The characteristics of parallel circuit mainly include:
The terminal voltage of all parallel elements is the same voltage, that is, V in the illustrated circuit.
The total current of the parallel circuit is the sum of the currents of all components. In the circuit shown, I is the total current, i 1, i2 and i3 are the currents of elements 1, 2 and 3 respectively, and i=i 1+i2+i3.
Example: Civil lighting bulbs are all connected in parallel to the power supply with rated voltage of 220V, so the voltage borne by each bulb is 220V, and the total current of the external circuit is the sum of the currents flowing through all bulbs.
Series connection is one of the basic ways to connect circuit elements, which means that the elements or components in the circuit are arranged in such a way that all the current passes through each element or component without shunting.
The electrical appliances of the circuit are connected in sequence.
The current of 1. series circuit is equal everywhere: I always = L 1 = L2 = L3 =...= LN.
2. The total voltage of the series circuit is equal to the sum of all voltages: Utotal = U 1+U2+U3+...+UN.
3. The equivalent resistance of the series circuit is equal to the sum of resistances: r total = r 1+R2+R3+...+RN.
4. The total power of the series circuit is equal to the sum of the powers: Ptotal = P 1+P2+P3+...+PN Derivation:
5. The reciprocal of the equivalent capacitance of the series capacitor is equal to the sum of the reciprocal of each capacitor capacitance:
6. In a series circuit, all other physical quantities are in direct proportion (
Series circuit is also called voltage divider circuit): (The work done by current refers to the magnitude of current in the same time) r1:R2 = u1:U2 = p1:P2 = w1:W2 = q1:Q2.
7. In a series circuit, the greater the resistance of an electrical appliance, the greater the voltage across the electrical appliance.
8. The switch controls the whole circuit at any position, that is to say, its function has nothing to do with its position. There is only one path for current, and the current flowing through one lamp must flow through another lamp. If one lamp goes out, the other lamp must also go out.
9. In a circuit, if you want to control all circuits, you can use series connection.
10. In a series circuit, as long as a part is disconnected, the whole circuit becomes an open circuit. That is, the electronic components connected in series cannot work normally.