why should I eat six? " After listening to this story, let's think about it: What's so funny about this hungry man?

Hungry people don't understand the relationship between quantitative change and qualitative change.

Yes! Hungry people from hunger to fullness is the unity of quantitative change and qualitative change. Hungry changes begin with quantitative change, and then reach qualitative change through the accumulation of quantity. Quantitative change is the premise and necessary preparation for qualitative change, and qualitative change is the inevitable result of quantitative change. Hungry people don't eat one quantitative change after another, and there will be no qualitative change when they eat the seventh. Qualitative change is the result of quantitative change. Visible,

The change and development of everything starts with quantitative change. Without quantitative change, there will be no qualitative change, and quantitative change is the premise and necessary preparation for qualitative change. When the quantitative change of things reaches a certain level, it will inevitably lead to qualitative change, which is the inevitable result of quantitative change.

4. Two basic forms of qualitative change caused by quantitative change.

There are two basic forms of qualitative change caused by quantitative change. First, the increase or decrease of things will cause qualitative change; Second, changes in the structure and arrangement order of the components that make up things will also cause qualitative changes.

You can draw a stick figure yourself and change the facial features of people on the screen. Crying can turn into laughter.

-The quantity of things remains unchanged as a whole, but changes in the composition structure of things will also cause qualitative changes.

Macao is about to return to the motherland. A Macao compatriot said excitedly: 1999, 19. As soon as February 20th, we jumped from "China people in Macau" to "China Macao people". Please point out how the materials express the feelings of Macao compatriots. What is philosophy?

"China people in Macau" and "Macau people in China" are the same six Chinese characters. It is only because of the different arrangement order that two completely different feelings of Macao compatriots are expressed: "infinite sadness at losing sovereignty" and "incomparable pride in returning to the motherland". This is the case, and the change of the arrangement order of components can also cause qualitative change.

5, quantitative change and qualitative change cycle to infinity.

Things go through a process from quantitative change to qualitative change. Is the change and development of things over?

Everything in the world changes and develops from quantitative change. The accumulation of equivalent to a certain extent will inevitably lead to qualitative change. However, the process from quantitative change to qualitative change does not mean the end of the development and change of things, and new things have started a new quantitative change. When new things change to a certain extent, they will cause new qualitative changes. Things are constantly experiencing the cycle of "quantitative change-qualitative change-new quantitative change-new qualitative change ...", from low to high, from simple to complex, and endless development.

What needs to be pointed out here is that "a certain degree" refers to the critical point of things from quantitative change to qualitative change (as mentioned above, 0℃ and 100℃ are the critical points of water turning into ice or gas), and the quantitative change of things within the two critical points will not cause the qualitative change of things and will not change the nature of things; "Inevitable cause" refers to the situation that the power of both sides of the internal contradiction changes to a certain extent, which will inevitably lead to the change of the status of both sides of the contradiction and the qualitative change of things.