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Keywords: sentimental feelings of untitled poems
First, Li Shangyin's life and poetic style
Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was named Yishan, Yuxi Sheng and Fan Nanzi, and was born in Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang, Henan). Beginners of ancient prose, appreciated by Hu Ling of Niu Party, entered the shogunate to study parallel prose. Open two years (837), with the help of Hu Ling. The following year, our ambassador to Jingyuan, Wang Maoyuan, a member of the Li Party, was appointed as the shogunate general, and Qi took him as his wife. Therefore, he was pushed out by the Niu Party and moved to the shogunate of each buffer region, and he was frustrated all his life. Li Shangyin's life is helpless. Looking through the historical materials recording his life story, we can see the reasons and themes of the spiritual reality of his bumpy life. From the dispute between scholars and Confucianism to the dispute between cronies, and then to being excluded and exiled, Li Shangyin was involuntarily involved in the torrent of history and could not extricate himself. When he was alone, he couldn't bear to look back, and writing poems became a portrayal of his helplessness and sadness.
Li Shangyin is one of the outstanding poets who have always used figurative techniques. His creative personality is also complex, and the depth of his poetic style stems from his complex creative personality. He is good at learning from the previous generation of poets, and gradually formed his own unique style after repeated brewing. He inherited Du Fu's literary thought of "learning from many teachers", strongly opposed "coincidence" and advocated "combining materials", but his so-called "combining materials" was not a hodgepodge, but had his own ingenuity. He believes that a writer should "take the main road regardless of the present, and write for the sake of literature", and oppose the old saying that "a scholar must learn the law" ("Dedicate Zhao Haoqi Hedong Qigong") is confined to the Confucian "Tao flow". He believes that an article that reflects the true feelings must be a work of "chanting and conveying the spirit". The writer's objective environment is different, and his "spirit" is different, so the reflection in his works is that "Yin and Yang participate in Shu, and the Tao is different; There are thousands of sources of happiness and sadness. " "Divergence" and "thousand" both show that Li Shangyin saw a poem with real creative personality and could express the author's unique "spirit". At the same time, he should learn from others and not fall into "accident". The practice of Li Shangyin's poetry creation proves that this is indeed the case. His classical poems mainly draw lessons from Li He, but sometimes he adopts the methods of Zuo Si, Gao Shi, Cen Can and Han Yu. His seven laws mainly draw lessons from Du Fu, but occasionally draw lessons from Liu Yuxi's strong and charming strengths. His four-line poems draw lessons from Li Bai's elegance and Wang Changling's profundity, and even draw lessons from the exquisiteness of some poets in "Ten Talented Scholars in Dali".
Second, the style of Li Shangyin's untitled poems
Li Shangyin is famous for writing poems, and Li Shangyin's poems are famous for being untitled.
Untitled poems refer to some of his poems named "Untitled" and titled "Beginning of Poetry". These poems are not only rich in connotation and chewy, but also have rich and colorful aesthetic value.
There are about 600 poems written by Li Shangyin, among which political poems are full of allegory and depth. There are many poems that directly touch the current politics, especially "Hundred Rhymes in the Western Suburb", which traces the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty's 200-year rule from the broken countryside and poor people's livelihood. His style is close to Du Fu's poems, and his epic satirizes the present and makes great achievements. His lyric poems are deep, delicate and sentimental. Untitled poems are his original works. Most of them take the lovesick love of men and women as the main line, with gentle and sincere feelings and elegant and beautiful words. For example, "Last night's stars and last night's wind" and "Time was long before I met her, but it was longer after we parted", some poems are difficult to express. In addition, there are a few erotic articles that are frivolous and frivolous. These poems are not written in one place at a time, and there is no unified idea running through them. Most of them belong to the situation that the meaning in the poem is inconvenient to say, or the meaning is complex and can't be said, so it is called "untitled" Because it is obscure and tortuous, there have been different explanations for thousands of years. Some people think that it should belong to fables, while others think that they are all endowed with abilities. This poem is the title of pursuing poetry. It should be the direction, refinement or generalization of the connotation of poetry, just like the eyes of poetry. Untitled poems, whose contents are fan-shaped or tend to radiate, seem ambiguous and vague, but they contain some hints or ideas. His Untitled, A * * * has about twenty songs, which does not account for a large proportion in his whole creation. However, their influence on later generations exceeded his other poems. Li Shangyin's untitled poems take seven laws as the main form. This kind of theme is characterized by deep and graceful lyricism and implicit artistic conception.
Sentimental sentiment is a great tradition of emotional expression in Chinese literary works, which has been continuous since Song Yu's Nine Arguments. The decline of society, the lack of people's livelihood and the turmoil of the country in the late Tang Dynasty made people's attention to the outside world turn to the examination and appreciation of the individual's heart. Therefore, social reality has caused a mountain of melancholy and sad feelings. Taking the situation of two emotions as an aesthetic perspective, or worrying and sighing, or thinking in a different place, or touching the joy of two emotions, is often persistent in hopelessness. Condensed in confusion, it is clear, dim but not depressed, and it is vacant and more stubborn. The poet is delicate and sentimental. His love poems, represented by Untitled, mostly convey a feeling of special love life without certainty and purpose. Among them, the poet is either integrated into the life experience, or injected with his own fantasy, or nothingness, or summed up as "it is narcissistic, golden and dark, how far can a pomegranate flower whisper?" ("Untitled"), and poured sentimental emotions into Alan Yu's magnificent poetic landscape, blending into deep and beautiful feelings in various ways, forming a kind of sad beauty.
Compared with the poets after the Song Dynasty, Li Yishan, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, likes and is better at judging human feelings, world situations and current situation with a unique eye, expressing his feelings and showing the poet's unique personality charm. Li Shangyin's untitled poems are mostly works of lovesickness, describing the yearning and pursuit of love between the hero and heroine. They returned disappointed, with a strong tragic color, showing all kinds of complicated thoughts and emotions. As far as some specific poems are concerned, "two untitled poems" and "a wisp of faint phoenix tail yarn, with double fragrance, mourn for Mochou Hall" express the girl's expectation and self-injury when she is lovesick. The four-line poem Untitled contains the sadness and emotion of not enjoying music in the world. All of these, Li Shangyin's untitled poems mostly show the misfortune of love, the parting and obstacles, expectation and disappointment, persistence and lingering, depression and indignation in love life, and vent the leading sentimental feelings everywhere.
Li Shangyin's love is not very clear. "I have known her for a long time, and I have broken up with her for a long time. The east wind is powerless, and the spring silkworm dies, and the candle tears are exhausted every night." The original intention of this untitled poem is hazy. I don't think this is the frustration or frustration of love. It is not too much to understand his real life as the frustration of his official career and the helplessness of life.
Third, the deep meaning of untitled poems
For a poet, the mood that triggers a poem is like lightning, in order to resist the self-destruction and degeneration of death in a long and boring life. At this radiant moment, in the weightlessness caused by falling into the infinite abyss, the poet's emotions penetrated into the daily language world and entered the eternal surge of life. In this overwhelming wave, the singing and calling of talented poets turned into poetry. Once such a poem is completed, it will get rid of the poet and the mood when writing it. Like a black hole, isolated, burning and self-sufficient.
Wang Shizhen, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, said: "Rex Festival once shocked Boao, and an article" Jinse "is difficult to understand." (Yu Yang Ji) Of course, this emphasizes the profound implication of Li Shangyin's poems on Jinse, but it may be considered that many of Li's poems are also quite difficult to understand.
Li Shangyin's poems, especially some of his "untitled" poems, are indeed characterized by confusing imagination and profound sustenance in artistic conception. Some works are really difficult to understand, and some works often need careful consideration to sort out the context, which is different from those poems that are clear at a glance. Some of these characteristics are formed because the symbols and comparison techniques used by the author are obscure, but some of them are also because the poetry is implicit and deep, which needs readers to discuss and chew carefully.
Who can say that Li Shangyin's life is not carefree? "Although my body doesn't have bright phoenix wings, I feel the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn"? The lonely ups and downs of his life are connected with his soul? Li Shangyin went through his life alone and helpless. With yearning for untitled and inner sadness, his fate has also become complicated with untitled.
A thousand years ago, Li Shangyin's untitled feelings could not accompany the passage of time, but his silent words carried his heart across the vast history. Untitled poems are the condensation of his life's fate. "And a moment that should last forever came and went unconsciously", and his untitled complex in his life was melancholy and reminiscence.
References:
1. Appreciation of Li Shangyin's Untitled Poems 1999.5
2. "Talking about Li Shangyin's Untitled Poems" Michelle Hechi Teachers College 1999.3
3. Biological Intention and Personality Spirit —— Image Analysis of Li Shangyin's Untitled Poetry, Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology, etc. 2000+0
4. A strange solution (untitled above) Yao Wen reports 1963.6.7
5. Interpretation of Dong Naibin's knowledge of literature and history by Li Shangyin's untitled poems 1999.5
Teacher comments;
"Who can say that Li Shangyin's life is not an untitled mind?" This is the thinking spark that flashed during the author's in-depth understanding of Li Shangyin's Untitled Poetry. From the analysis of poetry to the thinking of life, the end of this article is meaningful. Liu Hongxia
Article source: Basic Department
Author: Xueming Fang of Class 04 13 (Instructor: Zhuang Xiaohu)